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GATE Life Sciences Syllabus 2025: Download XL Syllabus with Weightage PDF

GATE Life Science Syllabus 2024: The IISc Bangalore has released GATE Life Science Syllabus 2024 pdf on its official website. The syllabus is designed to assess candidates’ knowledge of the chosen subject. Candidates who opt for GATE Life Science should download GATE Syllabus PDF attached here.

GATE Life Science paper includes General Aptitude (GA), Chemistry and two other subjects that can be opted from Biochemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology and Food Technology. GATE Chemistry paper has a weightage of 25% and the Core Discipline Subjects carry a weightage of 60%. Based on the previous years’ analysis for GATE Life Science question papers, the following topics have been asked more frequently:

  • In GATE Biochemistry, around 4-5 questions are asked about Organization of life, Biomolecules, and Molecular biology, Recombinant biotechnology.
  • At least 4 questions have been seen from Physiology And Biochemistry, Genetics and Morphogenesis & Development from Botany section.

GATE General Aptitude (GA) is as important as the core subject chosen by the candidates. This section carries a weightage of 15% of the GATE Life Science paper. A few important topics to study for GATE General Aptitude are Verbal Aptitude, Quantitative Aptitude, Analytical Aptitude and Spatial Aptitude. 

Ques. What is the syllabus for GATE Life Science?

Ans. GATE Life Science Syllabus 2024 includes Chemistry, which is compulsory for all and other papers such as Biochemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology and Food Technology. These subjects are further subdivided into several topics.

Ques. Is Chemistry compulsory for GATE Life Science?

Ans. Yes, Chemistry is a compulsory subject for all candidates appearing for GATE Life Science paper.

Ques. How to prepare for GATE Life Science?

Ans. Some important instructions to prepare for GATE Life Science are listed below:

  • At the beginning, do a good analysis of GATE Life Sciences syllabus provided by the IISc Bangalore.
  • Mark the topics that you are not familiar with. Now, make a study routine and allocate time to each subject as per your strengths and weaknesses. 
  • Make notes of all the topics that you are covering from the syllabus. 
  • Solve GATE previous year papers which is going to help you know more about the overall nature of the subject.
  • Most important is to take mock tests to know you preparation level.

Quick Links:  

GATE XL Syllabus

GATE Life Sciences (XL) Syllabus 2024 PDF

GATE 2023 Life Sciences (XL) Syllabus PDF is available for download for General Aptitude, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology, Food Technology. Candidates can download GATE Syllabus for Life Sciences 2023 PDF for each of the subjects they will be appearing for.

GATE Life Sciences Chemistry (XL-P) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences Biochemistry (XL-Q) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences Botany (XL-R) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences Microbiology (XL-S) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences Zoology (XL-S) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences Food Technology (XL-T) Syllabus PDF


GATE Life Sciences General Aptitude (GA) Syllabus PDF


GATE XL Weightage of Topics

GATE Life Sciences Important Topics Weightage

The section below covers the previous year's weightage for GATE Life Sciences important topics. Candidates can check the year-wise weightage for GATE XL Biochemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology, Food Technology.

GATE Life Science- Biochemistry (XL-Q) Important Topics Weightage

Units 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Organization of life, Biomolecules 5 2 3 3 1 5
Enzyme kinetics; Vitamins and Coenzymes; Metabolic pathways and their regulation: Photosynthesis 3 - 7 7 7 7
Biochemical separation techniques 2 2 6 4 5 4
Cell biology and signal transduction: Hormones and neurotransmitters 3 3 1 3 3 4
Molecular biology, Recombinant biotechnology 4 2 - - 2 -
Immunology 3 1 3 3 2 -

GATE Life Science- Botany (XL-R) Important Topics Weightage

Units 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Plant Systematics 2 1 3 3 1 2
Plant Anatomy - 1 2 1 1 4
Morphogenesis & Development 4 2 4 3 1 1
Physiology And Biochemistry 4 5 4 4 4 6
Genetics 4 1 2 5 4 3
Plant Breeding And Genetic Modification 3 4 3 1 2 1
Economic Botany 1 2 - 1 2 1
Plant Pathology 2 1 1 1 2 1
Ecology And Environment - 3 1 1 3 1

GATE Life Science- Microbiology (XL-S) Important Topics Weightage

Units 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Historical Perspective 1 1 - 1 1 -
Methods In Microbiology 2 5 1 1 1 -
Microbial Taxonomy And Diversity 3 1 4 4 2 3
Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells: Structure And Function 0 1 1 1 1 1
Microbial Growth 3 1 3 3 5 6
Control Of Micro-Organisms 1 2 1 1 1 -
Microbial Metabolism 3 1 1 1 1 1
Microbial Diseases And Host Pathogen Interaction - 3 3 3 2 4
Chemotherapy/Antibiotics 2 1 4 4 3 1
Microbial Genetics 4 1 1 1 1 1
Microbial Ecology 1 3 1 1 2 3

GATE Life Science- Zoology (XL-T) Important Topics Weightage

Units 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Animal World 1 3 2 2 1 2
Evolution 1 1 2 3 2 2
Genetics 4 2 2 2 4 2
Biochemistry And Molecular Biology 4 2 6 2 4 1
Cell Biology 3 2 - 2 2 4
Gene Expression In Eukaryotes - - 1 - 2 1
Animal Anatomy And Physiology 2 6 1 4 1 2
Parasitology And Immunology 1 1 2 1 2 2
Development Biology 2 1 1 2 2 3
Ecology 1 1 2 1 - 1
Animal Behaviour 1 1 1 1 - -

GATE Life Science- Food Technology (XL-U) Important Topics Weightage

Units 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Food Chemistry and Nutrition 6 6 6 4 5 2
Food Microbiology 7 4 5 10 8 8
Food Products Technology 4 5 6 4 4 6
Food Engineering 3 5 3 2 3 4

GATE XL Exam Pattern

GATE Life Science Exam Pattern 2024

  • GATE XL 2024 Exam Mode: Online
  • GATE XL 2024 Duration: 3 hours
  • Types of Questions: MCQs, MSQs and NAT
  • Number of Sections: 3 sections – General Aptitude, Chemistry (XL-P) and Core Discipline (XL Q-U)
  • Total Questions: 65 questions

Check GATE Life Sciences Exam Pattern

Section Total Number of 1 mark questions Total Number of 2 mark questions Total Number of Questions Total Marks
GA 5 5 10 15
Section P(Chemistry) 5 10 15 25
Section Q-U(Any two of these) 10+10 10+10 20+20=40 30+30=60
Total 30 70 65 100

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GATE XL Preparation

GATE Preparation 2024 for Life Sciences

To assist the students in their GATE Life Sciences Preparation 2023, the following sections have been curated. The students are advised to check out the following and avail the benefits of the same.

GATE Life Sciences (XL) Books

Candidates preparing for GATE Life Sciences are advised to get the latest edition of some of the most popular books. GATE Books from popular publications are available as both in physical form at bookstores or as e-books online. 

GATE Zoology Books

Books Name Author/Publication
Animal Cell Culture Methods Jennie P Mather, David Barnes
Modern Text Book Of Zoology Vertebrates R.L.Kotpal
Zoology Stephen A Miller and John P Harley

GATE Chemistry Books

Books Name Author/Publication
Gate Guide Life Science Chemistry & General Aptitude G K Publications
A Logical Approach to Chemistry Pragati Publications
3,000 Solved Problems In Chemistry (Schaum’s Outline Series) David E Goldberg

GATE Food Technology Books

Books Name Author/Publication
Food Technology Neil Morris
Food Technology and Nutrition Sunetra Roday
Textbook of Food Science and Technology Avantina Sharma

GATE Biochemistry Books

Books Name Author/Publication
Biochemistry  Satyanarayana
Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Wilson/Walker
Practical Biochemistry Damodaran Geetha K

GATE Botany Books

Books Name Author/Publication
A Text Book Of Botany Singh Pande Jain
A Textbook Of Botany Vol-3 S.N Pandey
Principles Of Genetics Gardner

GATE Microbiology Books

Books Name Author/Publication
Microbiology(fifth edition) Micheal Pelczar, E.C.S Chan, Noel R. Krieg
Prescott’s Microbiology Joanne M. Willey, Christopher J. Woolverton, Linda M. Sherwood
Smart Study Series Microbiology Ankit Gupta, Prafulla Songara
GATE XL Question Papers

Ques. What is the marks of GATE Life Science?

Ans. The total marks of GATE Life Science is 100. General Aptitude (GA) which is mandatory for all GATE 2024 test takers has 15 marks, Chemistry 25 marks and 30 marks allotted to the other two subjects each.

Ques. Is there a negative marking in GATE Life Science?

Ans. Yes, there is a negative marking in GATE Life Science. For 1 mark MCQs, ⅓ mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. There will be 2 marks MCQs and ⅔ marks will be deducted for each wrong attempt. There is no negative marking in NAT and MSQs.

Ques. How many papers are there in GATE Life Science?

Ans. In GATE Life Science, Chemistry is compulsory for all. Apart from Chemistry, candidates can choose any two papers from the following listed ones:

  • Biochemistry
  • Botany
  • Microbiology
  • Zoology
  • Food Technology

GATE Previous Year Question Papers

Solving and practicing using previous year GATE Life Sciences Question Papers is one of the best ways to test your exam prep level. Candidates can use the links below to Download GATE Life Sciences Question Paper PDFs.

Year Exam Date & Session Exam Mode GATE XL Question Paper PDF
2022 February 12 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2021 February 13 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2020 February 2 (Forenoon Session) Online Check Here
2019 February 2 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2018 February 3 (Forenoon Session) Online Check Here
2017 February 12 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2016 February 7 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2015 January 31 (Forenoon Session) Online Check Here
2014 February 2 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2013 January 20 (Afternoon Session) Online Check Here
2012 February 12 (Afternoon Session) Offline Check Here
2011 February 13 (Afternoon Session) Offline Check Here
2010 February 14 (Forenoon Session) Offline Check Here
2009 February 8 (Forenoon Session) Offline Check Here
2008 February 10 Offline Check Here
2007 February 11 Offline Check Here

GATE Syllabus 2024 of Other Subjects

Candidates who are planning to appear for GATE can check the syllabus their respective subjects from the links provided in the table below:


Frequently Asked Questions

GATE Life Science Syllabus 2024 FAQs

Ques: What will be options provided to select the subjects in GATE Syllabus for Life Sciences 2024?

Ans: GATE Life sciences 2023 XL section comprises the following subjects/codes:

  • XL-P – Chemistry
  • XL-Q – Biochemistry
  • XL-R – Botany
  • XL-S – Microbiology
  • XL-T – Zoology
  • XL-U – Food Technology

GATE Life Sciences Chemistry (XL-P) is a mandatory subject for candidates to attempt. Meanwhile, candidates can choose any two subjects from Biochemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Zoology, Food Technology.


Ques: What will be the marking scheme and weightage of sections in GATE Syllabus for Life Sciences 2024?

Ans: The weightage of General Aptitude will be 15% and the remaining 85% will be reserved for chemistry & sections (two) selected by the candidates. 

Section  Number of Questions Total Marks
No. of 1 mark questions No. of 2 marks questions
GA 5 5 15 marks 
Section P – Chemistry (compulsory) 5 10 25 marks 
Sections Q to U (Any two) 10 + 10 10 + 10 30 marks + 30 marks
TOTAL 30 questions 35 questions 100 marks

Ques: Can I opt for Food Technology & Zoology sections as my 2 optional sections along with Chemistry in GATE Life sciences 2024?

Ans: Yes. You can opt for any 2 sections from Q to U. The sections P that is chemistry will remain compulsory for all the candidates. The rest of the 2 sections can be selected as per the preference of candidates.


Ques: What will be major topics for GATE Life sciences 2023 microbiology sections that is XL-S section?

Ans: The major topics for these sections are mentioned below:

  • Historical Perspective
  • Methods in Microbiology
  • Microbial Taxonomy and Diversity
  • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
  • Microbial Growth
  • Control of Microorganisms
  • Microbial Metabolism
  • Microbial Diseases and Host-Pathogen Interaction
  • Antibiotics
  • Microbial Genetics
  • Microbial Ecology

Ques. What are the sub-topics to prepare for in GATE Life Sciences- Chemistry Syllabus 2024?

Ans. The sub topics in the GATE Life Sciences- Chemistry Syllabus 2023 is as follows: 

  • Atomic Structure and Periodicity
  • Structure and Bonding 
  • s, p & d Block Elements
  • Chemical Equilibria
  • Electrochemistry 
  • Reaction Kinetics
  • Thermodynamics 
  •  Structure Reactivity Correlations and Organic Reaction Mechanisms
  • Chemistry of Biomolecules

Ques. What are some good books for GATE Life Sciences- Biochemistry Syllabus 2024?

Ans. Some good books for GATE Life Sciences- Biochemistry Syllabus are as follows: 

  • Biochemistry by Satyanarayana
  • Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by Wilson/Walker
  • Practical Biochemistry by Damodaran Geetha K

Ques. What are the sub-topics that one needs to prepare for in the GATE Life Sciences- Botany Syllabus 2024?

Ans. The subtopics in the GATE Life Sciences- Botany Syllabus 2023 is as follows:

  • Plant Systematics
  • Plant Anatomy 
  • Plant development
  • Physiology and Biochemistry
  • Genetics and genomics
  • Plant Breeding, Genetic Modification, Genome Editing Principles, methods
  • Economic and applied Botany
  • Plant Pathology
  • Ecology and Environment

Ques. What are the sub-topics that one needs to prepare for in GATE Life Sciences- Microbiology Syllabus 2024?

Ans. The subtopics in the GATE Life Sciences- Microbiology Syllabus 2023 is as follows:

  • Historical Perspective 
  • Methods in Microbiology
  • Microbial Taxonomy and Diversity 
  • Prokaryotic Cells: Structure and Function
  • Microbial Growth
  • Control of Microorganisms 
  • Microbial Metabolism
  • Microbial Diseases and Host-Pathogen
  • Chemotherapy/Antibiotics
  • Microbial Genetics
  • Microbial Ecology 

Ques. What is a good score for GATE Life Sciences 2024? 

Ans. A good score for GATE Life Sciences is anywhere from 25 to 35 as the GATE Life Sciences Cut Off is usually in that range. Check GATE Cut Off for the previous year’s trends. 


Ques. Is GATE Life Science hard?

Ans. GATE Life Sciences is usually easy to moderate in terms of difficulty. Check GATE Paper Analysis for setting up realistic targets. 


*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.

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