NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric charges and fields are provided in this article. Electric charge is the basic property of matter that causes it to experience a force when it is kept in an electric or a magnetic field. The electric field lines start from the positive charge and end on the negative charge.

The chapter is included in the unit Electrostatics which together with Current Electricity has a weightage of 17 marks in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Exam. The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 covers concepts of electric charge, conductors and insulators, Coulomb’s Law, electric field lines, Gauss’s law, and electric dipole.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1

The NCERT Solutions for class 12 physics chapter 1 Electric Charges and fields are as given below –

Check out: Electric Charges and Fields MCQ

Important Topics of Electric Charges and Fields

Electric Charge refers to the property of subatomic particles that leads it to experience a force when it is placed in an electric and magnetic field.

Electric Charges are of two types – like charges and unlike charges

Like Charges repel each other.
Unlike Charges attract each other.

An electric charge has 3 fundamental properties – quantization, additive nature, and conservation of electric charge.

Quantization – The total charge of a body denotes the integral multiple of a basic quantum of charge.
Additive – This property represents the total charge of a body as an algebraic sum of all the singular charges that act on the system.
Conservation – This property expressed that the total charge of a system is not affected with time. Charges can neither be created nor destroyed.

Coulomb’s law states that mutual electrostatic force that exists between two point charges A and B is directly proportional to their product, AB and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

F_e = ${kq_1q_2\over r^2}$

Electric flux is the total number of electric field lines that pass through a given area in a unit of time.

The electric flux Δθ through an area element of ΔS can be denoted by

Δθ = E.ΔS = EΔScosθ

Conductors are the objects that assist in the movement of electric charge.
Insulators offer resistance to the flow of electricity through them.

Examples of Conductors – Human bodies, Earth, metal, etc.

Examples of Insulators – Nylon, Wood, Porcelain, etc.

Gauss law states that the total amount of electric flux that passes through a closed surface is directly proportional to the enclosed electric charge. The Gauss law formula is expressed by-

Φ = ${Q \over ϵo}$

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Also Read:

Chapter 1 Related Articles
Applications of Gauss’s Law	Charging by Induction	Dipole in a Uniform External Field
Electric Dipole	Maxwell’s Equations	Cells, EMF and Internal Resistance
Kirchhoffs Laws	Electrostatics	Unit of Electric Field

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
An electric field $\vec{E}$ is established across the ends of a cylindrical conductor of length L and area of cross-section A. Discuss how electrons attain an average velocity, independent of time. Hence, obtain a relation between current in the conductor and this ‘average velocity’ of electrons.

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2.
A charged particle $+q$ in an electric field $\vec{E}$ experiences a force in the direction of the electric field. As a result, its kinetic energy changes. Similarly, the charged particle also experiences a force when it moves in a magnetic field $\vec{B}$. But this magnetic force is perpendicular to both velocity $\vec{v}$ of the charged particle and the magnetic field $\vec{B}$, so it cannot change the kinetic energy of the charged particle. Consider two charged particles 1 and 2 of masses $m$ and $\frac{m}{2}$ having charges $-q$ and $+2q$ respectively. They are accelerated from rest through the same potential difference $V$ and acquire kinetic energy $K_1$ and $K_2$. Then they enter in a region of uniform magnetic field $\vec{B}$ perpendicular to their velocities.

3.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
A p-type or n-type semiconductor can be converted into a p-n junction by doping it with suitable impurity. The motion of majority charge carriers causes diffusion current across the junction while the barrier electric field causes motion of minority carriers for drift current. In case of unbiased diode, the diffusion and drift currents are equal. This equilibrium is disturbed by the biasing batteries. Diodes, therefore, allow currents in one direction. This property of diode is used in making rectifiers.

4.
Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d with air present between the plates.

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5.
Capacitors are manufactured with certain standard capacitances and working voltages. However, these standard values may not be the ones that are actually needed in a particular application. Two or more capacitors can be grouped in series or in parallel to achieve desired capacitance and voltage. When connected in series, the total capacitance decreases while the voltage rating increases, whereas in parallel connections, the total capacitance increases and maintains the same voltage rating. A capacitor stores energy in the electric field between its plates and stored energy is proportional to the square of the voltage and capacitance $U = \frac{1}{2}CV^2$, where symbols have their usual meanings.
Two capacitors, one of $3 \ \mu$F and the other of $6 \ \mu$F, are connected in series in the circuit as shown in the figure, for a long time. }

6.
Two air-filled capacitors of capacitances $C_1$ and $C_2$ are connected in parallel with a dc battery. After the capacitors are fully charged, a slab of dielectric constant K is inserted between the plates of each capacitor. How will the (i) charge on each capacitor and (ii) energy stored in the capacitor affected after the slab is introduced.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1

Important Topics of Electric Charges and Fields

Previous Year Questions

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

4.
Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d with air present between the plates.

Similar Physics Concepts

Comments

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NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1

Important Topics of Electric Charges and Fields

Previous Year Questions

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

4.Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d with air present between the plates.

Similar Physics Concepts

Comments

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWS LETTER

4.
Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d with air present between the plates.