Writer-Editorial Content | Updated On - Sep 2, 2024
CBSE class 12 Physics syllabus 2024-25 has been released on the official website. The syllabus is divided into two categories that are theory and practical. 70 marks are allocated for the theory paper and the rest 30 marks are allocated for the practical paper. The 30 marks are divided into four components such as Experiments, Practical Record, Investigatory Project and VIVA & Activities. The theory paper comprises a total of nine units. These units consist of chapters and subchapters.
The detailed Physics syllabus is provided in this article along with other important details.
CBSE Latest Physics Syllabus for Class 12
You can download the detailed Physics theory and practical syllabus by clicking on the link provided below. from
| Subject | Syllabus |
|---|---|
| Physics | Click here |
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Theory Syllabus
- CBSE Chapter-Wise Weightage for Class 12
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter-Wise Questions
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Topics
- Suggested Books for CBSE Class 12 Physics
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Deleted Topics
- Preparation Tips For CBSE Class 12 Students
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2024 Solved PDF
- Frequently Asked Questions
CBSE Class 12 Physics Theory Syllabus
Unit-wise chapters and topics are mentioned in the table below for your reference.
| Unit Numbers | Name of the Units | Chapters | Topics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit-1 | Electrostatics | Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields | Electric Charges, Conservation of Charge, Coulomb’s Law, Forces between Multiple Charges, Superposition Principle and Continuous Charge Distribution, Electric Field, Electric Field due to a Point Charge, Electric Field Lines, Electric Dipole, Electric Field due to a Dipole, Torque on a Dipole in Uniform Electric Field, Electric Flux, Statement of Gauss’s Theorem, Applications of Gauss’s Theorem, Uniformly Charged infinite Plane Sheet, Uniformly Charged thin Spherical Shell |
| Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Electric Potential, Potential Difference, Electric Potential due to a Point Charge, a Dipole, and a System of Charges, Equipotential Surfaces, Electrical Potential Energy of a System of Two-Point Charges and Electric Dipole in Electrostatic Field, Conductors and Insulators, Free Charges and Bound Charges inside a Conductor, Dielectrics and Electric Polarisation, Capacitors and Capacitance, Combination of Capacitors in Series and Parallel, The Capacitance of a Parallel Plate, Capacitor with and without Dielectric Medium, Energy Stored in a Capacitor (Formula only) | ||
| Unit-2 | Current Electricity | Chapter 3: Current Electricity | Electric Current, Flow of Electric Charges in a Metallic Conductor, Drift Velocity, Mobility and their Relation with Electric Current, Ohm’s Law, V-I Characteristics (Linear and Nonlinear), Electrical Energy and Power, Electrical Resistivity and Conductivity, Temperature Dependence of Resistance, Internal Resistance of a Cell, Potential Difference and EMF of a Cell, Combination of Cells in Series and Parallel, Kirchhoff's Rules, Wheatstone Bridge |
| Unit-3 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism | Concept of Magnetic Field, Oersted’s Experiment, Biot-Savart Law and its Applications, Ampere’s Law and its Applications, Straight Solenoid, Force on a Moving Charge in Uniform Magnetic and Electric Fields, Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in Uniform Magnetic Field, Force between Two Parallel Current-Carrying Conductors, Definition of Ampere, Torque Experienced by a Current Loop in Uniform Magnetic Field, Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and its Magnetic Dipole Moment, Moving Coil Galvanometer and its Sensitivity, Conversion of Galvanometer to Ammeter and Voltmeter |
| Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter | Bar Magnet, Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid (Qualitative Treatment), Magnetic Field Intensity due to Magnetic Dipole along its axis and perpendicular to the axis, Torque on a Magnetic Dipole in Uniform Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field Lines, Magnetic Properties of Materials (Para, Dia, and Ferro), Magnetic Substances with Examples, Magnetization of Materials, Effect of Temperature on Magnetic Properties | ||
| Unit-4 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction | Electromagnetic Induction, Faraday’s Law, Induced EMF and Current, Lenz’s Law, Self and Mutual Induction |
| Chapter 7: Alternating Current | Alternating Current, Peak and RMS Value of Alternating Current, Reactance and Impedance, LCR Series Circuit (Phasors Only), Resonance, Power in AC Circuit, Power Factor, Wattless Current, AC Generator, Transformer | ||
| Unit-5 | Electromagnetic Waves | Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves | Basic Idea of Displacement Current, Electromagnetic Waves and their Characteristics, Transverse Nature of Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum and their Uses |
| Unit-6 | Optics | Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | , Reflection of Light, Spherical Mirrors, Mirror Formula, Refraction of Light, Total Internal Reflection and Optical Fibres, Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Lenses, Thin Lens Formula, Lens Maker’s Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of Thin Lenses in Contact, Refraction of Light through Prism, Microscopes and Astronomical Telescopes, Magnifying Powers of These Telescopes |
| Chapter 10: Wave Optics | Wave Front and Huygens Principle, Reflection and Refraction of Plane Wave at a Plane Surface using Wave Fronts, Proof of Laws of Reflection and Refraction using Huygens Principle, Interference, Young’s Double Slit Experiment, Expression of Fringe Width, Coherent Sources and Sustained Interference of Light, Diffraction due to a Single Slit, Width of Central Maxima | ||
| Unit-7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation, Photoelectric Effect, Hertz and Lenard’s Observations, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation – Particle Nature of Light, Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect, Matter Waves- Wave Nature of Particles, De-Broglie Relation |
| Unit-8 | Atoms and Nuclei | Chapter 12: Atoms | Alpha-Particle Scattering Experiment, Rutherford’s Model of Atom, Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom, Expression for Radius of nth Possible Orbit, Velocity and Energy of Electron in nth Orbit, Hydrogen Line Spectra |
| Chapter 13: Nuclei | Composition and Size of Nucleus, Nuclear Force, Mass-Energy Relation, Mass Defect, Binding Energy per Nucleon and its Variation with Mass Number, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion | ||
| Unit-9 | Electronic Devices | Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | Energy Bands in Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors – p and n-type, p-n junction, Semiconductor Diode – I-V Characteristics in Forward and Reverse Bias, Application of Junction of Diode, Diode as a Rectifier |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus
The Class 12th Physics syllabus includes 30 marks for Practicals. CBSE class 12th Physics practical syllabus of Section A and B are as follows:
| Section A | Section B |
|---|---|
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| Activities | Activities |
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CBSE Chapter-Wise Weightage for Class 12
CBSE has released the unit-wise weightage on the official website. The detailed information is presented here to help you understand the mark distribution.
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Chapters | Allotted Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields | 16 |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | |||
| Unit 2 | Current Electricity | Current Electricity | |
| Unit 3 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Moving Charges and Magnetism | 17 |
| Magnetism and Matter | |||
| Unit 4 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current | Electromagnetic Induction | |
| Alternating Current | |||
| Unit 5 | Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
| Unit 6 | Optics | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | |
| Wave Optics | |||
| Unit 7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 |
| Unit 8 | Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms | |
| Nuclei | |||
| Unit 9 | Electronic Devices | Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits | 07 |
| Total | 70 | ||
CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter-Wise Questions
CBSE board has released the unit-wise weightage but here the chapter-wise weightage is presented based on previous year’s trend.
| Chapters number | Chapters Name | Allotted Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | Electric Charges and Fields | 4 |
| Chapter 2 | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | 6 |
| Chapter 3 | Current Electricity | 6 |
| Chapter 4 | Moving Charges and Magnetism | 5 |
| Chapter 5 | Magnetism and Matter | 3 |
| Chapter 6 | Electromagnetic Induction | 3 |
| Chapter 7 | Alternating Current | 6 |
| Chapter 8 | Electromagnetic Waves | 3 |
| Chapter 9 | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | 9 |
| Chapter 10 | Wave Optics | 6 |
| Chapter 11 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 5 |
| Chapter 12 | Atoms | 3 |
| Chapter 13 | Nuclei | 4 |
| Chapter 14 | Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits | 7 |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Topics
Each chapter holds some important topics that are asked repeatedly in the exam. Chapter-wise important topics are mentioned in the table to help you understand which topics need to be covered mandatorily.
| Chapters | Important Topics |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 |
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| Chapter 2 |
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| Chapter 3 |
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| Chapter 4 |
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| Chapter 5 |
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| Chapter 6 |
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| Chapter 7 |
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| Chapter 8 |
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| Chapter 9 |
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| Chapter 10 |
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| Chapter 11 |
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| Chapter 12 |
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| Chapter 13 |
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| Chapter 14 |
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Suggested Books for CBSE Class 12 Physics
Here are some books that can help students in their preparation.
- Physics, Class XI, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT.
- Physics, Class XII, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT.
- Laboratory Manual of Physics for class XII Published by NCERT.
- The list of other related books and manuals brought out by NCERT (consider multimedia also).
CBSE Class 12 Physics Deleted Topics
The Physics syllabus has been reduced to 30% along with other subjects. Below-mentioned chapters and topics are deleted from the Physics Syllabus.
| Chapters | Deleted Topics |
|---|---|
| Electric Charge and Fields | Charging by Induction |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Van de Graaff Generator |
| Current Electricity | Combination of Resistors– series and parallel, Meter Bridge, Potentiometer |
| Moving Charges and Magnetism | Velocity Selector, Cyclotron, The Toroid, Motion in Combined Electric and Magnetic Field |
| Magnetism and Matter | Earth’s Magnetism, Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets |
| Electromagnetic Induction | Energy Consideration, Eddy Currents |
| Alternating Current | LC Oscillations |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Nature of Electromagnetic Waves – about ether |
| Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Refraction – advanced sunrise and delayed sunset, Mirage, Diamond, Some Natural Phenomena due to Sunlight, Rainbow, Scattering of Light |
| Wave Optics | Interference of Light Waves and Young’s Experiment – deleted derivation, expression for fringe width, Diffraction – only qualitative treatment retained, Resolving Power of Optical Instruments, Validity of Ray Optics, Polarisation of Scattering, Polarisation by Reflection |
| Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Davisson and Germer Experiment |
| Nuclei | Radioactivity |
| Semiconductor Electronics | Special Purpose of p-n Junction Diodes, Junction Transistor, Digital Electronics and Logic Gates, Integrated Circuits |
Preparation Tips For CBSE Class 12 Students
Physics question papers mostly focus on numerical questions so practice is the key. Derivations are the most important for this paper. Practising derivations regularly can help you get a good score in the exam. Some of the most important derivatives are Gauss’s Law application, Magnetic Field on the Axis of Circular Coil, Astronomical Telescope/Compound Microscope, proving Snell’s law using Huygens principle and Nuclear density is independent of ‘A’.
What chapters should be studied first in Physics?
You need to cover all the chapters thoroughly but you can determine the sequence as per your convenience. You can start with some chapters like Ray Optics, Wave Optics, AC,em waves, Electrostatics, Magnetism and Current Electricity. Then you need to cover other chapters as well. This sequence will help you to complete the subject effectively in less time.
Which are the chapters I need to focus more on?
Covering the whole syllabus is important to get a good score but some of the chapters need your attention more. You need to focus on some most important topics like Gauss theorem, Electric flux, Parallel Plate Capacitor, Drift Velocity, Kirchoff’s law, Force between parallel wires, Magnetic properties of material, Resonance of series LCR circuit, Refraction through prism, Lens maker formula, Compound microscope & telescope and and Hydrogen spectrum. Questions are asked repeatedly from these chapters so you need to focus on these chapters more. You are not advised to skip any of the chapters from the updated syllabus.
When and how to practise previous years questions?
Once you cover the entire syllabus start your revision. You should start practising PYQs after the detailed revision. You can solve PYQs online or you can follow any practice book for it. When solving PYQs, set an alarm to complete the paper within time. Analysing each topic in past papers is important
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2024 Solved PDF
The links to download Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2024 with answer key are provided below:
| Subject | Paper Code | Question Paper PDF | Solution PDF |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physics | Set 1- 55/1/1 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 2- 55/1/2 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 3- 55/1/3 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 1- 55/2/1 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 2- 55/2/2 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 3- 55/2/3 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 1- 55/3/1 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 2- 55/3/2 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 3- 55/3/3 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 1- 55/4/1 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 2- 55/4/2 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 3- 55/4/3 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 1- 55/5/1 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 2- 55/5/2 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
| Physics | Set 3- 55/5/3 | Download PDF | Download PDF |
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. What are the hardest topics in CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus?
Ans. As per the CBSE class 12 paper analysis, the difficulty of topics varies for each student, but concepts like Quantum Mechanics, Semiconductor Devices, and Electromagnetic Waves are often considered challenging.
Ques. Can I skip derivations for CBSE Class 12 Physics board exams?
Ans. No, you cannot skip derivations for the exam as it carries maximum marks in the board exams. Gauss’s Law application, Magnetic Field on the Axis of Circular Coil, Astronomical Telescope/Compound Microscope, proving Snell’s law using Huygens principle and Nuclear density is independent of ‘A’ are the most important derivations you must practice more.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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Comments
2 Comments
For the optics section in the CBSE class 12th, CBSE has allotted 18 marks. The number of questions has not been declared but there will be two chapters. These chapters are Chapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments, and Chapter 10 - Wave Optics.
For more information, refer to this link: CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus - Theory Exam
The most difficult topics in CBSE XII Physics Syllabus are Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating, and Currents, Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism, Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter, and Ray Optics and Optical Instruments.
For more information, refer to this link: CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus - Theory Exam