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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25(Out), Download PDF, Check Chapter-Wise Topics, Deleted Syllabus

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Jyotismita Maitra

| Updated On - Sep 6, 2024

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 has been released. You can download the full syllabus from the official website, cbseacademic.nic. CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 is divided into two parts: Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics and Part B - Indian Economic Development. Each part carries 40 marks, making up 80 marks for the CBSE Class 12 Exam of Economics.

In CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25, the maximum weightage is provided to the chapters Determination of Income and Employment (12 marks) of Part A and Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy (20 marks) of Part B.

This article contains detailed chapter-wise topics and the list of project work along with their mark distribution as per the latest CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25.

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025

The two parts of CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 are:

  • Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics
  • Part B: Indian Economic Development

The detailed chapter-wise topics for each part of the syllabus are given below.

Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics

Chapter Topics
National Income and Related Aggregates
  • What is Macroeconomics?
  • Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation
  • Circular flow of income (two-sector model)
  • Methods of Calculating National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method
  • Aggregates related to National Income: Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP) - at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP
  • GDP and Welfare
Money and Banking
  • Money – meaning and functions, supply of money - Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks
  • Money creation by the commercial banking system.
  • The central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of Issue,
  • Govt. Bank, Banker's Bank, Control of Credit through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo
  • Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.
Determination of Income and Employment
  • Aggregate demand and its components.
  • Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal).
  • Short-run equilibrium output; investment multiplier and its mechanism.
  • Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment.
  • Problems of excess demand and deficient demand; measures to correct them - changes in government spending, taxes and money supply.
Government Budget and the Economy
  • Government budget - meaning, objectives and components.
  • Classification of receipts - revenue receipts and capital receipts;
  • Classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
  • Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget – measures of government deficit.
Balance of Payments
  • Balance of payments account - meaning and components;
  • Balance of payments – Surplus and Deficit
  • Foreign exchange rate - meaning fixed and flexible rates and managed floating.
  • Determination of exchange rate in a free market, Merits and demerits of the flexible and fixed exchange rate.
  • Managed Floating exchange rate system

Part B - Indian Economic Development

Chapter Topics
Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991
  • A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence.
  • Indian economic system and common goals of Five Year Plans.
  • Main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance) and foreign trade.
  • Economic Reforms since 1991: Features and appraisals of liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation (LPG policy);
  • Concepts of Demonetization and GST
Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy
  • Human Capital Formation: How people become resource; Role of human capital in economic development; Growth of Education Sector in India
  • Rural development: Key issues - credit and marketing - the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; alternative farming - organic farming
  • Employment: Growth and changes in the workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies
  • Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming
Development Experience of India
  • A comparison with neighbours: India and Pakistan, India and China
  • Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development and other Human Development Indicators
CBSE Class 12 Economics Weightage

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus Chapter-Wise Weightage

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 is divided into two parts and each carries 40 marks. Check the Class 12 Economics Syllabus chapter-wise mark distribution from the table given below:

Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics

Chapter Marks
National Income and Related Aggregates 10 marks
Money and Banking 06 marks
Determination of Income and Employment 12 marks
Government Budget and the Economy 06 marks
Balance of Payments 06 marks
Total 40 marks

Part B - Indian Economic Development

Chapter Topics
Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 12 marks
Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy 20 marks
Development Experience of India 08 marks
Total 40 marks
Total Theory Marks 80 marks
CBSE Class 12 Economics Project Work

CBSE Class 12 Economics Project Work

CBSE Class 12 Economics project work carries 20 marks. The topics for the project work are mentioned below:

Micro and Small Scale Industries Alternate fuel – types and importance
Food Supply Channel in India Sarwa Siksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits
Contemporary Employment Situation in India Golden Quadrilateral- Cost ratio benefit
Disinvestment policy of the government Minimum Support Prices
Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of Nation
Health Expenditure (of any state) Waste Management in India – Need of the hour
Human Development Index Minimum Wage Rate – approach and Application
Inclusive Growth Strategy Digital India- Step Towards the Future
Self-help group Rain Water Harvesting – a solution to water crises
Trends in Credit Availability in India Vertical Farming – an alternate way
Monetary policy committee and its functions Silk Route- Revival of the past Make in India – The way ahead
Role of RBI in Control of Credit Bumper Production- Boon or Bane for the farmer
Government Budget & its Components Rise of Concrete Jungle- Trend Analysis
Trends in the budgetary condition of India Organic Farming – Back to the Nature
Exchange Rate Determination – Methods and Techniques Any other newspaper article and its evaluation based on economic principles
Currency War – reasons and Repercussions Any other topic
Livestock – Backbone of Rural India
CBSE Class 12 Economics Deleted Syllabus

CBSE Class 12 Economics Deleted Syllabus 2024-25

The topics that were excluded from the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus in the academic year 2023-24 remain excluded this academic year also. Students can check out the deleted topics of the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 from the below table:

Chapter Deleted Topics
Government Budget and the Economy
  • Revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, primary deficit their meaning
Balance of Payments
  • Merits and demerits of flexible and fixed exchange rate
Current challenges facing the Indian Economy
  • Poverty- absolute and relative; Main programmes for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment
  • Infrastructure- Meaning and Types: Case Studies: Energy and Health: Problems and Policies- A critical assessment
CBSE Class 12 Economics Books

CBSE Class 12 Economics Recommended Books

NCERT books are the best materials to prepare for the CBSE Class 12 Economics exam, as NCERT books strictly follow the CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus. Questions from NCERT books are sometimes directly asked in the question paper. Furthermore, for better preparation, some of the reference books are listed below:

Book Name Publication
Statistics for Economics NCERT
Indian Economic Development NCERT
Introductory Microeconomics NCERT
Introductory Macroeconomics NCERT
Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part A NCERT
Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part B NCERT
Indian Economic Development for Class 12 Sandeep Garg
Introductory Macroeconomics for Class 12 Sandeep Garg
Introductory Macroeconomics Class XII Dr. Anoop Kumar Atria
Projects in Economics Radha Bahuguna
Indian Economic Development TR Jain and VK Ohri
CBSE Class 12 Economics PYQs

CBSE Class 12 Economics Previous Years Questions Papers

CBSE Class 12 Economics last 10 year question papers are tabulated below. This will help the students to know the most repeated questions in the CBSE Class 12 Economics exam:

CBSE Class 12 Economics Blueprint

CBSE Class 12 Economics Blueprint 2025

You can check the CBSE Class 12 Economics Blueprint 2025 from the table below:

Section Type of Questions Marks per Question Number of Questions Total Marks
Section A MCQs 1 20 20
Section B Short Answer Type 3 4 12
Section C Short Answer Type 4 6 24
Section D Long Answer Type 6 4 24
Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Ques: Which portion of CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25 is deleted?

Ans: The CBSE Board has reduced some of the portions. The deleted portions are from the chapters: Government Budget and the Economy, Balance of Payments, and Current challenges facing the Indian Economy.

Ques: How many marks have been allotted for Project Work and VIVA in CBSE Class 12 Economics?

Ans: In the 100-mark exam, 30 marks have been allotted for project work and viva. The students must secure passing marks separately in the Project Work and written examinations of economics.

Ques: What is the question paper pattern for the CBSE Class 12 Economics theory exam?

Ans: The CBSE Class 12 Economics question paper consists of four sections: A, B, C, and D. The maximum marks for the theory exam is 80. There will be one mark, four marks, six marks, and eight marks questions.

Ques: Is Economics an optional subject in CBSE Class 12?

Ans: Economics is the main subject for the commerce stream in class 12. However, students from other streams can also opt for Economics as an optional subject.

Ques: What is the minimum passing mark in CBSE Class 12 Economics?

Ans: Students are required to secure a minimum of 33% marks to pass the CBSE Class 12 Economics Exam 2024-25.

Ques: How many books are there for the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2024-25?

Ans: There are a total of 6 books. They are Statistics for Economics, Indian Economic Development, Introductory Microeconomics, Introductory Macroeconomics, Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part A, and Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part B.

*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.

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