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CBSE CLASS XII Latest Updates
26 Sep, 2025 CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Papers with solutions PDF are available here for free. Download Here
The CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus for 2025–2026 has been published officially. Students can download the complete syllabus from cbseacademic.nic.in, the official website.
- The two sections of the syllabus are Part A, which covers introductory macroeconomics, and Part B, which covers Indian economic development, and the third section consists of Part C, Project Work.
- There are 80 marks available for the Class 12 Economics exam, with 40 points awarded for each of the A and B sections and 20 marks for the Part C.
- In the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus, the chapters from Part A, Determination of Income and Employment, contain 12 marks, & Current Challenges Facing the Indian Economy, which contains 20 marks from Part B, is allocated the highest importance.
The recently published CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 is included in this article, which offers detailed chapter-wise topics, project work ideas, mark distribution, and books.
Also Read:
Key Summary
- In this article we spoke about the CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26, including chapter-wise topics, project work, weightage, & important books.
- The complete syllabus is available on the cbseacademic.nic.in website to help students in efficiently preparing for the 2025–2026 exam.
- The two sections of the economics syllabus, Part A (Introductory Macroeconomics) and Part B (Indian Economic Development), each have a mark of 40.
- Current Challenges Facing the Indian Economy (20 marks) and Determination of Income and Employment (12 marks) receive the highest weight.
- The third part, also included in the syllabus, is Part C—project work with the weightage of 20 marks.
- The syllabus includes chapter-wise topics, project work ideas, and mark weightage.
- What is the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus?
1.1 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Overview Table
1.2 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus
- CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Chapter-Wise Weightage
- CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Recommended Books
- CBSE Class 12 Economics Previous Years’ Questions
- CBSE Class 12 Economics Exam Preparation Tips
- FAQs
What is the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus?
The CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus covers Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics (40 marks), Part B – Indian Economic Development (40 marks), and Part C – Project Work (20 marks), providing a complete framework for theory and practical learning in the board examination.
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Overview Table
| Section | Details |
|---|---|
| Academic Year | 2025–26 |
| Exam Sessions | October & April (On-demand exams available throughout the year except October, November, April, & May.) |
| Subjects Grouping | Part A – Introductory MacroeconomicsPart B – Indian Economic DevelopmentPart C – Project Work |
| Mandatory Subjects | Students must study all three parts of the syllabus for economics. |
| Marks Weightage | Part A – 40 marksPart B – 40 marksPart C – 20 marks |
| Optional Study | Topics for deeper research can be chosen under Project Work (Part C) |
| Certification Requirement | Students must complete the theory and project work as prescribed to qualify for the Economics paper |
| Official Website | nios.ac.in |
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus
The detailed chapter-wise topics for each part of the CBSE class 12 economics syllabus for 2025-26 are given below.
Part A—Introductory Macroeconomic
The table below provides a concise overview of the CBSE class 12 economics syllabus for the academic year 2025–26, summarizing part A and its key topics.
| Unit No. | Unit Title | Topics Covered |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | National Income and Related Aggregates |
|
| 2 | Money and Banking |
|
| 3 | Determination of Income and Employment |
|
| 4 | Government Budget and the Economy |
|
| 5 | Balance of Payments |
|
Part B - Indian Economic Development
This table provides a concise overview of the CBSE class 12 economics syllabus for the academic year 2025–26, summarizing part B and its key topics.
| Unit No. | Unit Title | Topics Covered |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Development Experience (1947–90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 |
|
| 7 | Current Challenges facing Indian Economy |
|
| 8 | Development Experience of India—A Comparison with Neighbours |
|
Part C—Project Work
This table provides a concise overview of the CBSE Class 12 economics syllabus for the academic year 2025–26, summarizing part C.
| Column 1 | Column 2 |
|---|---|
| Micro and Small Scale Industries | Health Expenditure (of any state) |
| Food Supply Channel in India | Human Development Index |
| Contemporary Employment Situation in India | Inclusive Growth Strategy |
| Disinvestment Policy of the Government | Self-help Group |
| Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP | Trends in Credit Availability in India |
| Monetary Policy Committee and its Functions | Role of RBI in Control of Credit |
| Government Budget and its Components | Trends in Budgetary Condition of India |
| Exchange Rate Determination – Methods and Techniques | Currency War—Reasons and Repercussions |
| Livestock—Backbone of Rural India | Alternate Fuel – Types and Importance |
| Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits | Golden Quadrilateral – Cost Ratio Benefit |
| Minimum Support Prices | Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of a Nation |
| Waste Management in India—Need of the Hour | Minimum Wage Rate – Approach and Application |
| Digital India—Step Towards the Future | Rainwater Harvesting—A Solution to the Water Crisis |
| Vertical Farming—An Alternate Way | Silk Route—Revival of the Past |
| Make in India—The Way Ahead | Bumper Production—Boon or Bane for the Farmer |
| Rise of Concrete Jungle – Trend Analysis | Organic Farming—Back to Nature |
| Aatmanirbhar Bharat | e-Rupee (e-₹) |
| Sri Lanka’s Economic Crisis | Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) |
| Environmental Crisis | Comparative Study of Economies (max 3) |
| New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 | G-20: Inclusive and Action-Oriented |
| Amrit Kaal: Empowered and Inclusive Economy | Cashless Economy |
| Any other newspaper article and its evaluation on basis of economic principles | Any other topic |
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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Chapter-Wise Weightage
This table provides a chapter-wise marks weightage for the CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025–26, showing the weightage of each topic in Part A and Part B to help students prioritize their preparation.
Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics (40 Marks)
Check the CBSE class 12 Economics Syllabus chapter-wise mark weightage for Part A from the table given below:
| Chapter | Marks |
|---|---|
| National Income and Related Aggregates | 10 |
| Money and Banking | 6 |
| Determination of Income and Employment | 12 |
| Government Budget and the Economy | 6 |
| Balance of Payments | 6 |
| Total | 40 |
Part B – Indian Economic Development (40 Marks)
Check the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus chapter-wise mark weightage for Part B from the table given below:
| Chapter | Marks |
|---|---|
| Development Experience (1947–90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 | 12 |
| Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy | 20 |
| Development Experience of India | 8 |
| Total | 40 |
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Recommended Books
The best resources for studying for the CBSE Class 12 Economics exam are NCERT books since they closely adhere to the syllabus.
Furthermore, for better preparation, some of the reference books are listed below:
| Book Name | Publication |
|---|---|
| Statistics for Economics | NCERT |
| Indian Economic Development | NCERT |
| Introductory Microeconomics | NCERT |
| Introductory Macroeconomics | NCERT |
| Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part A | NCERT |
| Supplementary Reading Material in Economics Part B | NCERT |
| Indian Economic Development for Class 12 | Sandeep Garg |
| Introductory Macroeconomics for Class 12 | Sandeep Garg |
| Introductory Macroeconomics Class XII | Dr. Anoop Kumar Atria |
| Projects in Economics | Radha Bahuguna |
| Indian Economic Development | TR Jain and VK Ohri |
CBSE Class 12 Economics Previous Years’ Questions
The following is a list of the CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus question papers from the last ten years. The following will help students understand the most common questions on the CBSE Class 12 Economics exam:
| Year | Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
|---|---|
| 2024 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2023 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2022 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2020 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2019 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2018 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2017 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2016 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2015 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
| 2014 | CBSE Class 12 Economics Question Paper |
CBSE Class 12 Economics Exam Preparation Tips
Some of the effective preparation tips for the students of the CBSE class 12 economics syllabus are given below; follow these steps to score well on the exam.
| Area | Preparation Tips |
|---|---|
| Focus on Syllabus |
|
| Chapter-Wise Study |
|
| Note-Taking |
|
| Practice past questions. |
|
| Practice Diagrams and Graphs |
|
| Time Management |
|
FAQs
Ques. How to get 90% in economics?
Ans. To score well in the economics in class 12 exam, follow these steps:
Understand concepts instead of rote learning.
- Make chapter-wise notes with key points and formulas.
- Solve past papers and sample papers regularly.
- Practice numericals, diagrams, and case studies.
- Revise high-weightage chapters and improve answer presentation.
- Complete and submit project work neatly.
Ques. What are the most important chapters in class 12 economics?
Ans. The most important chapters in class 12 economics are given below:
| Part | Important Chapters |
|---|---|
| Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics |
|
| Part B – Indian Economic Development |
|
Ques. What is the syllabus of Economics class 12?
Ans. The Class 12 economics syllabus of the CBSE Board is given below:
| Part | Topics Covered |
|---|---|
| Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics |
|
| Part B – Indian Economic Development |
|
| Part C – Project Work |
|
Ques. Which topic is best for the economics project class 12?
Ans. The best topics for the economics project for class 12 students are given below:
| Topic 1 | Topic 2 |
|---|---|
| Goods and Services Tax (GST) and its impact on GDP | Digital India—Step Towards the Future |
| Make in India—Industrial Growth Strategy | Human Development Index and Inclusive Growth |
| Minimum Support Prices and Agricultural Economics | Comparative Study of Economies (India vs China/Pakistan) |
Ques. What are the important topics of economics?
Ans. The most important topics for Class 12 Economics are:
- Determination of Income and Employment
- Current Challenges Facing the Indian Economy
- National Income and Related Aggregates
- Government Budget and Fiscal Policies
- Money and Banking
- Balance of Payments
- Economic Reforms and Development Policies
Ques. Which NCERT is best for economics?
Ans. The best NCERT books for class 12 economics are given below:
- Class 12 NCERT Economics Textbook (Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics & Part B – Indian Economic Development)—most recommended as it is exam-oriented and concise.
- Optional Reference: Foundation of Economics by NCERT Exemplar for additional practice problems and case studies.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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