Content Curator | Updated On - Aug 27, 2024
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 has been released by the board. The syllabus is available in a PDF file on the official website cbseacademic.nic.in. You can also download NCERT Class 12 Geography Syllabus PDF 2023-24 from the link below.
The syllabus of geography class 12 cbse 2023-24 is divided into two books - Fundamentals of Human Geography and India People and Economy. The Fundamentals of Human Geography book contains 8 chapters divided into 3 units. In the book India People and Economy, there are a total of 9 chapters divided into 5 units.
Unit 3 of the first book carries the highest weightage of 19 marks. In the second book also, the maximum marks are carried by unit 3 containing 4 chapters. In each book, map work carries a weightage of 5 marks. Check CBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter-Wise Weightage
The total marks for CBSE Class 12 Geography theory paper are 70 with 35 marks allotted to each book. The remaining 30 marks are allotted for the practical exams.
CBSE reduced the Class 12 Geography Syllabus during the pandemic. The reduced syllabus is still maintained and the topics deleted from CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 remain excluded for the session 2023-24 also. The maximum topics are deleted from units 2 and 3 of the first book. In the book People and Economy, the chapters Migration and Human Development are completely deleted. Check Deleted Syllabus of Class 12 Geography 2023-24 Here
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 in Hindi
Students who have opted for Geography in Hindi medium can download the syllabus of geography class 12 cbse 2023-24 in hindi from the link below:
CBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter-Wise Weightage
Check the chapter-wise weightage of Geography Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2023-24 below:
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24: Chapter-Wise Topics
One of the prerequisites of CBSE Class 12 Geography course is that students should have the basic knowledge of the concepts of class 11. The chapters included in CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 contain in-depth concepts of the topics covered in class 11.
Check the chapter-wise topics for Class 12 Geography below.
Book - Fundamental of Human Geography
| Chapters | Topics |
|---|---|
| Human Geography | Nature and Scope, definition, interdependence between nature and human beings, fields and subfields of human geography, difference between environmental determinism and possibilism |
| The World Population - Distribution, Density, and Growth | Basic concepts of population geography, calculating population density, birth rate and death rate, population change, Demographic Transition Theory, population growth control |
| Human Development | Growth and development, human development, Human Development Index, comparing HDI with human poverty index, income approach, welfare approach, basic needs approach and capability approach |
| Primary Activities | Economic activities, primary activities, red collar worker, pastoral nomadism, food gathering as an economic activity, pastoral nomadism and commercial livestock rearing, primitive subsistence and intensive subsistence farming, plantation agriculture, farming practices in urban areas, KolKhoz model, open cast mining and shaft mining |
| Secondary Activities | Large-scale manufacturing, high technology industry, organizational set up, foot-loose industries, agri business, different type of industries, cottage industry and small scale industry, large-scale industry and modern high tech industry, industrial development and standard of living |
| Tertiary and Quaternary Activities | Traditional and modern economic activities, tertiary activities, type of tertiary activities, types of trading centers, quinary activities, BPO, outsourcing, KPO, departmental store, chain store, wholesale trading |
| Transport and Communication | Modes of transport, relation between transport and communication network, major highways and major rail networks, Trans-siberian railway, Trans-canadian railway, union and pacific railway, Trans-australian railway, major sea routes, Seuz canal, Panama canal |
| International Trade | International trade, types and aspects of international trade, dumping, trade liberalisation, globalisation, impact of WTO on current global trade, sea ports as gateways of international trade |
Book - India People and Economy
| Chapters | Topics |
|---|---|
| Population: Distribution Density, Growth and Composition | Distribution of population, density of population, physiological density, agricultural density, population doubling time, working population, participation rate, main worker, marginal worker, rural population, urban population, adolescent population, uneven distribution of population in India, trends of population growth, rural-urban population composition, religious composition, linguistic composition, sectoral composition of workforce in India |
| Human Settlements | Rural and urban settlement, types of rural settlement in India, clustered, semi clustered, hamleted, and dispersed settlement, evolution of towns in India, classification of towns |
| Land Resources and Agriculture | Land use categories, changes in shares of land use categories in India, importance of common property resources, dryland and wetland farming, geographical conditions required for growth of - rice, wheat, jowar, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, jute, sugarcane, tea, coffee, technological development in Indian agriculture since independence, challenges faced by Indian farmers |
| Water Resources | Available water resources in India, water demand and supply in India, water scarcity, water resources in India, sectoral utilization, methods of conservation and management of water resources, water problems, rainwater harvesting techniques |
| Mineral and Energy Resources | Classification of minerals on the basis of physical and chemical properties, major mineral belts of India, types of non-conventional mineral resources, renewable energy resources, conservation of non-renewable energy resources, labelling iron-ore mines, manganese mines, copper mines, bauxite mines, coal mines, oil refineries on the map of India |
| Planning and Sustainable Development in Indian Context | Types of planning, target group planning by Planning Commission, Hill Area Development Programme, Drought prone area programme, social benefits of ITDP in Bharmaur tribal region |
| Transport and Communication | Means of transport, impact of physical environment on development of various modes in different regions, types of highways, role of Indian Railways, 5 national waterways, role of OIL and GALE in development of gas pipelines, road density |
| International Trade | Changing pattern of composition of India’s import and export, strategies to double share in international trade, sea ports as gateways to international trade, major sea ports, and international air ports |
| Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues | Types of pollution, various sources of pollution, water, air, land and noise pollution in India, rural-urban migration, health and social problems of slum dwellers with reference to Dharavi, land degradation in India, measures to control pollution, Swachh Bharat Mission, urban waste disposal |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Practical Syllabus 2023-24
The practical syllabus of geography class 12 cbse 2023-24 is given below:
| Chapter | Topics |
|---|---|
| Data its Source and Compilation | Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other sources |
| Data Processing | Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency |
| Representation of Data | Construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleths maps |
| Spatial Information Technology | Introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software modules; data formats; raster and vector data, data input, editing and topology building; data analysis; overlay and buffer |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Practical Marks Distribution
The marks distribution in CBSE Class 12 Geography Practical Syllabus is as follows:
| Chapter No. | Chapter Name | Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Data - Its Source and Compilation | 18 |
| 2 | Data Processing | |
| 3 | Graphical Representation of Data | 7 |
| 4 | Spatial Information Technology | 5 |
| Practical Record Book and Viva Voce | 5 | |
| Total | 30 | |
Check Syllabus of Other Subjects:
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24: List of Maps
Here is a list of maps that form a part of CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24. The map work is categorized into 2 categories:
Map items for identification only on the outline political map of the World (Fundamentals of Human Geography)
| Chapter | Map Work |
|---|---|
| Human Geography | Nil |
| The World Population Density Distribution and Growth | Nil |
| Human Development | Nil |
| Primary Activities |
|
| Secondary Activities | Nil |
| Tertiary and Quaternary Activities | Nil |
| Transport, Communication and Trade |
Major Sea Ports
Major Airports
Inland Waterways Suez Canal, Panama Canal, Rhine Waterways and St. Lawrence Seaways |
| International Trade | Nil |
Map Items for locating and labelling on a political outline map of India (India - People and Economy)
| Chapter | Map Work |
|---|---|
| Population: Distribution Density, Growth and Composition | State with highest population density & state with lowest population density (2011) |
| Human Settlement | Nil |
| Land Resources and Agriculture | Leading producing states of the following crops: (a) Rice (b) Wheat (c) Cotton (d) Jute (e) Sugarcane (f) Tea and (g) Coffee |
| Water Resources | Nil |
| Mineral and Energy Resources | Mines:
|
| Planning and Sustainable Development in the Indian Context | Nil |
| Transport and Communication | NIl |
| International Trade | Mark and label the major sea ports and airports on an outline map of India.
|
| Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues | Nil |
Guidelines for Internal Assessment/Geography Practical 2023-24
The following guidelines are specified by the board for CBSE Class 12 Geography Practical and internal assessment:
- A practical file must be prepared by students for the entire practical syllabus.
- The file should be handwritten with a cover page, index page and acknowledgement.
- Statistical diagrams and maps should be drawn neatly with headings, scales, indices etc. (Data can be taken from the NCERT textbook or Census).
- The practical file will be assessed both by internal and external examiners.
CBSE Class 12 Geography Deleted Syllabus 2023-24
The table given below contains CBSE Class 12 Geography Deleted Syllabus 2023-24:
Fundamentals of Human Geography
| Chapter | Page No. | Deleted Topics/ Chapters |
|---|---|---|
| UNIT 1 | ||
| Chapter 1: Human Geography Nature and Scope | 4-5 | Human Geography Through the Corridors of Time, Last Paragraph of Fields and Sub-Fields of Human Geography |
| UNIT 2 | ||
| Chapter 2: The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth | 9 11-14 | Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, Activity on Migration News Collage, Trends in Population Growth, Doubling Time of World Population, Spatial Pattern of Population Change, Impact of Population Change, Fig.2.2 |
| Chapter 3: Population Composition | 17-21 | Full Chapter |
| UNIT 3 | ||
| Chapter 6: Secondary Activities | 51-53 | Traditional Large Scale Industrial Regions, The Ruhr Coal Field, Iron and Steel Industry, Cotton Textile Industry |
| Chapter 7: Tertiary and Quarternary Activities | 60-61 | Factors Affecting Tourism, Collage and Activity on Medical Tourism |
| Chapter 9: International Trade | 84–85 87 | Important Aspects of International Trade, Regional Trade Blocs, Figures 9.1 and 9.3 |
| UNIT 4 | ||
| Chapter 10: Human Settlements | 91-102 | Full Chapter |
| Appendix 1 | 103-109 | Full Appendix |
| Note: The questions given in the exercises related to the deleted content of different chapters should not be considered. | ||
India People and Economy
| Chapter | Page No. | Deleted Topics/ Chapters |
|---|---|---|
| UNIT 1 | ||
| Chapter 2: Migration: Types, Causes and Consequences | 15–22 | Full Chapter |
| Chapter 3: Human Development | 23–31 | Full Chapter |
| UNIT 2 | ||
| Chapter 4: Human Settlements | 35-37 | Classification of Towns based on Population Size, Fig.4.5, Tables 4.2 and 4.3 |
| UNIT 3 | ||
| Chapter 7: Mineral and Energy Resources | 78 | Box information, Fig. 7.4 |
| Chapter 8: Manufacturing Industries | 85-103 | Full Chapter |
| UNIT 4 | ||
| Chapter 10: Transport and Communication | 120-121 | Box Information and First Three Lines from page 121 |
| Note: The questions given in the exercises related to the deleted content of different chapters should not be considered. | ||
Practical Work in Geography—Part II
| Chapter | Page No. | Deleted Topics/ Chapters |
|---|---|---|
| Chapter 2: Data Processing | 22–30 | Measures of Dispersion, Rank Correlation along with All Related Figures |
| Chapter 4: Use of Computer in Data Processing and Mapping | 55-70 | Full Chapter |
| Chapter 5: Field Surveys | 71-84 | Full Chapter |
| Annexure | 101–105 | Full Annexure |
| Note: The questions given in the exercises related to the deleted content of different chapters should not be considered. | ||
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24: Term I and Term II
CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 is not divided into term I and term 2. Students have to study the complete syllabus for their class 12 board exam.
The syllabus was divided into terms in the academic year 2021-22 but the term-wise exam policy was scrapped in 2022-23. However, the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 is divided into two books that carry 35 marks each.
CBSE Class 12 Geography Question Paper Pattern 2023-24
CBSE Class 12 Geography question paper pattern 2023-24 is given below:
| Exam | Type of Questions | Marks per Question | No. of Questions | Total Marks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theory Exam | 30 | 70 | |||
| Section A | MCQs | 1 | 14 | 14 | |
| Section B | Short Answer | 3 | 7 | 21 | |
| Section C | Long Answer | 5 | 5 | 25 | |
| Section D | Map-based | 2 | 5 | 10 | |
| Practical Exam | 30 | ||||
| Written | - | - | - | 25 | |
| Practical File | - | - | - | 2 | |
| Viva | - | - | - | 3 | |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Books
The books enlisted below are must-study resources to prepare CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24. Students are advised to give first preference to the NCERT Books over other private books while preparing for the Geography exam.
| Book Name | Publication/Author |
|---|---|
| Fundamentals of Human Geography | NCERT |
| India People and Economy | NCERT |
| Practical Work in Geography - Part II | NCERT |
| Satish Geography for Class 12 | Satish Brothers |
| CBSE Chapter-wise Solved Papers 2018-2009 Geography Class 12 | Arihant Experts |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Question Paper 2023
You can download CBSE Class 12 Geography Question Paper 2023 for each set from the link here and practice them to score good marks in your Geography exam. There are good chances of important questions being repeated in the final exams.
Along with the question paper, we have also provided CBSE Class 12 Geography Topper Answer Sheet 2023 to help you know the right answer to each question and to understand toppers’ strategy of writing answers to gain high marks.
| Download CBSE Class 12 Geography Question Papers 2023 PDF | CBSE Class 12 Geography Topper Answer Sheet 2023 |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Previous Year Question Papers
Check year-wise CBSE Class 12 Geography question papers from the links provided below:
| Year | CBSE Class 12 Geography Question Paper |
|---|---|
| 2022 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2022 |
| 2020 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2020 |
| 2019 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2019 |
| 2018 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2018 |
| 2017 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2017 |
| 2016 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2016 |
| 2015 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2015 |
| 2014 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2014 |
| 2013 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2013 |
| 2012 | CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2012 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques: How many books are there in the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24?
Ans: There are a total of 3 books for Class 12 Geography - Fundamental of Human Geography,
India People and Economy, and Practical Work in Geography- Part II. Students have to refer to all these books.
Ques: Which portion of CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 is deleted?
Ans: CBSE Board has deleted the following chapters from the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24:
- Population Composition
- Human Settlements
- Migration: Types, Causes and Consequences
- Human Development
- Manufacturing Industries
- Use of Computer in Data Processing and Mapping
- Field Surveys
Ques: How many marks have been allotted for practicals and VIVA in CBSE Class 12 Geography?
Ans: Out of the total 100 marks, 30 marks have been allotted for practical and viva. Students must secure passing marks separately in the practical exam and written examinations.
Ques: Is CBSE Class 12 Geography Sample Paper 2023-24 released?
Ans: CBSE has released the Class 12 Geography Sample Papers for 2023-24 on its official website cbseacademic.nic.in. The sample papers are based on the latest CBSE class 12 exam pattern.
Ques: How many marks are carried by the CBSE Class 12 Geography theory paper?
Ans: The total marks for the CBSE Class 12 Geography theory paper are 70 with a weightage of 35 marks from each of the two main books.
Ques: How many MCQ-type questions will be included in the CBSE Class 12 Geography Exam?
Ans: There will be around 14 MCQ-type questions in the CBSE Class 12 Geography question paper.
Ques: What is the question paper pattern for the CBSE Class 12 2024 Geography theory exam?
Ans: CBSE Class 12 Geography question paper consists of four sections: A, B, C, and D. The maximum marks for the theory exam are 70. The question paper will include MCQs, short answer type, long answer type, and map-based questions.
Ques: What is the minimum passing mark in CBSE Class 12 Geography?
Ans: Students are required to secure a minimum of 33% marks to pass the CBSE Class 12 Geography Exam 2023-24.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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