Content Curator | Updated On - Jun 27, 2024
CBSE follows five-cum-nine-point scale grading system for class 12. In CBSE results, students are scored on a scale of grade A to E and they need to score passing grades in each subject to pass the board exams. Grade ‘A’ is the highest grade and ‘E’ is the lowest.
CBSE grading system is based on two parameters:
- Absolute Marks
- Percentile
As per these parameters, the grades are awarded to students based on their comparative performance for a subject with respect to other students.
Under the CBSE grading system, subject-wise grades are awarded to the students. The average of the grades of the main five subjects is called CGPA. CGPA stands for Cumulative Grade Point Assessment and is obtained by the following formula:
| CGPA = Sum of Grade Points Obtained in 5 Main Subjects / 5 |
Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Exam Pattern 2023-24
| Table of Contents |
CBSE Class 12 Grade Distribution
As per the grading system followed in CBSE Board, the highest grade point awarded to s student is A1 while the lowest is E. Candidates scoring an E grade are considered to be failed in the CBSE Class 12 Exams. Check the table below to know the CBSE Class 12 Grading System:
| Grades | Grades Points | Proportion of Students |
|---|---|---|
| A-1 | 10 | Top 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| A-2 | 9 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| B-1 | 8 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| B-2 | 7 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| C-1 | 6 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| C-2 | 5 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| D-1 | 4 | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| D-2 | C | Next 1/8th of the passed candidates |
| E | C | Failed candidates |
Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Date Sheet 2024
CBSE Class 12 Grading System: Key Points
The key points of the CBSE Class 12 Grading System are as follows:
- If in case there is a tie among two students who gets the same score, will get the same grade. If there is a situation where the no. of students at a score point needs to be divided between two segments, the smaller segment will go with the larger one.
- This grading system will be used in the subjects where the number of passed candidates is more than 500.
- If the total no. of passing candidates respect to subjects is less than 500, the grading would be adopted on the pattern of grading and distribution in similar subjects.
CBSE Class 12 CGPA Grade Table
The student needs to multiply the CGPA secured in a subject by 9.5 to derive the percentage marks. The following table contains the percentage value for different marks range in CBSE class 12:
| Marks Range | Grade | Grade Point | Percentage (CGPA x 9.5) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 91-100 | A1 | 10.0 | 10 x 9.5 = 95% |
| 81-90 | A2 | 9.0 | 9 x 9.5 = 85.5% |
| 71-80 | B1 | 8.0 | 8 x 9.5 = 76% |
| 61-70 | B2 | 7.0 | 7 x 9.5 = 66.5% |
| 51-60 | C1 | 6.0 | 6 x 9.5 = 57% |
| 41-50 | C2 | 5.0 | 5 x 9.5 = 47.5% |
| 33-40 | D1 | 4.0 | 4 x 9.5 = 38% |
| 21-32 | D2 | C | Eligible to appear in compartment exams |
| 00-20 | E | C | Eligible to appear in compartment exams |
CBSE Class 12 CGPA to Percentage Calculator
Follow the below steps to calculate your percentage from CGPA obtained in the CBSE Class 12 Result:
To obtain an indicative equivalent percentage based on the grade point, use the following formula:
Subject-wise Percentage = Grade Point (GP) obtained by the Student x 9.5
The overall percentage of marks can be calculated as:
Overall Percentage = 9.5 x CGPA
To convert your CGPA to percentage, multiply your CGPA by 9.5. For instance, if your CGPA is 9, the corresponding percentage would be 85.5%, as illustrated below:
9 x 9.5 = 85.5%
Suppose the CBSE student secures the following grade points for the five mentioned subjects:
| CBSE Board Subjects | Grade Points |
|---|---|
| Subject 1 | 9 |
| Subject 2 | 8 |
| Subject 3 | 9 |
| Subject 4 | 6 |
| Subject 5 | 8 |
| Total | 40 |
Now, the following steps are to be followed to calculate the CGPA:
Add the grade points i.e., 9 + 8 + 9 + 6 + 8 = 40
Divide the sum by 5 i.e., 40/5 = 8
Hence, CGPA obtained is 8.0
Also Read: CBSE Class 12 Toppers
CGPA to Percentage Chart
Students can refer to the below chart to know the percentage value at different CGPA:
| CGPA | Percentage | CGPA | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 95 | 7 | 66.5 |
| 9.9 | 94.05 | 6.9 | 65.55 |
| 9.8 | 93.1 | 6.8 | 64.6 |
| 9.7 | 92.15 | 6.7 | 63.65 |
| 9.6 | 91.2 | 6.6 | 62.7 |
| 9.5 | 90.25 | 6.5 | 61.75 |
| 9.4 | 89.3 | 6.4 | 60.8 |
| 9.3 | 88.35 | 6.3 | 59.85 |
| 9.2 | 87.4 | 6.2 | 58.9 |
| 9.1 | 86.45 | 6.1 | 57.95 |
| 9 | 85.5 | 6 | 57 |
| 8.9 | 84.55 | 5.9 | 56.05 |
| 8.8 | 83.6 | 5.8 | 55.1 |
| 8.7 | 82.65 | 5.7 | 54.15 |
| 8.6 | 81.7 | 5.6 | 53.2 |
| 8.5 | 80.75 | 5.5 | 52.25 |
| 8.4 | 79.8 | 5.4 | 51.3 |
| 8.3 | 78.85 | 5.3 | 50.35 |
| 8.2 | 77.9 | 5.2 | 49.4 |
| 8.1 | 76.95 | 5.1 | 48.45 |
| 8 | 76 | 5 | 47.5 |
| 7.9 | 75.05 | 4.9 | 46.55 |
| 7.8 | 74.1 | 4.8 | 45.6 |
| 7.7 | 73.15 | 4.7 | 44.65 |
| 7.6 | 72.2 | 4.6 | 43.7 |
| 7.5 | 71.25 | 4.5 | 42.75 |
| 7.4 | 70.3 | 4.4 | 41.8 |
| 7.3 | 69.35 | 4.3 | 40.85 |
| 7.2 | 68.4 | 4.2 | 39.9 |
| 7.1 | 67.45 | 4.1 | 38.95 |
| 4 | 38 |
Advantages and Disadvantages of the CGPA System
CBSE Class 12 CGPA system has several advantages and disadvantages. CGPA system reduces marks pressure on students but at the same time it does not evaluate the actual performance of the students. The advantages and disadvantages of the CBSE Class 12 CGPA system are mentioned below.
Advantages
CBSE Class 12 CGPA-based Grading System has following advantages:
- Students have the opportunity to analyze and assess their strengths and weaknesses, enabling them to work on areas that require improvement.
- One of the major advantages of CGPA is that it alleviates the pressure associated with obtaining high marks since the actual scores are not explicitly mentioned on report cards.
Disadvantages
The following are the disadvantages of the CBSE Class 12 Grading System:
- CGPA does not accurately reflect students' true performance levels.
- The grading system can lead to decreased motivation among students, as they may be inclined to put forth less effort, knowing that they can still achieve the desired grade even with a few mistakes.
Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Papers
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. What is CGPA in CBSE Class 12?
Ans. CGPA stands for Cumulative Grade Point Average. It is a standardized measure of a student's overall academic performance in the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Class 12 exams. CGPA is calculated based on the grades obtained by a student in their main five subjects. Here's how CGPA is calculated in CBSE Class 12:
- Grade Points: Each subject is assigned a specific grade based on the student's performance. The grades range from A1 to E, with A1 being the highest and E the lowest. Each grade corresponds to a certain grade point.
- Average Grade Point: The average grade point is calculated by adding the grade points obtained in the main five subjects and dividing the sum by 5.
Formula: CGPA = (Sum of Grade Points in Main 5 Subjects) / 5
CGPA provides a standardized representation of a student's academic achievements, making it easier to compare performance across different subjects. It is widely used in the CBSE system for reporting and assessing academic performance.
Ques. What happens if a student scores an 'E' grade in CBSE Class 12?
Ans. If a student scores an 'E' grade in CBSE Class 12, it indicates that the student has failed in that particular subject. In the CBSE grading system, 'E' is the lowest grade, and it is assigned to students who do not meet the minimum passing criteria for a subject.
When a student receives an 'E' grade, they may need to take corrective measures, such as appearing for compartment exams by re-evaluating their approach to that specific subject. Compartment exams are additional exams conducted by the board for students who have failed in one or more subjects. By passing the compartment exams, students have the opportunity to improve their grades and overall performance in the CBSE Class 12 exams.
It's important for students who receive 'E' grades to consult with their teachers, school authorities to understand the specific steps they need to take for improvement and to address any academic challenges they may be facing.
Ques. How are grades distributed in the CBSE Class 12 system?
Ans. In the CBSE Class 12 system, grades are distributed based on a predetermined scale. The grading system is designed to provide a standardized assessment of students' performance. Here is an overview of how grades are distributed in the CBSE Class 12 system:
- Grades: Grades range from A1 to E, with A1 being the highest and E the lowest.
- Grade Points: Each grade corresponds to a specific grade point. The grade points are as follows:
- A1: 10.0
- A2: 9.0
- B1: 8.0
- B2: 7.0
- C1: 6.0
- C2: 5.0
- D1: 4.0
- D2: 3.0
- E: 2.0 (indicating failure)
- Distribution of Grades: The distribution of grades is based on the proportion of students who fall into different segments. Here is a general distribution:
- A1: Top 1/8th of the passed candidates
- A2: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- B1: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- B2: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- C1: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- C2: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- D1: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- D2: Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
- E: Failed candidates
This distribution ensures that grades are assigned based on the relative performance of students in comparison to their peers. The goal is to provide a fair and standardized evaluation of students' academic achievements.
Ques. Is there any correlation between CGPA and percentage in CBSE Class 12?
Ans. Yes, there is a direct correlation between Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) and percentage in CBSE Class 12. The CBSE provides a formula to convert CGPA to percentage, allowing students to understand their performance in terms of both the grading system and the traditional percentage system. The formula to convert CGPA to percentage is:
Percentage of Marks= CGPA×9.5
Here, CGPA is multiplied by 9.5 to obtain the equivalent percentage of marks. The scale used is based on the assumption that the highest grade, A1, corresponds to 10 CGPA, and the lowest passing grade, E, corresponds to 2 CGPA.
For example, if a student has a CGPA of 8, the equivalent percentage would be:
Percentage= 8×9.5= 76%
This conversion allows students, parents, and institutions to understand the performance in a format more commonly used and recognized, especially for college admissions and other competitive exams that may require percentage scores.
Ques. How are practical exams considered in the CBSE Class 12 Grading System?
Ans. In the CBSE Class 12 Grading System, practical exams play a significant role in assessing a student's overall performance. Practical exams typically have a specific weightage in the total marks for a subject. The weightage can vary from subject to subject. For example, practical exams for subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Computer Science carry 30 marks.
The final result for a subject is a combination of theory and practical marks. To calculate the overall Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of the student, both practical marks and theory marks are considered.
It's essential for students to perform well in both theory and practical exams to secure a higher CGPA and overall good results in the CBSE Class 12 exams.
Ques. Are marks also mentioned in the CBSE class 12 marksheet?
Ans. Yes, CBSE will provide the grades for each subject in the marksheet. The overall percentage and division will not be mentioned in the result.
Ques. What will be my marks range if I got a B1 grade?
Ans. For B1 grade, the marks will be in the range of 71 - 80. The grade point corresponding to B1 grade is 8. If your overall CGPA is 8, then, your percentage will be equal to 8*9.5 which is 76.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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