NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Biology Chapter 7: Evolution

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution are provided in this article. It covers all the important definitions, concepts, and methodologies that will be really beneficial for the students appearing for CBSE Class 12 Exam 2022-23. The important topics that are included in this chapter are:

Expected no. of Questions: 3-4 questions of around 6 marks.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 7

Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution: Important Topics

Evolution refers to a theory describing the growth and the change in the characteristics of a species as it moves from generation to generation. The growth of the species depends on the natural selection process of organisms. The important topics that are covered in this chapter are:

Origin of Life

The origin of life begins with the origin of the universe. The universe, an old vast, and empty space comprising galaxies originated around 20 billion years ago. According to some experts, life came from outer space as spores while another set of experts explained that life came from a non-cellular component such as decaying matters like mud. The latter theory came to be considered as the theory of spontaneous generation, which was discarded later.

Biological Evolution

Evolutionary biology is considered to be a branch of biology that deals with the processes that are responsible for the evolution and diversity of life on earth. It includes from the very first ancestor to all life on earth to the very first modern human ancestor.

Darwin’s Contribution

Carles Darwin, the father of evolution, has a large contribution to the establishment of the theory of evolution. His theory helped in removing all the conventional old beliefs which said that the formation of various species was a supernatural phenomenon or act of the Almighty.

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
After performing gel electrophoresis, a student observes that DNA fragments are not visible.
Suggest a reason for this and explain how fragments can be made visible.
Also explain how a specific DNA fragment can be collected from the gel for further use.
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2.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
India is one of the megadiverse countries housing around 8·1 per cent of global species diversity, although its land area is only 2·4 per cent of the world’s land area. Many of the species are highly threatened due to human activities like deforestation, mining and habitat fragmentation. Laws like Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 were enacted by the Government of India to preserve our biological wealth. Various conservation measures are being implemented to save the threatened species. The following bar graph shows the number of species conserved under different biodiversity conservation methods.

Which other methods shown in the diagram are opposite to the one identified by you in question ? How are these two conservation approaches different?
(c) Write two features of Biodiversity hotspots.
(c) To which category do sacred groves belong and how do they help in bio-conservation?
3.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
The data below shows the concentration of nicotine smoked by a smoker taking 10puffs/minute.
4.
Draw a labelled two-celled structure of male gametophyte of an angiosperm.
Name the three layers that surround the cytoplasm of a male gametophyte starting from innermost to outermost layer.
(iii) Which organic material makes the outermost layer? Mention its advantage.
(iv) Why is the outermost layer of male gametophyte not continuous ?
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5.
Describe the series of experiments conducted by Frederick Griffith. Comment on the significance of the result obtained.
State the contribution of Avery, MacLeod and McCarty.
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6.
Oogenesis is a discontinuous process that begins before birth and is completed after puberty.
Trace the development of a gamete mother cell till its release from the ovary during ovulation.
Name the two pituitary hormones that play an important role in the process.
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