Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs

Ans: b) Preserve the biological diversity

Explanation: Natural resources are materials or substances found in nature that exist in the absence of human intervention. Natural resource conservation is critical for the preservation of biological diversity.

Ans: a) Maintaining the ecological processes

Explanation: Natural resources are materials or substances (biotic and abiotic) that occur naturally and without human intervention. Natural resource conservation is critical for the preservation of biological diversity and the maintenance of ecological processes.

Ans: b) International Union for Conservation of Nature

Explanation: Julian Huxley founded the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on October 5, 1948, in France. It works on environmental conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources.

Ans: d) Endangered

Explanation: Endangered species are those whose population has been reduced to a critical level and are at high risk of extinction in the wild. Brown spider monkeys, Bengal tigers, Ganga river dolphins, Indian Rhinos, Blackbuck, and other endangered species are examples.

Ans: c) Vulnerable

Explanation: Vulnerable species are those whose populations have recently declined and continue to decline, putting them at high risk of extinction in the wild. Vulnerable species include the Barasingha, Olive Ridley Turtle, Nilgiri Langur, Yak, Sloth bear, and others.

Ans: b) Rare

Explanation: Rare species are those whose members are few, live in a small geographical area, and are very uncommon, scarce, or infrequently encountered. Rare species include the Gee's Golden Langur, Malabar Giant Squirrel, Indian Giant Flying Squirrel, Dugong, and others.

Ans: d) Indeterminate

Explanation: Indeterminate species are those whose members are on the verge of extinction but whose cause is unknown; there is insufficient information available to determine their true nature. Short-eared rabbits from Sumatra, three-banded armadillos from Brazil, rhinoceros, and other intermediate species are examples.

Ans: c) Narrowly utilitarian

Explanation: Nature provides humans with numerous direct economic benefits, according to the narrow utilitarian argument. This includes all of the commercial goods produced by forests worldwide. Usually, it is for the benefit of humans.

Ans: d) 25,000

Explanation: There are approximately 25,000 plant species that contribute to traditional medicines used by indigenous peoples around the world. Traditional plants used for medicinal purposes include ginger, garlic, chamomile, tulsi, and others.

Ans: c) 25%

Explanation: Almost a quarter of all plant species are used in producing drugs currently available on the global market. Camphor tree, coca plant, poppy, turmeric, and other plants are used in the production of drugs.

Ans: b) Broadly utilitarian

Explanation: The broadly utilitarian argument states that biodiversity is important for many ecosystem services provided by nature. It entails human conservation of biodiversity because it is their moral responsibility and they benefit greatly from nature.

Ans: c) Bioprospecting

Explanation: Bioprospecting is the study of molecular, genetic, and species-level diversity, as well as the search for plant and animal species for economically important products such as medicinal drugs and other commercially valuable compounds. The compounds investigated are used in a variety of fields, including academia, agriculture, bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, nanotechnology, and industrial applications.

Ans: b) 20%

Explanation: The Amazon rainforest, also known as the Amazon Jungle or Amazonia, is the world's largest tropical rainforest. The Amazon forest releases approximately 20% of the total oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis.

Ans: d) Complete use of natural resources

Explanation: Natural resources are materials or substances found in nature that exist without the intervention of humans. These resources can be saved if they are used wisely.

Ans: b) 1, 3 and 4 only

Explanation: India's tiger reserves were established in 1973 and are managed by Project Tiger, which is overseen by the National Tiger Conservation Authority. Tiger reserves were designated in 50 protected areas up until 2018. Bandipur, Manas and Sunderbans are among the many tiger reserves in India.

Ans: c) Acidic

Explanation: Lime helps plants by raising the pH of the soil. Most vegetables grow in a slightly acidic to neutral soil, hence lime is added to raise the pH of the soil. 

Ans: b) Cryopreservation

Explanation: Ex-situ conservation refers to the preservation of biological diversity components outside their natural habitats. These strategies include the establishment of botanical gardens, conservation strands, zoos, DNA banks, and cryopreservation.

Ans: a) Species

Explanation: The basic unit of taxonomy is species. It is a taxonomic rank and the fundamental unit of classification, as well as of biodiversity.

Ans: b) Reducing fossil fuel consumption

Explanation: The burning of fossil fuels releases toxic gases that are harmful to the atmosphere. Therefore, reducing fossil fuel consumption is an ideal step to control global warming.

Ans: a) Species richness

Explanation: Species richness refers to the number of species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region. The measurement of biodiversity can be done in 2 ways: Species richness and Species evenness.

Ans: a) In situ conservation

Explanation: In-situ conservation refers to conserving the species in their natural habitats. It ensures biodiversity conservation. For example National parks.

Ans: c) Extinct

Explanation: Dodo is an extinct species of flightless bird that inhabited Mauritius island in the Indian Ocean

Ans: a) within community

Explanation: The biodiversity within the community is alpha diversity. It is expressed by the species richness of a particular area. It also acts as a tool for biodiversity measurement.

Ans: a) In situ conservation

Explanation: Beta diversity refers to the biodiversity in a range of communities.

Ans: a) In situ conservation

Explanation: Fungi represent the highest number of species in the entire world. Around 1,00,000 fungi species have been described by taxonomists but the global biodiversity of the fungi kingdom is more diverse.