CBSE Class 12 2025 Economics 58-6-2 Question Paper Set-2: Download Solutions with Answer Key

CBSE CLASS XII Questions

• 1.

  Refer the given image carefully:

  

  Explain any two measures that can be taken by the Central Bank to control the indicated macroeconomic problem.

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• 2.

  Read the following statements carefully:
  Statement 1: Under the flexible exchange rate system, a deficit or surplus in the Balance of Payments is automatically corrected.
  Statement 2: Under the flexible exchange rate system, there is always a possibility of over/under valuation of currency.
  In the light of the above given statements, choose the correct option from the following:

  • Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.
    
  • Statement 1 is false and Statement 2 is true.
    
  • Both Statements 1 and 2 are true.
    
  • Both Statements 1 and 2 are false.
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• 3.

  Refer the given text carefully: According to the Economic Survey 2024-25, the government budget’s projections for the fiscal year 2025-26 indicate that gross direct tax revenue will rise by 12.7%, while gross indirect tax collections are expected to grow by 8.3% relative to FY 2024-25. Direct taxes include income tax and corporate tax, reflecting earnings and profits of households and firms. It plays a key role in revenue growth of the government. Indirect taxes encompass Goods and Services Tax (GST), custom duties and other transaction-based levies. Higher growth rate projected for direct taxes suggests a push to enhance tax buoyancy through improved compliance and reforms. On the other hand, indirect taxes are expected to benefit from consumption trends and Goods and Services Tax (GST) administration improvements. The balance tax strategy aims to mobilize resources while supporting fiscal consolidation and sustainable economic growth. On the basis of the above passage and common understanding, answer the following questions: (i) Differentiate between the two types of taxes indicated in the above text, with suitable examples. (ii) Elaborate the likely consequences of the tax projections made by the government.

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• 4.

  Read the following text carefully:
  The Union Budget 2025-26 proposed a significant package for rural India allocating ₹ 1.88 lakh crore to drive comprehensive development. The budget emphasises on boosting employment, women employment, education and infrastructure in rural areas, reflecting the government's commitment for a stronger, self-reliant rural economy. The extension of Jal-Jeevan Mission until 2028, with focus on achieving 100% rural water supply coverage and enhancing infrastructure maintenance. Broadband connectivity is set to expand under the Bharatnet project, providing internet access to all rural government secondary schools and primary health care centres.
  Also, the budget highlights major rural schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana which has provided all-weather roads to rural areas. The Pradhan Mantri Grameen Awaas Yojana, which has delivered housing to economically weaker sections. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) continues to secure rural livelihoods with an allocation of ₹ 86,000 crore in FY 2024-25. On the basis of the above text and common understanding, answer the following questions:

  • [(i)] Explain the significance of rural development.
  • [(ii)] Discuss any two policies initiated by Government of India for rural development.

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• 5.

  Read the following text carefully: To ensure inclusive and quality education for all, the Indian government has launched several important schemes. These schemes aimed at improving access, equity, and learning outcomes, especially among disadvantaged groups. The Right to Education (RTE) Act, passed by the India Parliament on August 4, 2009, guarantees free and compulsory education to every child between 6-14 years of age. It ensures that all children have access to education in neighbourhood schools, until they complete elementary education. Another key initiative is Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA). It was introduced in 2001. It is one of India’s flagship programmes for the Universalisation of Elementary Education. Digital India Campaign, launched on July 1, 2015, focuses on transforming India into a digitally empowered society by improving mobile and internet connectivity, particularly in rural and remote regions. This initiative supports digital learning & access to educational resources. Through these initiatives, the government strives to create an equitable, accessible & quality driven educational environment for all children, laying a strong foundation for national development. On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions: (i) Identify, which law guarantees free and compulsory education upto the age of 14 years. Explain, how does it help in enhancing access to education. (ii) In your opinion, how has the increase in public spending on education contributed to India’s social and economic transformation? Support your answer with valid arguments.

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• 6.

  "The Restrictive policies under the colonial government adversely affected the structure, composition and volume of India's foreign trade." Justify the above statement with valid explanation. OR Explain the main objectives and impacts of land settlement policies implemented under the British government rule.

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