CBSE Class 12 2025 Geography  Set -2 (64-2-2) : Download Answer Key and Solution PDF

The concept of `Neodeterminism' was introduced by Griffith Taylor. Neodeterminism, also known as stop-and-go determinism, is a geographical theory that suggests that while the environment sets certain constraints or limitations, human beings have the ability to adjust and make choices within those constraints. This concept bridges the gap between environmental determinism and possibilism. Griffith Taylor, an Australian geographer, is credited with developing this theory to explain the interaction between human societies and their environments. Quick Tip: When studying geographical theories, it's helpful to understand the key figures and their contributions. Griffith Taylor's Neodeterminism is an important concept that balances environmental influences with human agency.

The definition of human geography as “the synthetic study of relationship between human societies and earth’s surface” was given by Richard Hartshorne. Hartshorne, an American geographer, emphasized the importance of understanding the spatial relationships and interactions between human societies and their environments. His work has been influential in shaping the field of human geography. Quick Tip: When studying definitions in geography, it's important to associate them with the correct geographers. Richard Hartshorne's contributions are foundational in understanding the scope and methodology of human geography.

The core concern of geography as a discipline is to understand the earth as the home of human beings and its sustainability. Geography focuses on the interactions between humans and their environment, emphasizing the importance of sustainability and the ways in which human activities impact the planet. This holistic approach helps in addressing global challenges such as climate change, resource management, and environmental conservation. Quick Tip: Geography integrates both physical and human aspects to study the Earth. Understanding sustainability and human-environment interactions is crucial for addressing contemporary global issues.

Inland ports are characterized by the following features:

(i) They are located away from the sea coast.

(ii) They are linked to the sea by inland water bodies such as rivers or canals.

(iii) They are accessible by flat-bottomed ships or barges, which are suitable for navigating shallow waters.

(iv) Kochchi, Aden, and Honolulu are not examples of inland ports; they are coastal ports. Therefore, statement (iv) is incorrect.

Thus, the correct option is (A) Only (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct. Quick Tip: When identifying inland ports, remember they are located inland and connected to the sea via rivers or canals. Coastal ports, on the other hand, are directly on the sea coast.

Assertion (A) is correct because international trade can indeed be detrimental to nations, especially if it leads to economic dependence or trade imbalances. Reason (R) is also correct as it explains that such dependence can lead to exploitation by more dominant trading partners. Therefore, (R) is the correct explanation of (A), making option (A) the correct choice. Quick Tip: When evaluating assertions and reasons, ensure that the reason logically explains the assertion. In this case, the potential for exploitation through dependence is a valid explanation for the detriments of international trade.

The correct option to fill the blank is (C) foreign trade policy. In modern times, trade is a fundamental aspect of the world’s economic organization and is closely related to the foreign trade policies of nations. These policies govern how countries engage in trade with each other, including regulations, tariffs, and trade agreements, which are crucial for international economic relations. Quick Tip: Understanding the role of foreign trade policies is essential in grasping how nations regulate and benefit from international trade. These policies influence economic growth, employment, and global market dynamics.

The correct order from the oldest to the newest town is:

(iii) Patna - One of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world, with a history dating back to ancient times.

(iv) Lucknow - Established in the 18th century as the capital of the Awadh region.

(i) Chennai - Founded in the 17th century by the British as a trading post.

(ii) Gandhinagar - Established in the 1960s as the capital of Gujarat.

Thus, the correct sequence is (iii), (iv), (i), (ii). Quick Tip: When arranging towns or cities by historical evolution, consider their founding dates and significant historical events associated with them. This helps in understanding their development over time.

The correct option is (C) Only (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.


(ii) Urban settlements are generally compact and larger in size. This is true as urban areas are characterized by higher population density and larger geographical spread compared to rural areas.
(iii) They are engaged in a variety of non-agricultural activities. Urban settlements are hubs for industries, services, and other non-agricultural activities.
(iv) The urban settlements have direct relation with rural settlements. Urban and rural settlements are interdependent, with urban areas often relying on rural areas for resources and rural areas depending on urban centers for goods and services.


Statement (i) All urban settlements are manufacturing centres. is incorrect because not all urban settlements are manufacturing centers; many are focused on services, trade, and other activities. Quick Tip: When analyzing statements about urban settlements, consider the diversity of functions and the interdependence between urban and rural areas. Not all urban areas are industrial; many serve as administrative, commercial, or cultural hubs.

Assertion (A) is correct because the agriculturally rich states of Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh are indeed facing a crisis of groundwater depletion due to extensive agricultural activities. Reason (R) is also correct as it accurately explains that the depletion is primarily due to the fact that more groundwater is being utilized for irrigation than is being recharged naturally. Therefore, (R) is the correct reason for (A), making option (A) the correct choice. Quick Tip: When evaluating assertions and reasons, ensure that the reason logically explains the assertion. In this case, the overuse of groundwater for irrigation leading to depletion is a direct and accurate explanation.

The correct option is (D) (ii), (iii) and (iv) only are correct.


(ii) Introduction of canal irrigation has brought perceptible changes in the agricultural economy of the command area. This is true as the canal irrigation has significantly transformed the agricultural practices and productivity in the region.
(iii) Spread of canal irrigation has led to increase in cultivated area and crop intensity. The availability of water through the canal has enabled the cultivation of more land and increased the intensity of cropping.
(iv) Traditional crops of jowar, bajra has been replaced by rice and wheat etc. The introduction of irrigation has allowed for the cultivation of water-intensive crops like rice and wheat, replacing traditional drought-resistant crops.


Statement (i) Indira Gandhi Canal project was conceived by Kanwar Sain in 1950 and it was launched in 1961. is incorrect because while Kanwar Sain did play a role in the planning, the project was officially launched in 1958, not 1961. Quick Tip: When studying large-scale irrigation projects like the Indira Gandhi Canal, focus on their impact on agricultural practices, crop patterns, and regional economies. Understanding the historical context and the changes brought about by such projects is crucial.

(i) is correct as India has a long coastline surrounded by the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal.

(ii) is correct because India has several well-developed sea ports, such as Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.

(iii) is incorrect; Kandla port primarily handles petroleum products, chemicals, and grains, not iron-ore.

(iv) is correct as water transportation is cost-effective for voluminous and heavy goods.

Thus, the correct option is (A) Only (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct. Quick Tip: When evaluating statements about India's trade and ports, consider the specific roles and commodities handled by major ports. This helps in understanding their significance in international trade.

The correct option is (A) Only (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.


(i) They have dilapidated houses with poor ventilation. This is true as slums are often characterized by poorly constructed and maintained housing with inadequate ventilation.
(ii) The basic facilities like lights and toilets are difficult to get. Basic amenities are often lacking in slum areas, making living conditions challenging.
(iii) Hygienic conditions and drinking water are improper. Slums typically suffer from poor sanitation and lack of access to clean drinking water.


Statement (iv) Better drainage facilities are available. is incorrect because slums usually have inadequate or poor drainage systems, leading to waterlogging and unsanitary conditions. Quick Tip: When analyzing living conditions in slums, consider the lack of basic infrastructure and services. Understanding these challenges is crucial for addressing urban poverty and improving living standards.

The watershed management programme in Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh is funded by the Ministry of Rural Development. This ministry focuses on initiatives aimed at improving rural infrastructure, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability, including watershed management projects. Quick Tip: Watershed management programmes are often funded by ministries that focus on rural development and environmental sustainability, as they aim to enhance water resources and agricultural productivity in rural areas.

Local names like Panna, Para, Palii, Nagla, Dhani etc. are examples of Hamleted settlements. In hamleted settlements, the village is divided into several units physically separated from each other, often bearing distinct names. This type of settlement is common in areas with fragmented landholdings or where social and cultural factors influence settlement patterns. Quick Tip: Understanding the types of rural settlements helps in analyzing the social and geographical factors influencing settlement patterns. Hamleted settlements are characterized by physical separation and distinct names for each unit.

The correct option is (D) Other commodities. From the table, the percentage share of "Other commodities" decreased from 1.1% in 2015-16 to 0.5% in 2016-17, which is the maximum decline among the given categories. Quick Tip: When analyzing trends in data tables, focus on the changes in percentage points over the specified time period to identify the maximum increase or decrease.

The correct option is (A) Agriculture and allied products. From the table, the percentage share of "Agriculture and allied products" increased from 9.9% in 2010-11 to 12.3% in 2016-17, indicating an increase in export share. Quick Tip: To determine increases or decreases in export shares, compare the percentage values across the specified years for each category.

The correct option is (C) Manufactured goods. From the table, the percentage share of "Manufactured goods" increased continuously from 67.4% in 2009-10 to 73.6% in 2016-17, showing a consistent upward trend. Quick Tip: For questions about continuous trends, look for categories that show a steady increase or decrease over multiple time periods without any reversals.

Poaching has had a devastating impact on wild animals. It has led to the extinction or endangerment of many species. Illegal hunting disrupts ecosystems and reduces biodiversity. Poaching often targets animals for their valuable parts, such as ivory, fur, or horns, which are sold on the black market. This not only threatens the survival of specific species but also affects the balance of natural habitats, leading to broader environmental consequences. Quick Tip: Understanding the impact of poaching involves recognizing both the direct effects on animal populations and the broader ecological consequences.

In early times, hunting was limited due to the use of primitive tools made of stones, twigs, or arrows. These tools were not very efficient, which restricted the number of animals that could be hunted. Additionally, early humans had a deep reliance on their immediate environment and practiced sustainable hunting to ensure that animal populations were not depleted. The limited technology and the need to maintain a balance with nature kept hunting activities in check. Quick Tip: Early hunting practices were influenced by the available technology and the necessity to live in harmony with nature, which naturally limited the scale of hunting.

Early humans depended on their immediate natural environment because they lacked the technology and knowledge to manipulate their surroundings extensively. They relied on hunting wild animals and gathering edible plants for food, shelter, and clothing. This direct dependence was essential for their survival, as they needed to utilize the resources available in their vicinity to meet their basic needs. The immediate environment provided all the necessary resources for sustenance and protection. Quick Tip: Early human survival strategies were closely tied to the natural resources available in their immediate surroundings, highlighting the importance of the environment in shaping human development.

The decrease in cultivable waste land from 1950-51 to 2014-15 can be attributed to the conversion of such lands into agricultural use. Over the years, advancements in agricultural technology, irrigation facilities, and land reclamation projects have enabled farmers to bring more previously uncultivated or underutilized land into productive use. This has reduced the proportion of land classified as cultivable waste. Quick Tip: Understanding changes in land use categories involves considering technological advancements and policy measures that influence agricultural practices.

The increase in current fallow land from 1950-51 to 2014-15 can be due to several factors, including soil fertility management practices. Farmers may leave land fallow to allow it to recover its fertility naturally. Additionally, economic factors such as fluctuating crop prices and input costs can lead farmers to temporarily leave land uncultivated. Changes in agricultural policies and water availability issues might also contribute to this trend. Quick Tip: Current fallow land increases can be influenced by both agronomic practices and socio-economic factors affecting farming decisions.

The continuous increase in net area sown from 1950-51 to 2014-15 is primarily due to the expansion of agricultural activities and the intensification of farming practices. Improved irrigation facilities, better seeds, and the use of fertilizers and pesticides have made it possible to cultivate more land. Additionally, government policies aimed at increasing agricultural productivity and food security have encouraged the conversion of non-cultivable and fallow lands into productive agricultural land. Quick Tip: The increase in net area sown reflects the impact of technological advancements and policy interventions aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity.

The Rhine River primarily flows through Germany. A significant portion of its course is within German territory, making it the country where most of the Rhine River lies. Quick Tip: When identifying the primary country of a river's course, consider the length of the river within each country's borders.

Two countries whose industrial areas are connected by the Rhine River are Germany and Switzerland. The Rhine serves as a vital waterway for transporting goods between these industrial regions. Quick Tip: The Rhine River is a crucial transportation route in Europe, linking several industrial hubs across multiple countries.

The Rhine River is the world's most heavily used waterway due to its strategic location and extensive network connecting major industrial and commercial centers in Europe. It facilitates the efficient transport of goods, including raw materials and finished products, between countries. The river's navigability, supported by a series of locks and canals, enhances its utility for trade and commerce. Quick Tip: The Rhine's importance as a waterway is amplified by its role in international trade and its integration with other transport networks in Europe.

The Rhine waterway begins in the upstream in **Switzerland**. The river originates in the Swiss Alps, specifically in the canton of Graubünden. Quick Tip: Understanding the origin of major rivers helps in grasping their geographical and economic significance.

The major sea port where the Rhine River falls into the North Sea is **Rotterdam**, located in the Netherlands. Rotterdam is one of the largest and busiest ports in the world. Quick Tip: Major ports at river mouths are crucial for international trade and commerce, serving as gateways for goods transported via rivers.

The Rhine River is significant as a water highway of commerce due to its extensive network that connects major industrial and commercial centers in Europe. It facilitates the efficient transport of goods, including raw materials and finished products, between countries. The river's navigability, supported by a series of locks and canals, enhances its utility for trade and commerce. Additionally, the Rhine's integration with other transport networks, such as railways and roads, makes it a vital component of Europe's logistics and supply chain infrastructure. Quick Tip: The Rhine's role in commerce is amplified by its strategic location and the economic activities it supports along its course.

The distribution of the world population is significantly influenced by climate, water availability, and soil fertility. These factors determine the suitability of a region for human habitation and agricultural activities.


Climate: Regions with moderate climates, such as temperate zones, are more densely populated. Extreme climates, like deserts and polar regions, are sparsely populated due to harsh living conditions.
Water Availability: Access to fresh water is crucial for drinking, agriculture, and industry. River valleys and areas with abundant rainfall tend to have higher population densities.
Soil Fertility: Fertile soils support agriculture, which is essential for food production. Regions with fertile soils, such as river basins and plains, are often densely populated.


These factors collectively influence where people settle and how populations are distributed across the globe. Quick Tip: When analyzing population distribution, consider how environmental factors like climate, water, and soil interact to create habitable and productive regions.

The demographic transition theory describes the transformation of countries from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as they develop economically. The three stages are:


Stage 1 - High Stationary: Both birth and death rates are high, resulting in a stable or slowly growing population. This stage is characteristic of pre-industrial societies.
Stage 2 - Early Expanding: Death rates decline due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and food supply, while birth rates remain high. This leads to rapid population growth.
Stage 3 - Late Expanding: Birth rates begin to decline due to factors such as increased access to contraception, urbanization, and changes in social norms. Population growth slows down.


These stages help explain the demographic changes that occur as societies develop. Quick Tip: Understanding the demographic transition theory helps in analyzing population trends and planning for future demographic changes.

State Highways in India are crucial for intra-state connectivity and play a significant role in the transportation network. The main features include:


Connectivity: State Highways connect major cities, towns, and districts within a state, facilitating the movement of people and goods.
Maintenance: These highways are maintained by the respective state governments, ensuring regular upkeep and development.
Length and Coverage: State Highways vary in length and cover extensive areas, linking rural and urban regions.
Integration with National Highways: They often intersect with National Highways, enhancing the overall road network and connectivity.


State Highways are essential for economic development, providing access to markets, healthcare, education, and other services. Quick Tip: State Highways are vital for regional development and are integral to the broader transportation infrastructure in India.

To address the problems of urban waste disposal in India, the following measures can be implemented:


Waste Segregation at Source: Encourage households and businesses to segregate waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and hazardous categories. This facilitates easier recycling and disposal.
Recycling and Composting: Promote recycling of materials like plastics, metals, and paper. Encourage composting of organic waste to reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Educate citizens about the importance of waste management and the benefits of reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
Infrastructure Development: Invest in modern waste treatment facilities, including waste-to-energy plants, sanitary landfills, and recycling centers.
Strict Enforcement of Regulations: Implement and enforce strict waste management laws and regulations to ensure compliance by individuals and industries.
Community Participation: Involve local communities in waste management initiatives to foster a sense of responsibility and collective action.
Technological Solutions: Adopt advanced technologies for waste processing and disposal, such as automated sorting systems and bio-methanation plants.
Incentives for Waste Reduction: Provide incentives for businesses and individuals who adopt sustainable waste management practices. Quick Tip: Effective urban waste management requires a combination of policy measures, technological advancements, and active community participation.

Amartya Sen's approach to human development emphasizes expanding people's freedoms and capabilities to lead the lives they value. This approach focuses on enhancing individual well-being through education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.

The four major aspects of human development are:


Equity: Ensuring fair access to resources and opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their background.
Sustainability: Promoting development that meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.
Productivity: Enhancing people's ability to contribute to the economy through education and skill development.
Empowerment: Enabling individuals to participate in decision-making processes that affect their lives.


Sen's approach advocates for policies that prioritize these aspects to achieve comprehensive human development. Quick Tip: Amartya Sen's capability approach highlights the importance of freedoms and opportunities in achieving human development, focusing on both individual and collective well-being.

The service sector has become a dominant component of the global economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Its growth is driven by technological advancements, globalization, and increasing demand for services such as finance, healthcare, education, and IT.


Economic Contribution: The service sector accounts for a large share of GDP in both developed and developing countries.
Employment: It provides employment to a substantial portion of the workforce, including high-skilled and low-skilled jobs.
Innovation: The sector fosters innovation, particularly in technology and communication, driving economic growth.
Global Trade: Services such as tourism, finance, and IT are key components of international trade.


The service sector's growth reflects the shift from industrial to knowledge-based economies, highlighting its significance in global economic development. Quick Tip: The service sector's expansion is a hallmark of modern economies, emphasizing the importance of knowledge, technology, and innovation in economic growth.

Transport and communication services are vital for the functioning of the global economy, facilitating the movement of goods, people, and information.


Economic Integration: Efficient transport networks enable global trade, connecting producers and consumers across regions.
Communication: Advances in communication technology have revolutionized business operations, enabling real-time collaboration and information exchange.
Infrastructure Development: Investment in transport and communication infrastructure stimulates economic growth and regional development.
Globalization: These services are crucial for globalization, supporting international trade, tourism, and cultural exchange.


The growth of transport and communication services underscores their role in enhancing connectivity and economic integration worldwide. Quick Tip: Transport and communication services are the backbone of globalization, enabling seamless interaction and exchange across the globe.

The Indian population exhibits distinct rural and urban characteristics, influenced by socio-economic and cultural factors.


Rural Population: Predominantly engaged in agriculture, with lower literacy rates and limited access to healthcare and infrastructure.
Urban Population: More diverse economic activities, higher literacy rates, and better access to healthcare, education, and infrastructure.
Migration: Significant rural-urban migration driven by employment opportunities and better living conditions in urban areas.
Population Density: Urban areas are more densely populated, while rural areas have lower population density.


Understanding these characteristics is essential for addressing the developmental challenges and opportunities in both rural and urban areas. Quick Tip: Analyzing rural-urban population characteristics helps in formulating targeted policies to address the unique needs and challenges of each sector.

The working population in India is characterized by diverse occupational structures and demographic features.


Sectoral Distribution: A significant portion is employed in the primary sector (agriculture), with growing numbers in the secondary (industry) and tertiary (services) sectors.
Informal Employment: A large share of the workforce is engaged in informal employment, lacking job security and benefits.
Gender Disparities: There are notable gender disparities in workforce participation, with lower female participation rates.
Skill Levels: Varied skill levels, with a need for enhanced vocational training and education to meet industry demands.


Understanding the composition of the working population is crucial for labor market policies and economic planning. Quick Tip: The composition of the working population reflects the economic structure and labor market dynamics, highlighting areas for policy intervention and development.

Large scale manufacturing industries are characterized by several key features:


High Capital Investment: These industries require substantial financial resources for setting up infrastructure, machinery, and technology.
Advanced Technology: They utilize sophisticated machinery and automation to enhance production efficiency and output quality.
Large Workforce: These industries employ a significant number of workers, often requiring specialized skills and training.
Economies of Scale: Large scale production allows for cost advantages due to the spread of fixed costs over a larger output.
Global Supply Chains: They often operate within global networks, sourcing raw materials from various countries and distributing products worldwide.
Regulatory Compliance: These industries must adhere to stringent regulations regarding environmental standards, labor laws, and safety protocols.
Research and Development: Continuous innovation and R&D are crucial for maintaining competitiveness and adapting to market changes. Quick Tip: Understanding the features of large scale manufacturing helps in appreciating their role in global economies and their impact on employment, technology, and trade.

High Tech industries are distinguished by the following features:


Innovation and R&D: These industries are heavily reliant on continuous research and development to innovate and improve products.
Skilled Workforce: They employ highly educated and skilled professionals, including engineers, scientists, and IT specialists.
Advanced Technology: Utilization of cutting-edge technology and state-of-the-art equipment is a hallmark of these industries.
High Capital Intensity: Significant investment in technology, infrastructure, and human capital is required.
Global Market Reach: High Tech industries often operate on a global scale, with products and services marketed internationally.
Rapid Product Life Cycles: The fast pace of technological advancement leads to shorter product life cycles and frequent updates.
Interdisciplinary Collaboration: These industries often involve collaboration across various fields such as IT, biotechnology, and engineering. Quick Tip: High Tech industries are pivotal in driving technological progress and economic growth, making them a key focus for national and international economic strategies.

India possesses a diverse range of mineral resources, but their distribution is highly uneven across the country. Key points to consider include:


Regional Concentration: Certain regions, such as Jharkhand, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh, are rich in minerals like coal, iron ore, and bauxite, while others have limited mineral resources.
Geological Factors: The uneven distribution is largely due to geological formations and historical processes that concentrated minerals in specific areas.
Economic Implications: This uneven distribution affects regional development, with mineral-rich areas often experiencing more industrial activity and economic growth.
Environmental Impact: Intensive mining in concentrated areas can lead to environmental degradation and socio-economic challenges.
Policy Considerations: Effective resource management and equitable distribution policies are needed to address disparities and promote balanced regional development. Quick Tip: Understanding the spatial distribution of mineral resources is crucial for planning sustainable development and addressing regional disparities.

The conservation of mineral resources is essential for sustainable development due to the following reasons:


Finite Nature: Minerals are non-renewable resources, and their over-exploitation can lead to depletion, making conservation crucial for future generations.
Environmental Protection: Mining activities can cause significant environmental damage, including deforestation, soil erosion, and water pollution. Conservation helps mitigate these impacts.
Economic Stability: Sustainable management of mineral resources ensures long-term economic stability by preventing resource exhaustion and promoting efficient use.
Technological Innovation: Conservation encourages the development of alternative materials and technologies that reduce dependency on finite mineral resources.
Policy and Regulation: Effective policies and regulations are needed to promote responsible mining practices, recycling, and the use of renewable resources. Quick Tip: Conservation of mineral resources is integral to achieving sustainable development goals, balancing economic growth with environmental and social well-being.

Here are the identifications for five of the marked geographical features:


A. Major sea port in Germany: Hamburg
B. Terminal station of Trans-Siberian Railway: Vladivostok
C. An international airport: John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York)
E. An important waterway: Panama Canal
G. An area of extensive commercial grain farming: Great Plains (USA)


These identifications are based on the typical examples of the geographical features mentioned. Quick Tip: When identifying geographical features on a map, consider well-known examples that are commonly referenced in geographical studies.

Here are the answers to any five of the questions:


29.1 Name the major seaport in Germany: Hamburg
29.2 Name the easternmost terminal station of Trans-Siberian Railway: Vladivostok
29.3 Mention an international airport in South Africa: O.R. Tambo International Airport (Johannesburg)
29.5 Name an important waterway of Egypt: Suez Canal
29.7 Mention an area of extensive commercial grain farming of Australia: Wheatbelt (Western Australia)


These answers provide the required information for the visually impaired candidates. Quick Tip: When answering specific geographical questions, ensure the responses are precise and well-known examples to facilitate easy understanding and verification.

Here are the identifications for five of the geographical features:


30.1 Important iron ore mines in Odisha: Keonjhar
30.2 An important seaport in Kerala: Kochi
30.3 A copper mine in Rajasthan: Khetri
30.4 An Oil Refinery in Bihar: Barauni Refinery
30.5 An international airport in Punjab: Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport (Amritsar)
30.6 A state with highest density of population: Bihar
30.7 A state leading in the production of jute: West Bengal


These identifications are based on the typical examples of the geographical features mentioned. Quick Tip: When locating and labeling geographical features on a map, use well-known and significant examples to ensure clarity and accuracy.

Here are the answers to any five of the questions:


30.1 Name an important iron ore mining area in Odisha: Keonjhar
30.2 Name the main sea port of Kerala: Kochi
30.3 Mention the name of a copper mining area of Rajasthan: Khetri
30.5 Mention the name of a place where an international airport is located in Punjab: Amritsar
30.7 Which is the leading state in the production of jute? West Bengal


These answers provide the required information for the visually impaired candidates. Quick Tip: When answering specific geographical questions, ensure the responses are precise and well-known examples to facilitate easy understanding and verification.