NEET 2027 Syllabus: Subject-Wise Topics, Chapter-Wise Weightage and PDF Download

Nature of physical laws, Units and dimensions, Dimensional analysis, Errors in measurement, Significant figures

Motion in a straight line, Uniform and non-uniform motion, Relative velocity, Projectile motion, Circular motion, Scalars and vectors

Newton’s laws, Momentum and impulse, Friction, Equilibrium of concurrent forces, Circular motion dynamics

Work-energy theorem, Kinetic and potential energy, Conservation of energy, Power, Elastic and inelastic collisions

Centre of mass, Torque, Angular momentum, Moment of inertia, Rolling motion of a rigid body

Kepler’s laws, Universal law of gravitation, Gravitational potential energy, Escape velocity, Orbital velocity, Satellites and geostationary orbits

Elastic behaviour, Stress and strain, Viscosity, Surface tension, Capillarity, Fluid pressure, Bernoulli’s principle, Pascal’s law

Zeroth, First, and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, Isothermal and adiabatic processes, Heat engines, Carnot cycle, Refrigerators, Entropy

Equation of state for a perfect gas, Kinetic theory assumptions, Mean speed, RMS speed, Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of energy, Mean free path

Simple harmonic motion, Spring-mass system, Damped oscillations, Wave motion, Speed of sound, Doppler effect, Standing waves, Resonance

Coulomb’s law, Electric field and potential, Gauss’s theorem, Capacitors, Dielectrics, Energy stored in a capacitor, Van de Graaff generator

Ohm’s law, Drift velocity, Resistance, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge, Metre bridge, Potentiometer, EMF, Internal resistance

Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s circuital law, Moving coil galvanometer, Magnetic properties of materials, Hysteresis, Permanent magnets, Earth’s magnetic field

Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws, Mutual inductance, Self-inductance, AC circuits, LCR series circuit, Resonance, Power factor, Transformer

Displacement current, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio, microwave, infrared, visible, UV, X-ray, gamma), Properties of EM waves

Reflection and refraction, Lenses and mirrors, Total internal reflection, Optical instruments (microscope, telescope), Wave optics, Young’s double slit experiment, Diffraction, Polarisation

Photoelectric effect, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, de Broglie wavelength, Davisson-Germer experiment, Wave-particle duality

Rutherford model, Bohr model, Hydrogen spectrum, Nuclear composition, Radioactivity, Alpha/Beta/Gamma decay, Binding energy, Nuclear fission and fusion

Semiconductors, p-n junction diode, Rectifier, Zener diode, Transistors (n-p-n, p-n-p), Logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR), Digital circuits

Mole concept, Stoichiometry, Empirical and molecular formula, Limiting reagent, Concentration terms (molarity, molality, mole fraction)

Bohr model, Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Electronic configuration, Aufbau principle, Hund’s rule, Pauli exclusion principle, de Broglie’s hypothesis

Modern periodic table, Periodic trends, Ionisation energy, Electron affinity, Electronegativity, Atomic and ionic radii

Ionic and covalent bonding, VSEPR theory, Hybridisation (sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d), Molecular orbital theory, Hydrogen bonding, Resonance, Dipole moment

System and surroundings, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Hess’s law, Gibbs energy and spontaneity, Entropy, Standard enthalpies of formation and combustion

Law of mass action, Le Chatelier’s principle, Ionic equilibrium, Acid-base theories, pH calculations, Solubility product, Buffer solutions, Common ion effect

Oxidation state concept, Balancing redox reactions via ion-electron method, Identifying oxidising and reducing agents, Disproportionation reactions

IUPAC nomenclature, Types of isomerism, Inductive effect, Resonance effect, Hyperconjugation, Electrophile and nucleophile concepts, Purification and estimation techniques

Alkanes (conformations, reactions), Alkenes (Markovnikov’s rule, addition reactions), Alkynes, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Benzene EAS reactions, Geometrical isomerism

Types of solutions, Raoult’s law, Colligative properties (depression in freezing point, elevation in boiling point, osmotic pressure), Abnormal molar mass, Van’t Hoff factor

Electrochemical cells, Standard electrode potentials, Nernst equation, EMF calculation, Conductance, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, Batteries, Fuel cells, Corrosion

Rate of reaction, Order and molecularity, Rate law expression, Integrated rate equations (zero and first order), Half-life, Activation energy, Arrhenius equation, Collision theory

General properties of transition metals, Variable oxidation states, Magnetic properties, Colour of ions, Potassium permanganate and dichromate (preparation and uses), Lanthanides, Actinides

Werner’s theory, IUPAC nomenclature of complexes, Isomerism types (geometrical, optical, ionisation, linkage), Crystal field theory, Stability constants, Biological importance of complexes

Classification and nomenclature, SN1 and SN2 mechanisms, Elimination reactions (E1, E2), Polyhalogen compounds (DDT, chloroform, freon), Environmental effects

Preparation methods, Acidity of alcohols and phenols, Reactions of phenol (Kolbe, Reimer-Tiemann), Williamson synthesis, Industrial uses of methanol and ethanol

Nucleophilic addition reactions, Aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Clemmensen reduction, Acidity of carboxylic acids, Esterification, Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction

Classification and nomenclature, Preparation of amines, Basicity comparison, Reactions with nitrous acid, Coupling reaction, Diazonium salts and their synthetic uses

Carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, reducing/non-reducing sugars), Proteins (amino acids, peptide bond, enzyme action), Vitamins, Nucleic acids (DNA double helix, RNA types)

Characteristics of living organisms, Biodiversity, Taxonomic categories and hierarchy, Nomenclature (binomial), Taxonomical aids (herbarium, botanical gardens, museums, keys)

Whittaker’s five-kingdom classification, Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Animalia, Viruses, Viroids, Prions, Lichens

Algae (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae), Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, Alternation of generations in different plant groups

Root types and modifications, Stem modifications, Leaf venation and types, Inflorescence types, Flower parts (calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium), Fruit and seed structure, Floral formula and diagrams of families (Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Liliaceae)

Meristematic and permanent tissues, Tissue systems (epidermal, ground, vascular), Anatomy of dicot and monocot root/stem/leaf, Secondary growth in dicot stem and root

Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cell, Cell organelles (mitochondria, chloroplast, ER, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, centrosome), Cell wall, Plasma membrane (fluid mosaic model)

Carbohydrates, Proteins (primary to quaternary structure), Lipids, Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), Enzymes — nature, mechanism, inhibition, and factors affecting activity

Cell cycle phases (G0, G1, S, G2, M), Mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and its significance, Meiosis I and Meiosis II and significance for genetic variation

Diffusion and active transport, Osmosis, Water potential, Plasmolysis, Ascent of sap (cohesion-tension theory), Phloem translocation (pressure flow hypothesis), Stomatal regulation

Essential macronutrients and micronutrients, Deficiency symptoms, Nitrogen metabolism, Biological nitrogen fixation (Rhizobium, Azospirillum), Hydroponics

Light reactions (Z-scheme, photophosphorylation), Calvin cycle (C3 pathway), C4 pathway (Hatch-Slack), CAM plants, Photorespiration, Factors affecting photosynthesis rate

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, Fermentation, Respiratory quotient (RQ), ATP tally in aerobic respiration

Growth phases, Plant hormones (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ABA, ethylene) — discovery and functions, Photoperiodism, Vernalisation, Seed dormancy and germination

Pre-fertilisation structures (stamen, pistil, pollen, ovule), Pollination types (autogamy, geitonogamy, xenogamy), Double fertilisation, Post-fertilisation events (endosperm, embryo, fruit), Apomixis, Polyembryony

Mendel’s laws, Dihybrid cross, Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple alleles, Linkage and crossing over, Chromosomal theory, Sex determination, Mutations, Pedigree analysis

DNA structure (Watson-Crick model), DNA replication (semi-conservative), Transcription, Translation (genetic code, ribosomes, tRNA), RNA processing, Lac operon, Human genome project, DNA fingerprinting

Microbes in food production (curd, bread, cheese), Industrial applications (antibiotics, vitamins, enzymes), Sewage treatment (BOD), Biogas production, Biocontrol agents, Biofertilisers

Recombinant DNA technology, Restriction enzymes, Gel electrophoresis, Cloning vectors (plasmid, bacteriophage), PCR, Blotting techniques (Southern, Northern, Western)

GM crops (Bt cotton, Flavr Savr tomato), Insulin production via rDNA, Gene therapy, Molecular diagnostics (ELISA, PCR-based), Ethical issues, Bio-safety guidelines

Basis of classification, Phyla (Porifera to Chordata), Levels of organisation, Body plan, Coelom, Symmetry, Salient features of each phylum with examples

Animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, neural), Earthworm morphology and anatomy, Cockroach morphology and anatomy, Frog anatomy overview

Human alimentary canal, Digestive glands, Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, Absorption in small intestine, Assimilation, Disorders (jaundice, constipation, indigestion)

Human respiratory system, Mechanism of breathing (inspiration and expiration), Respiratory volumes and capacities, Transport of O2 and CO2, Regulation of respiration, Respiratory disorders

Blood composition (plasma, RBC, WBC, platelets), Blood groups (ABO, Rh), Coagulation, Lymph, Heart structure, Cardiac cycle, ECG, Cardiac output, Blood pressure, Circulatory disorders

Excretory organs, Nephron structure and types, Urine formation (glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, secretion), Counter-current mechanism, Regulation of kidney function (ADH, aldosterone), Disorders

Types of movement, Skeletal muscle structure (sarcomere, actin, myosin), Sliding filament mechanism, Skeletal system (bones and joints), Disorders (myasthenia gravis, tetany, arthritis, osteoporosis)

Neuron structure, Generation and conduction of nerve impulse, Synapse and neurotransmitters, CNS and PNS, Reflex arc, Sense organs — eye (accommodation, defects) and ear (structure and hearing mechanism)

Endocrine glands (pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads), Hormones and their functions, Mechanism of hormone action, Feedback regulation, Disorders

Male and female reproductive system anatomy, Gametogenesis (spermatogenesis and oogenesis), Menstrual cycle, Fertilisation and implantation, Embryonic development (morula to blastocyst), Parturition and lactation

Birth control methods (barrier, chemical, IUDs, surgical), STDs (AIDS, gonorrhoea, syphilis), MTP, Infertility causes, ART (IVF, GIFT, ZIFT, IUI), Amniocentesis

Origin of life (chemical evolution), Theories of evolution (Lamarck, Darwin), Natural selection types, Hardy-Weinberg principle, Adaptive radiation, Human evolution timeline

Common diseases (Typhoid, Pneumonia, Malaria, Dengue, Amoebiasis, Ascariasis, Ringworm), Immunity types (innate, acquired, active, passive), Vaccines, AIDS pathology, Cancer types and causes, Drugs and alcohol abuse

Organism and its environment, Adaptations, Population attributes (birth rate, death rate, age pyramid), Population growth models (exponential and logistic), Population interactions (predation, competition, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism)

Components of ecosystem (biotic, abiotic), Productivity (primary, secondary, net), Decomposition, Energy flow and trophic levels, Food chains and webs, Ecological pyramids, Nutrient cycles (Carbon, Phosphorus)

Types of biodiversity (genetic, species, ecosystem), Patterns (latitudinal gradient, species-area relationship), Threats (habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive species), In situ and ex situ conservation, Biodiversity hotspots, IUCN categories

Air, water, and soil pollution, Global warming and greenhouse effect, Ozone layer depletion (CFCs), Deforestation, Solid waste management, Biomagnification, Radioactive waste, Agrochemicals