NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Biology Chapter 13: Organisms and Population

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Jasmine Grover

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 Organisms and Population are provided in this article. This Chapter 13 comes under Unit X- Ecology and Environment. The article will provide all the important definitions, concepts, and methodologies that will be really beneficial for the students appearing for CBSE Class 12 Exam 2022-23. The important topics that are included in this chapter are:

Expected no. of Questions: 1-2 questions of around 3 marks.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 Organisms and Populations


NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 13

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Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 Organisms and Populations: Important Topics

The branch of biology involving the study of the interactions that take place between an organism and its environment is known as ecology. Any biological organization consists of 4 levels which are as Organisms, Populations, Biomes, and Communities. Let us know more about the first two levels that are- Organisms, and Populations. 

  • Organisms

An organism can be defined as a contiguous living system that lives in an environment and has the ability to adapt and retain certain structures and behaviour. For instance, fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, and humans. An organism collectively forms a population. 

  • Populations

The population is referred to as a group of individuals or organisms of any species living in a well–defined geographical area, at a specific time with the capability of interbreeding. For example, the population of deer in a forest.

  • Population Interactions

Population interactions are referred to as the interaction between different populations. There are various modes of population interactions. These include:

  • Predation: In this is a type of interaction an organism kills and feeds on another organism. The one who kills is the predator and the one who is killed is the prey.
  • Competition: This is the type of biological interaction that takes place between different animals or species in which both are harmed.
  • Parasitism: It is a type of interaction between species wherein the parasite lives inside the body of another organism and causes harm to it.
  • Commensalism: In this type of interaction, one organism benefits while the other is neither benefitted nor harmed.
  • Mutualism: This type of interaction occurs in both the species or organisms who are benefitted from each other.

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

  • 1.
    Assertion (A): Trichoderma species are free living fungi that are very common in the root ecosystems.
    Reason (R): They are effective bio-control agents of several plant pathogens.

      • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
      • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
      • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
      • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

    • 2.
      Mention the source and the functions of the above mentioned hormones.


        • 3.
          A DNA molecule is 160 base pairs long. It has 30% Guanine. How many Adenine bases are present in this DNA molecule?

            • 48
            • 64
            • 96
            • 192

          • 4.
            Assertion (A): The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a morula.
            Reason (R): The morula continues to divide and transform into trophoblast.

              • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
              • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
              • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
              • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

            • 5.
              Assertion (A) : The milk produced by transgenic cow 'Rosie' was nutritionally more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk.
              Reason (R) : It was human protein enriched milk containing human alpha lactalbumin.

                • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
                • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
                • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
                • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

              • 6.
                The idea of use and disuse of organs for evolution of organism was proposed by

                  • Charles Darwin
                  • Thomas Malthus
                  • Hugo De Vries
                  • Lamarck
                CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

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