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We all know that Animals need to sleep for a longer period than humans. Some animals are satisfied with the sleep of 14-15 hours and some animals need 4-6 months of sleep. Generally just like humans animals also need to conserve their energy for future situations only for this reason just to conserve energy and get saved from harsh and extreme winter weather animals choose to sleep and take rest in the winter season. Several patterns of sleep are acquired by different animals. There are two types of pattern: Hibernation and Aestivation.
| Table of Content |
Keyterms: Animals, Energy, Hibernation, Aestivation, Endotherms, Winter Sleep, Climate, Birds, Insects, Fishes, Mammals, Bats, Bears, Turtles, Rats
Read Also: Components of Homeostasis
Definition of Hibernation
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Hibernation is a pattern of sleep or inactivity generally seen in endotherms. This process is also called Winter Sleep, as species sleep during the winters or low-temperature seasons. Among all the animals who hibernate rodents are the animals who are considered as deepest hibernators. Other animals who hibernate are birds, insects, fishes, mammals, bats, bears, turtles, rats, etc.
Definition of Aestivation
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Aestivation is another state of sleep or inactivity that occurs in different species at different times. Animals go for Aestivation in summers or high-temperature seasons. Primarily, animals located in tropical regions or deserts opt for this kind of sleep to survive in the hot climate. Both vertebrates and invertebrates acquire this technique to save themselves from the harsh and extremely hot climate. Similar to hibernators, Species opt for this process to save their energy and retain water in their body. Animals who opt for Aestivation are Reptiles and amphibians. The best example of this process is LungFish. It can be in this state for up to three years. Aestivation is not only opted by animals, many plants also adopt this process like Guava.
Difference between Hibernation and Aestivation
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| Hibernation | Aestivation |
|---|---|
| Time of Occurrence:- Species Hibernate in Winter Season. Hibernation process is also known as winter Sleep. | Time of Occurrence:- Species in this opt for the process in the summer season. This process is also known as Summer Sleep. |
| Duration:- So Species Hibernate in Winter Season, they go for Hibernation the entire winter season even fishes go deep inside the water in winters to save themselves from freezing in harsh and extreme cold. | Duration:- Aestivation can be held for a long or short duration. In this process, during the inactivity of animals, the energy consumption in them reduces by 70-90 times as compared to their activity state. |
| Resting Place:- Now talking about resting place species who hibernate look for warm and cosy places so that they can stay warm. | Resting Place:- Species who opt for Aestivation look for places that are cool and moist as their rest places. |
| Importance:- Hibernation allows animals to stay indoors and protect themselves from freezing. | Importance:- Similarly, in Aestivation animals stay indoors and protect themselves from water loss and sustain themselves in harsh extreme hot weather. |
| Others:- Hibernation takes place in warm and cold-blooded animals like bears, mammals, birds, etc. | Others:- This occurs in cold-blooded animals like snails, earthworms, frogs, etc. |
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| Commensalism | Ecology and Enviroment | Mutualism |
| Predation | Population Interaction | Ecological Study |
Things to Remember
- To cope with the problem of food shortage during the time of Hibernation, these animals eat a lot of food and store it in the form of excessive fats. This is supplied in the form of energy when they are sleeping.
- Both aquatic and terrestrial animals undergo the Aestivation process.
- Some species of mammals go under hibernation during gestating young ones, they are born while the mother hibernates or afterwards.
- So during the hibernation process the heart rate of many species slows down to 10 beats per minute and breathing is also slow at that time.
- A black bear can gain up to 30 pounds in his pre Hibernation stage. To prepare for Hibernation animals gain weight before the process in summer and fall , the extra fat in their body helps them to be alive in harsh extreme winters. Some female bears have babies during hibernation in some cases.
Sample Questions
Ques. Name a few animals which undergo Aestivation? (1 mark)
Ans: Many aquatic and terrestrial animals undergo this process. They include snails, LungFish, earthworms, amphibians, Reptiles, Nile crocodiles, etc.
Ques. What is Aestivation? (2 marks)
Ans: Aestivation is a state of sleep or inactivity that occurs in different species at different times. Animals go for Aestivation in summers or high-temperature seasons. Primarily, animals located in tropical regions or deserts opt for this kind of sleep to survive in the hot climate. Both vertebrates and invertebrates acquire this technique to save themselves from the harsh and extremely hot climate. Species opt for this process to save energy and retain water in their body. Many plants also adopt this process like Guava.
Ques. What is Hibernation? (2 marks)
Ans: Hibernation is a pattern of sleep or inactivity generally seen in endotherms. This process is also called Winter Sleep, as species sleep during the winters or low-temperature seasons. Slow breathing and heart rate characterize this state, which results in a low metabolic rate. Among all the animals who hibernate rodents are the animals who are considered as deepest hibernators.
Ques. Name a few animals who can Hibernate? (1 mark)
Ans: Animals who hibernate are birds, insects, fishes, mammals, bats, bears, turtles, rats, frogs, squirrels, Lemurs, Polar Bear, etc.
Ques. What is the Duration Period of Hibernation and Aestivation? (2 marks)
Ans: Hibernation:- So Species Hibernate in Winter Season, they go for Hibernation the entire winter season even fishes go deep inside the water in winters to save themselves from freezing in harsh and extreme cold.
Aestivation:- Aestivation can be held for a long or short duration. In this process, during the inactivity of animals, the energy consumption in them reduces by 70-90 times as compared to their activity state.
Ques. What kind of resting place does a species find for Hibernation? (1 mark)
Ans: Now talking about resting place species who hibernate look for warm and cosy places so that they can stay warm.
Ques. What kind of animals opt for Aestivation? (1 mark)
Ans: Aestivation occurs in cold-blooded animals like snails, earthworms, frogs, etc.
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