CUET 2026 Political Science May 13 Shift 1 Question Paper- Download Answer Key and Solution PDF

Concept:
Security is a multi-dimensional concept that has evolved from focusing solely on the military defense of nations to encompassing broader threats to human life and well-being.


Step 1: Matching each Security Type to its defining focus .

Traditional Security (A): Primarily concerned with the defense of the state and its territory against external military threats.
Non-Traditional Security (B): Shifts the focus toward the protection of individuals and communities, emphasizing human existence and dignity.
Collective Security (C): An arrangement where a group of nations agrees that an attack on one member is an attack on all, ensuring a united response to aggression.
Internal Security (D): Relates to the maintenance of law and order within a nation's borders to ensure domestic peace.

The matches align with the sequence A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4. Quick Tip: To distinguish these types, remember that "Traditional" is about the map (State), while "Non-Traditional" is about the people (Human). "Collective" is always a group contract (All for one), and "Internal" is about domestic control.

Concept:
In the study of contemporary global security, "New Sources of Threat" refer to non-traditional security challenges that transcend national borders and affect the well-being of humanity as a whole. Unlike traditional threats that focus on military conflict between states, these sources are often socio-economic, environmental, or health-related in nature.


Step 1: Analyzing the specific threats.


Terrorism (1): Refers to systematic use of violence to create a climate of fear, targeting civilians to achieve political or ideological ends.
Global Poverty (2): Significant economic disparity and lack of resources that lead to instability and human suffering on a global scale.
Health Epidemics (3): The rapid spread of infectious diseases (like HIV/AIDS, bird flu, or SARS) that threaten large populations across borders.
Migration (4): Specifically uncontrolled or forced large-scale movement of people across borders due to conflict, environmental degradation, or poverty.

Since all four points are categorized as modern, non-traditional security challenges, they are all considered 'New Sources of Threat'. Quick Tip: To identify non-traditional security threats, ask if the issue affects "human security" rather than just "state security." If an issue like poverty or disease can harm millions regardless of their country's military strength, it is likely a New Source of Threat.

Concept:
The Secretary-General is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations. Understanding the chronological sequence of their tenures helps illustrate the evolution of UN leadership through various global eras.


Step 1: Determining the years of tenure for each Secretary-General listed in image_566277.jpg.

Boutros Boutros-Ghali (4): Served from 1992 to 1996.
Kofi Annan (1): Served from 1997 to 2006.
Ban Ki-moon (2): Served from 2007 to 2016.
Antonio Guterres (3): Has been serving since 2017.

Arranging these individuals based on their starting years provides the sequence: 4, 1, 2, 3. Quick Tip: To remember the recent order, use the "ABC" logic: **A**nnan came before **B**an, and **G**uterres is the most recent. Since Boutros-Ghali (4) preceded them all in the 90s, the order 4-1-2-3 is easily identified.

Concept:
International agencies are established with specific mandates to address global challenges, ranging from security and human rights to trade and public health. Matching these agencies to their primary functions requires an understanding of their institutional goals.

Step 1: Matching each international agency to its corresponding primary function.


IAEA (A): The International Atomic Energy Agency is responsible for the safety and peaceful use of nuclear energy (1).
Amnesty International (B): This non-governmental organization focuses on the protection of human rights (2).
WTO (C): The World Trade Organization deals with the rules of global trade (3) between nations.
WHO (D): The World Health Organization is the directing and coordinating authority for global health issues (4).

The matches follow the sequence A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4. Quick Tip: To remember these agencies, link the last letter of the acronym to their field: 'E' in IAEA relates to \textbf{Energy}, 'T' in WTO to \textbf{Trade}, and 'H' in WHO to \textbf{Health}. This can help you quickly confirm pairs in matching exercises.