PhD Specialization: List, Admissions, Eligibility, after MBA, in India, Fees, Jobs, Salary

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Satyam Purwar

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PhD degree or also known as doctor of philosophy, is a 3-4 years of professional and academic degree. Candidates must have a master’s degree or MPhil Degree in the area they want to specialize.

PhD Specializations are available in various fields such as Science, Commerce, Humanities, Engineering and Technology, Law, Business Management, and so on. The average fees in India is INR 50,000-2,00,000. See more: PhD Admissions

PhD Course graduate can secure jobs such as University professor, Industrial R&D Lab professionals, Start-Up mentors, Authors,, Senior research scientist and others in areas such as Universities, Colleges, Science centers, Statistical units, Plant Breeding centers, Equipment manufacturers, Newsagency, Pharmaceutical industry, Publishers, Software development, etc. The average salary one can secure is INR 4-15 LPA.

PhD Specializations: Course Highlights

PhD Humanities
  • Designed to focus on human thoughts
  • Can contribute in areas such as policy development and analysis, communications.
PhD Science
  • Focuses on experiments and observations in the field of science.
  • Can dive in subfields such as astrophysics, chemistry, mathematics, etc.
PhD Commerce
  • Focuses on sub fields such as accounting, finance, taxation, banking, etc
  • Can contribute in areas of financial policies, economy development, etc.
PhD Engineering and Technology
  • Focuses on solving complex computing problems, new computing languages, tools and methods
  • Can dive into various sub fields of engineering and technology
PhD Business Management
  • Focuses on activities associated with running a company.
  • Helps to gain knowledge of management skills required to run a business.
PhD Law
  • Focuses on research and tutorial approach of legal studies.
  • Sub fields include study of law of nations, human rights, environmental and international law, etc.
Top PhD Specializations in India

Top PhD Specializations in India

PhD Humanities

Phd in humanities is concerned with critically examining human thought and culture. The course deals with how art, music, literature, the arts, and philosophy affect the world we live in. Students pursuing a PhD focus more on abstract questions than on technical skills. 

The students would be taught in depth the development of ideas and concepts, the functioning of a society, behavioural patterns and the challenges faced, human interactions and relationships, etc. This degree teaches in depth about humanity and evolution of culture and historical events throughout the centuries. 

Name of the institution Location Average Course Fee
Gujarat University Gujarat INR 14,860
Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phoole University Rajasthan INR 45,000
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur -
Bhagwant University Rajasthan -
Birla Institute of Technology and Science Rajasthan -
Himalayan University Arunachal Pradesh INR 3,85,000
National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS) Kolkata -
Lovely Professional University (LPU) Punjab INR 3,16,000
Vel Tech Dr. RR and Dr. SR Technical University Chennai -

Admission Process

  • Admissions will be done on the basis of merit list. The merit list marks will be calculated by adding the scores secured in the entrance examination, direct interview and marks obtained in qualifying examination. 

See more: PhD Humanities Colleges

Eligibility Criteria

  • Applicant should have at least earned 55% marks and above in M.A. or any degree equivalent to Humanities (50% in the case of SC/ST candidates)
  • Applicants who have completed their Master’s degree in any relevant stream either of Science/Commerce/Engineering/Technology or MPhil Degree with an aggregate of 60% marks and above can apply for admission.
  • Clearing the entrance examination such as GATE, NET, MET, ICPR, ICSSR, CSIR, etc. is a prerequisite for admission.

PhD Science

PhD Science is a doctorate level course with a duration of 3 to 5 years , which students from MSc or MTech background can pursue. It involves candidates to research on any one of the Science specialisations like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, etc. 

The student will have to submit the research thesis at the end of the course to earn the PhD Science degree.

Name of the institution Location Average Annual Fees
St xavier college Kolkata INR 23,000 - 38,000
Loyola College Chennai INR 6,000
Madras christian college Chennai INR 36,000
Fergusson college Pune INR 52,000
Stella Marie’s Chennai INR 85,000
Presidency college Chennai INR 1,195

Admission Process

The admission process for PhD science is based on the entrance exam followed by an interview. 

  • This admission process is followed by many colleges or universities.
  • Some of the entrance exams are UGC-NET, CSIR-UGC-NET, GATE, etc

See more: PhD Science Colleges

Eligibility Criteria 

  • The eligibility criteria for PhD in science is to score an aggregate score of minimum 55% at your postgraduate level. 

PhD Commerce

Ph.D in Commerce is a doctorate course with a duration of minimum two years. certain universities require the candidates to complete the course within five years of time along with the thesis or research paper. Certain universities provide part time in PhD in commerce. 

The PhD in Commerce subjects provides a greater insight in the field of commerce and accounting, finance, forecasting, management and budgeting. The course provides better quality education to the students, who can serve the needs of business and industry management. 

After completing the course, a candidate can find jobs in fields of business, marketing and education. The most popular job positions for such candidates are lecturer, Professor, CEO, etc.

Name of the institution Location Average course Fees
Loyola College Chennai INR 18,000
Christ University Bangalore INR 30,000
KJ Somaiya College of Arts and Commerce Mumbai INR 1,99,000
Mount Carmel College Bangalore INR 90,000
Mithibai College Mumbai INR 41,000
Sri Krishna arts and science college Coimbatore -
Vels institute of science and technology Chennai INR 30,500

Admission Process

  • The admissions for PhD in commerce admissions are done mainly through entrance tests followed by a personal interview conducted by the respective university.
  • National level entrance exams such as UGC NET / UGC CSIR NET / GATE / SLET or University entrance exam are conducted for admission to PhD courses.
  • Reservations are applicable to SC / ST / EWS / OBC NCL / PwD candidates as per government rule. 

Eligibility Criteria 

  • The eligibility criteria for this course is, candidates must pursue a masters degree in commerce/ MBA/ MPhil degree with an aggregate score of 55%. 

PhD Engineering and Technology

A PhD in engineering and technology often focuses on research based education. It may involve the development of new technology or the advancing of degree programs. It can also be a program that focuses on the student's own desired focus, such as on learning a very specific area of engineering or technology. 

Ph.D. in Engineering and Technology is a 5-year course. Candidates who wish to pursue a PhD in engineering and technology Must have a cleared masters degree in Computer Science as a subject or equivalent to this degree from a recognized University.

Name of the institution Location Average annual course
Chandigarh University Chandigarh INR 2.40 LPA
Christ University Bangalore INR 2 LPA
VeermataJijabai Technological Institute Mumbai INR 1.26 LPA
Jamia Millia Islamia Chennai INR 31,810
Shiv Nadar University Noida INR 2.96 LPA
Poornima University Jaipur INR 1.75 LPA
GITAM University Visakhapatnam INR 1.54 LPA
Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad INR 3.34 LPA
Lovely Professional University Jalandhar INR 3.16 LPA
Sharda University Noida INR 1.80 LPA

Admission Process

Admission to Ph.D. in Engineering and Technology is given on the basis of entrance exams conducted by various institutes. The entrance exam is followed by a personal interview round for final allotment of seats in any institute. For admission to the Ph.D. in Engineering and Technology department minimum requirements are:

  • B.Tech/ M.Tech in any branch of Engineering/ BioTechnology and Interdisciplinary areas.
  • B.Tech/M.Tech or equivalent degree in Engineering and Technology.

Eligibility Criteria 

To pursue Ph.D. in Engineering and Technology course, the candidate should have a bachelor's degree in Engineering and Technology from a recognized university. 

PhD after MBA

PhD in Business Management is a doctorate level business management course. Business management includes the activities associated with running a company, such as controlling, leading, monitoring, organizing and planning. The duration of PhD in Business Management is 3-years. 

This course includes subjects like Banking, Accounting seminar, Global marketing seminar, Theory of finance, Advanced accounting theory, Advanced accounting theory, Seminar in banking, Strategic information systems etc. 

Name Of the institution Location Fee structure
Department of Management Studies, IIT Delhi New Delhi INR 12,900
Management Development School Gurgaon INR 2,03,000
Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies Mumbai INR 57,000
National Institute of Engineering Mumbai INR 9,000
Christ University Bangalore INR 75,000
Goa Institute of Management Goa -
Birla Institute of Management Technology Noida -
IFIM Business School Bangalore -
Xavier Institute of Management Bangalore -

PhD After MBA: Admission Process

  • Most of the colleges offer admission to this course on the basis of entrance examination and direct interviews. The admission process can vary from college to college and the minimum marks requirement in the post-graduation degree of the candidate can vary from college to college.

See more: PhD Business Management Colleges

PhD After MBA: Eligibility Criteria 

  • The basic eligibility for this course is candidates must hold a postgraduate degree in a relevant subject with at least 50% marks in aggregate from a recognized university. The minimum marks required vary from college to college.
  • Applicants should have a minimum experience of two years post their MBA or Master’s degree on the date of writing the admission test.

PhD Law

PhD in law gives the candidates to enhance their understanding of the legal studies. The students are rendered an overview of the subject, the nuances to proceed with the cases and also the tools to go about while studying a case, and the outlook required while looking into its details. 

Ph.D. in Law is a 3-year full-time doctorate programme in the field of Law. Ph.D. in law provides students with the required training which helps them pave their way in gaining exposure in their field. 

Name of the institution Location Average Course Fees
Amity University Noida INR 3,00,000
Alliance College of Law Karnataka INR 2,55,000
National Law University Kochi INR 22,000
School of Legal Studies Kochi -
South Asian University New Delhi -
Indian Law Institute – ILI New Delhi INR 97,000
Mangalayatan University Uttar Pradesh INR 3,65,000

Admission Process

  • Admission is done solely on the basis of Merit. 
  • The eligibility criterion is passing Masters or M.Phil in legal studies or laws or equivalent examination with 55% aggregate from a recognized university. 
  • They will have to pass the various state and national level examinations conducted for admission to the course

See more: PhD Law Colleges 

Eligibility Criteria 

  • Candidates should have qualified Master’s degree or M.Phil in legal studies or law in the relevant field with a minimum aggregate score of 55% and above from a recognized university.
  • Candidates should pass the entrance examination conducted by various institutions and universities.
  • They should have a minimum experience of 5 years as a professional in the field of teaching/ administration/ industry/ professional in senior level. 

Here are some more popular PhD programmes that candidates can pursue in different streams: 

PhD Specializations: Job Profiles

PhD Specializations: Job Profiles

Job role Job description Average Salary
University professor They instruct students in a wide variety of academic and vocational subjects INR 10 LPA
Start-Up Mentors They provide their perspective on the direction that a startup may take and they also advise on new ideas INR 6 LPA
Authors Authors holding a PhD degree write about the subject that interests readers and which they have done their specializations and researches INR 9 LPA
Research Scientists They are responsible for undertaking and analyzing information from investigations, experiments, and trials INR 12 LPA
FAQs
Average Salary after PhD Specializations

PhD Specializations: FAQs

Ques. Which phd specialisation pays the most?

Ans. In India, the candidates holding PhD in Science, Engineering, Technology, and Mathematics, are highly paid PhD holders.

Ques. How is PhD different from MPhil?

Ans. M.Phil is more focussed on masters in the specified field and already given thesis, whereas PhD allows one to produce the original thesis to support their work

Ques. Can I pursue a PhD after MBA?

Ans. Anyone with an MBA degree can pursue PhD. In fact, it's a good idea to do a PhD after MBA if you are interested in exploring the arena of academics or research and you can also pursue opportunities in consulting firms in the corporate sector.

Ques. Which PhD specialisation course is easy?

Ans. Education, humanities, and the social sciences are considered the easiest fields in which to pursue degrees. 

Ques. Can I do a PhD without a masters degree?

Ans. Yes, it's possible to get a PhD without first having a Masters degree. However, several students opt to bypass a Master's degree by enrolling into a doctoral programme as soon as they complete their undergraduate degree.

Ques. What is the full form of PhD?

Ans. PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy or Doctor Philosophiae.

Ques. What is the average salary package for a PhD holder?

Ans. An average salary package of a PhD holder is up to INR 4-15 LPA.

Ques. What can be done after PhD?

Ans. PhD is the highest degree till now in Indian academia, so you can go for various types of researcher jobs. 

Ques. Is it possible to pursue 2 PhD degrees? 

Ans. Absolutely, people get multiple PhDs. Having multiple PhDs is uncommon, but people do to get multiple doctorates.

Ques. Can I do a PhD through distance education?

Ans. The UGC has issued a circular stating that the degrees granted through distance education for PhD programmes will no more be recognised.

Ph.D. : 43 answered questions

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Ques. Are master's degrees from IGNOU acceptable for admission into Ph.D courses in top universities?

● Top Answer By Anumita Mukharjee on 28 Apr 22

Ans. Yes, IGNOU is UGC approved, so masters degrees from IGNOU are acceptable for Ph.D. courses in top universities.  But to get admission you will have to meet the other eligibility criteria as well. The university will check your marks, rank, average, and age. As IGNOU is an open university, there is no age bar for learning any degree. Read more
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Ques. Is a Phd from IGNOU worth it/valuable?

● Top Answer By Srabani Guha on 24 Jul 23

Ans. Recently, UGC stated that only  Full-time Phd courses will be Valid and distance PhD is no more valid. The new full-time Ph.D. course will be delivered through the New Delhi main Campus of IGNOU. This change in itself has raised the worth and credibility of a Ph.D. from IGNOU. Here are a few Ph.D. programs offered in regular mode by IGNOU Ph.D. in Dairy Science and Technology Ph.D. in Gender and Development Studies Ph.D. in Women's Studies Ph.D. in Arabic Ph.D. in French Ph.D. in Distance Education Ph.D. in Translation Studies Moreover, IGNOU is the largest open university in the world, so the credibility of any degree from here cannot be doubted. What actually matters is the level of effort you put into research in the concerned field. Try to earn your degree and not just get one.Read more
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Ques. How is the Direct PhD program of IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Arati Sinha on 29 Mar 23

Ans. If you are considering pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT-M, you might be interested in knowing about the similarities and differences between a regular Ph.D. and a direct Ph.D. Here's what you need to know: Selection Procedure: All Ph.D. candidates, whether applying for a regular or direct Ph.D., have to clear a written exam followed by an interview at the institute. Coursework: A regular Ph.D. scholar has to complete four courses, while a direct Ph.D. candidate has to complete eight courses. If you are interested in a dual degree (i.e., MS by research and Ph.D.), you will need to complete two extra courses. Comprehensive Exam: After completing the coursework (usually taking two semesters), every candidate has to undergo a comprehensive exam consisting of a written test and an interview. You will have two chances to clear the comprehensive exam. If you fail to clear the comprehensive exam, you can still obtain an MS degree and get placed or join the Ph.D. program later. The amount and quality of research work by both kinds of Ph.D. candidates are the same. Financial Assistance: A regular Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance once to attend any international conference outside India. A direct Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance twice to attend an international conference outside India. Both regular and direct Ph.D. candidates can attend any national/international conference within India once every semester with full financial assistance. Stipend: The stipend for regular Ph.D. candidates is up to five years. The stipend for direct Ph.D. candidates is up to six years. Pre-Post Doc Fellowship: If you submit your degree within 4.5 years for a regular Ph.D. or 5 years for a direct Ph.D., you are eligible for a pre-postdoc fellowship.Read more
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Ques. What is the value of a Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Karuna Nair on 13 Mar 23

Ans. If you want to achieve self-satisfaction by gaining maximum knowledge about your research area, a Ph.D. could be a great way to do so. Consider coming to IIT Bombay if you are always enthusiastic about learning something new and doing something innovative. Your work will depend on your area and how far you can reach in the industry. For example, if your area is controlled, you can reach many consulting firms or industries that deal with automation problems. In fact, my lab deals with many industrial problems related to such issues. Your work will be recognized as an asset for IITB, and research is the foremost thing that every professor looks forward to. Apart from that, you can enjoy a good life as a Ph.D. student here, with the freedom to think in many directions and develop your research skills at your own pace. A Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay is well-recognized. Many of the students, who are doing their Ph. D.s here in controls, are well settled abroad or in India, which proves the worth of this degree.Read more
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Ques. Why do some students in IIT Bombay leave high-paying jobs and join grad schools for PhD?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 23 Mar 23

Ans. It’s highly illogical to question why some students in IIT leave high-paying jobs and join graduate schools for Ph.D. This is because some people tend to do whatever makes them happy rather than following the sheep mentality. They don’t consider money as the only source of happiness. And they know that a high-paying job will rob them of mental peace due to a lot of responsibilities they might not even enjoy. So they choose a happier and simpler part which is pursuing a Ph.D. Another major reason why people may pursue a Ph.D. rather than working at a top company is their strong inclination to words academics, and they may not be satisfied with a bachelor's degree and crave higher studies in the form of PhD. Basically, the reason behind such a decision is subjective and depends solely On the particular individual, and cannot be objectified.  The common reason why people make such a decision is that they have more interest in studies and doing a job would hinder that passion. Doing a Ph.D. gives you opportunities to travel and enjoy life generally. That being said, it's not necessary that a Ph.D. is easy for everyone. It strictly depends upon one’s preferences and capabilities.Read more
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Ques. What is the placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 17 Mar 23

Ans. The placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay is generally poor, according to student feedback and departmental elections. Ph.D. students typically have very specific knowledge that may not be useful to companies, so they may not be recruited by BTech companies. There is no specific body that helps bring companies for Ph.D. students, resulting in a lack of job opportunities for graduates. Ph.D. graduates pursue two directions: Professor in a University or a specified job, but finding a job can be difficult without faculty contacts. The average salary for a Ph.D. student at IIT Bombay ranges from INR 3.4 Lakhs to INR 4.2 Lakhs per year .Read more
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Ques. Is a PhD from IGNOU valid?

● Top Answer By Pankaj Kumar on 18 Oct 22

Ans. PhD from IGNOU is as valuable as from any other university. The UGC has recently ruled that PhD from distance education is no longer valid. This is applicable to every university. PhD is valid only in regular mode. This can be both part-time or full-time. IGNOU offers both so yes PhD from IGNOU is valuable. In fact, it is more valuable than the same degree from Manipal or Lovely Professional University.  PhD from IGNOU is valuable because of the following reasons: Affordable fees  Both part-time and full-time available ( both approved by UGC) Easy distance education Can be pursued alongside a business or profession. What really matters is what you learn during your course and how you apply it.Read more
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Ques. What is the placement record of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Poornima Sahoo on 18 Mar 23

Ans. The table below shows the key placement highlights of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay. Particulars  Statistics  Median Salary INR 55.4 LPA Average Salary INR 17.9 LPA Placement Percentage 66.67% International Offers 58 Top Recruiters  Accenture | Analog Devices | Apple | CITI Bank | Google | Hindustan Unilever | HONEYWELL | IBM | ISRORead more
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Ques. How difficult is it to get a PhD from IISc Bangalore?

● Top Answer By Bidita Ghose on 14 Jul 23

Ans. Well, getting a Ph.D. from IISc is indeed difficult. In my opinion, the true meaning of a Ph.D. is investing your entire efforts, time, and knowledge in one specific region. In India though, Ph.D. is just considered a degree one can achieve by publishing some paper in some conference or journal. The quality of these papers is poor and substandard bringing down the sort of the degree.  However, IISc being a prestigious institute has managed to maintain the dignity and credibility of the degree so far. You need to prepare yourself for committing to hard work and high-level dedication. Know that your next 5-6 years will be spent proving and disproving every hypothesis possible and conducting infinite experiments. As a Ph.D. student, you will be publishing a few journals in top international forums and also writing your own thesis, which will culminate your entire work and present it before other researchers and professors of the institute. You will then be assessed thoroughly. Only after proving your point strongly and convincing them will you be able to get the degree.  During this whole time, you will face many struggles dealing with your PI and securing funds for your research work. But trust me the result will be worth the effort!Read more
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Ques. How good is doing a PhD in BITS Pilani compared to IITs?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 27 Jun 23

Ans. The mentors and research facilities at IITs are much better than at BITS Pilani. However, the passing process is as much more difficult at IITs.  BITS Pilani, on the other hand, is flexible to incorporate the changing scenario and a PhD from BITS Pilani is much more industry relevant. One of my cousins had a bad experience at BITS Pilani during his Ph.D. in the Mechanical branch. According to him, a large number of Ph.D. students in BITS Pilani drop out because of the intense pressure for producing results. PhD students are burdened with numerous tasks including the evaluation work for B.Tech. The saving grace for Ph.D. at BITS is that under a guide, your Ph.D. will be completed in 3 years like an MS from IIT. Considering my cousin’s experience, you should consult the alumni at BITS Pilani before choosing the institution for pursuing your Ph.D. Otherwise, BITS Pilani is a reputable institution and its Ph.D. degree will hold great relevance. More so, if you get the right mentors and the right facilities, the name tag of an institution becomes secondary.Read more
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