How to Become an Associate Professor: Career Guide, Courses, After 12th, Jobs, Scope, Salary

Associate Professors are hired for intermediate levels across different colleges and universities.  An Associate Professor usually has a PhD degree or other professional degrees in relevant subjects that they specialize in. The basic job of an Associate Professor includes teaching college and university level students, helping them in conducting proper research, attending conferences and seminars related to their subjects or specializations and finally supervising students.

In order to become an Associate Professor, individuals must pursue PhD degrees from any of the Top PhD Colleges across the country. Candidates aspiring to become an Associate Professor must score at least 55% in their Postgraduate degrees followed by clearing various PhD Entrance Exams (PhD ArtsPhD Sciencesuch as UGC NET, CSIR, SLET, SET etc.

The average course fee for PhD usually ranges between INR 50,000 – 1.50 LPA. The average salary for an Associate Professor is INR 8.41 LPA - INR 22.44 LPA. Read More: Salary of an Associate Professor

How to Become an Associate Professor: Quick Facts

Industry Education
Eligibility PhD in a relevant field
Average Course Fees INR 15,000 to INR 2 LPA
Average Starting Salary INR 8.41 – 22.44 LPA
Top Recruiting areas Universities, Colleges, Educational Institutes

What does an Associate Professor Do

Associate Professors typically share their research at conferences and have their work published in peer-reviewed publications. Some of the key responsibilities of an Associate Professor are listed below for your reference,

  • Creating and distributing course content, curricula, and syllabi.
  • Working with the recruitment and training of new lecturers, teaching assistants, and Professors.
  • Researching, publishing papers, and attending conferences
  • Participating in academic events and networking with other scholars and subject matter experts.
  • Supervising, advising, and guiding graduates and education personnel.
  • Attending faculty and departmental meetings.
  • Shortlisting, interviewing, and choosing graduate students.
  • Hosting guest lectures and faculty gatherings so that students may meet with experienced industry professionals.
  • Visiting other higher education institutions to get experience and broaden networks.
  • Creating bids for research funding.

How to Become an Associate Professor in India 

To become an Associate Professor in India, students can start preparations at the school level. For someone who wishes to teach Biology can pick up Science stream or someone who wishes to teach Philosophy can pick up Humanities.

  • School Level Preparation: At the school level, aspiring Associate Professors do not have to pursue any specific stream. Depending on their research area of choice, Science, Arts or Commerce can be chosen. Students can also look at enhancing their communication skills.

How to Become an Associate Professor after 12th

After completing class 12th, students need to pick up a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree to follow up. Going by the thought process mentioned above, the degree and specialisation should be in the area one wishes to teach later.

  • UG Preparation: A bachelor’s degree can be in any stream. There are Education bachelors degrees one can earn, B.Ed. Admissions are done on both merit basis and through entrance tests. As one is about to graduate, preparations for the UGC NET exam can be started. The minimum aggregate score that must be scored at this level is 55%.
  • PG Preparation: Enrolment in a master’s course should follow the pattern followed at the bachelors level. Admissions for masters courses is done mainly through entrance tests and personal interviews. In the final year, students can take the UGC NET or a related examination.

PhD Courses

In India, students can pursue any specialisation in bachelors and masters to become an Associate Professor. However, it must be followed up with a doctorate degree in the same specialisation. One can start with a masters degree as an Assistant Professor but will need work experience to become an Associate Professor. Some courses candidates can pursue are as follows.

PhD Science 

PhD Science is a three to five-year doctorate-level programme that individuals with an MSc or MTech background can pursue. It entails researching any of the Science specialisations such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and so on. To achieve the PhD Science degree, the student must submit a research thesis at the end of the course.

Eligibility criteria 

  • Students must graduate with a minimum of 55 percent aggregate grades. However, some prestigious universities need a minimum of 60% overall.
  • No backlog should exist in any subject.
  • Candidates must pass an admission exam before being interviewed by colleges or institutions.
  • PhD Science courses are open to students with an MSc, MTech, or other comparable degree.

PhD Arts

PhD Arts is a three-year doctoral programme that allows you to specialise in either Humanities courses like Psychology, History, Journalism, or Performing Arts like Music, or Visual Arts like Video, Animation, and Filmmaking.

Admission Process 

The following is the general admissions procedure:

  • Most universities accept individuals who have performed well in UGC-recognized admission examinations or National Level examinations such as UGC-NET, UGC-CSIR-NET, DBT (JRF), ICMR, and others.
  • In the event of merit-based admission, the outcome is normally declared based on the marks obtained in the qualifying examinations after the application has been processed.
  • The candidate's performance in the entrance exam determines admission.
  • For final selection, there will be a round of personal interviews. The candidate will have to describe his research idea to the panel at this stage. If the panel is satisfied, the candidate will be admitted to the course.

Eligibility criteria 

  • The candidate must hold a master's degree or equivalent in the appropriate discipline from a recognised college or institution.
  • The candidate must have graduated with a minimum of a 55 percent overall grade point average.
  • To be eligible for the course, the candidate must pass national or university level admission examinations.

PhD Commerce 

PhD in Commerce and Management is a three-year doctoral programme in commerce and business management. To be eligible for admission to the programme, you must have finished a postgraduate degree in commerce or possess an M.Phil. degree with a minimum aggregate of 55 percent marks or higher from a recognised institution listed under UGC/AIU.

Admission Process 

  • Applicants must have a Master's degree in Commerce or an M.Phil. with a minimum aggregate of 55 percent and above
  • The shortlisted applicants would have to go through Group Discussion and Personal Interview sessions organised by the individual institutions to get credibility into the candidate's strengths and qualities.
  • To compute the merit list %, the overall marks obtained in the entrance examination, GD/PI, and marks obtained at the degree level are added together.

Eligibility criteria 

The following are the qualifying requirements for admission to the PhD programme in Commerce and Management:

  1. Candidates who have completed their post-graduate degree in Commerce or M.Phil. degree with a minimum aggregate of 55% marks or higher from a recognised university listed under UGC/AIU are eligible for admission to the programme.
  2. Applicants must pass the UGC-NET examination offered at the program's admission level.
  3. Some prestigious institutions and institutions will also conduct group discussions and personal interviews.
  4. Having 4 years of relevant professional experience in either Teaching/Administration is advantageous to the programme.

How to Become an Associate Professor Abroad

Apart from India, there are several colleges abroad where students aspiring to become Associate Professors can pursue relevant courses. Studying abroad has been a dream for many students, considering the wide opportunity and the huge salary that they incur post completing their degrees. Some of the top most preferred countries by students who wish to make their career abroad are UK, USA, Canada and Australia.

The sections below will discuss all the necessary prerequisites that must be followed in order to become an Associate Professor for your reference.

  • For candidates who are already teaching in technical colleges, community colleges, a bachelors degrees and a masters degree will suffice.
  • Individuals who have years of work experience under their belt in teaching and who have a PhD degree are eligible for a professorship.
  • Individuals with doctorate degrees should have a resume of published articles and research work.
  • Some universities accept applicants in professor positions with a master’s degree.
  • In Canada, for candidates who wish to teach in Architecture, Medicine, Engineering, Law etc will require a license or certification.
  • English proficiency is a requirement for international candidates. Accepted test scores are IELTS, TOEFL, PTE etc.

Top Colleges to Become an Associate Professor 

Benefits of Career as an Associate Professor 

Teachers are a highly respectable job, being able to teach and shape the future generation. Professor jobs bring in many different expected and unexpected job benefits. Some such benefits have been discussed below.

  • Salary: Associate Professors employed in Government institutes enjoy much job security and assured salary increments. While the private counterparts start out with a much higher salary range. The average salary for a Government Associate Professor is INR 2.41 LPA. Private associate professors earn an average of INR 8.80 LPA.
  • Job Security: Associate Professor jobs are highly secure. There are regular salary increments and assured promotions to the next title after certain years of experience. Professors employed in Government institutes enjoy more job security as opposed to private institute professors.
  • Positive Impact of the Career: Professors do much more than teaching the course material to students. They shape the personalities of the students and leave them with lifelong skills. Students learn how to be self-motivated, have strong self-esteem, all of which helps immensely with their careers.
  • Higher Studies: Associate Professor jobs are assigned to candidates with a master’s degree. Accordingly, candidates can earn a doctorate degree in a chosen field of study. Upon earning a doctorate degree, candidates become eligible for higher job positions.
  • Unique Experience: Teaching is a fairly unique experience, both for the professor and the student. Professors are able to interact directly with students and get to be up to date with their chosen study area. Shaping and influencing a young student’s life is only done by parents beside a teacher.

Skills Required to Become an Associate Professor 

All successful teachers have a bank of skills that they rely on their entire careers. These skills are picked up with more experience but one can also look for online certificate courses. The table below lists the top skills Associate Professors must have.

Research skills Analytical abilities
Strong orator Solid work ethic
Dedicated and passionate about teaching Organized
Ability work with a lot of people Self-motivated

Salary of an Associate Professor 

The salary of an Associate Professor depends on various factors like the nature of the institute, gender of the profile and experience. The range of salaries is between INR 2.41 L - INR 22.44 L. Other factors that define the salary of an Associate Professor are as below.

Organisation Wise Salary 

Organisation Average Annual Salary  (INR)
Government 6.41 L
Private 8.80 L

Hierarchy Wise Salary 

Hierarchies Average Annual Salary (INR)
Assistant Professor 4.11 L
Associate Professor 8.80 L
Professor 10.14 L
Senior Professor 22.44 L

Experience Wise Salary 

Experience Average Annual Salary (INR)
Entry Level (<1 year) 4.79 L
Early Career Level (1 to 4 years) 6 L
Mid Career Level (5 to 9 years) 8 L
Late-Career Level (10 to 19 years) 11.76 L
Experienced (+20 years) 17.68 L

How to Become an Associate Professor: FAQs

Ques. What is the minimum eligibility criteria to become an Associate Professor?

Ans. To become an Associate Professor, aspirants must at least have a masters degree in their chosen area of specialisation.

Ques. What are the job titles of Associate Professors according to hierarchy?

Ans. As per hierarchy, the job titles are Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor, Senior Professor.

Ques. What is the salary range of Associate Professors?

Ans. Associate Professors earn between INR 2,41,000 L to INR 22,44,000.

Ques. Is a PhD degree needed to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. Some universities accept applicants with a masters degree into Associate Professor positions. On the other hand, some institutes require their Associate Professors to have a doctoral degree.

Ques. What are the entrance tests required to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. To work as an Associate Professor the following test scores are needed:UGC NET, CSIR NET, SLET, SET etc.

Ques. What is the salary difference between a male and a female Associate Professors?

Ans. While male Associate Professors earn INR 6,49,414, female professors earn INR 3,65,295.

Ques. What subjects should one pick up in class 12th to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. To work as an Associate Professor, there is no particular stream to pursue in class 12. Students can however look to improve their extracurriculars and communication skills.

Ques. What is the eligibility criteria to take the UGC NET examination?

Ans. To take the UGC NET exam, applicants must have a master’s degree. Also, a minimum of 55% must be scored at this level.

Ques. Does one need to have an Education degree to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. No. As per UGC guidelines, to work as an Associate Professor applicants can have a masters and doctoral degree in any specialisation. However, depending on the chosen course, specific subjects must be completed at the master’s level.

Ques. How long does the doctoral degree take to complete?

Ans. A research degree can be earned between 3 to 5 years. The duration of the course depends on the coursework.

Ph.D. : 43 answered questions

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Ques. Are master's degrees from IGNOU acceptable for admission into Ph.D courses in top universities?

● Top Answer By Anumita Mukharjee on 28 Apr 22

Ans. Yes, IGNOU is UGC approved, so masters degrees from IGNOU are acceptable for Ph.D. courses in top universities.  But to get admission you will have to meet the other eligibility criteria as well. The university will check your marks, rank, average, and age. As IGNOU is an open university, there is no age bar for learning any degree. Read more
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Ques. Is a Phd from IGNOU worth it/valuable?

● Top Answer By Srabani Guha on 24 Jul 23

Ans. Recently, UGC stated that only  Full-time Phd courses will be Valid and distance PhD is no more valid. The new full-time Ph.D. course will be delivered through the New Delhi main Campus of IGNOU. This change in itself has raised the worth and credibility of a Ph.D. from IGNOU. Here are a few Ph.D. programs offered in regular mode by IGNOU Ph.D. in Dairy Science and Technology Ph.D. in Gender and Development Studies Ph.D. in Women's Studies Ph.D. in Arabic Ph.D. in French Ph.D. in Distance Education Ph.D. in Translation Studies Moreover, IGNOU is the largest open university in the world, so the credibility of any degree from here cannot be doubted. What actually matters is the level of effort you put into research in the concerned field. Try to earn your degree and not just get one.Read more
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Ques. How is the Direct PhD program of IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Arati Sinha on 29 Mar 23

Ans. If you are considering pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT-M, you might be interested in knowing about the similarities and differences between a regular Ph.D. and a direct Ph.D. Here's what you need to know: Selection Procedure: All Ph.D. candidates, whether applying for a regular or direct Ph.D., have to clear a written exam followed by an interview at the institute. Coursework: A regular Ph.D. scholar has to complete four courses, while a direct Ph.D. candidate has to complete eight courses. If you are interested in a dual degree (i.e., MS by research and Ph.D.), you will need to complete two extra courses. Comprehensive Exam: After completing the coursework (usually taking two semesters), every candidate has to undergo a comprehensive exam consisting of a written test and an interview. You will have two chances to clear the comprehensive exam. If you fail to clear the comprehensive exam, you can still obtain an MS degree and get placed or join the Ph.D. program later. The amount and quality of research work by both kinds of Ph.D. candidates are the same. Financial Assistance: A regular Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance once to attend any international conference outside India. A direct Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance twice to attend an international conference outside India. Both regular and direct Ph.D. candidates can attend any national/international conference within India once every semester with full financial assistance. Stipend: The stipend for regular Ph.D. candidates is up to five years. The stipend for direct Ph.D. candidates is up to six years. Pre-Post Doc Fellowship: If you submit your degree within 4.5 years for a regular Ph.D. or 5 years for a direct Ph.D., you are eligible for a pre-postdoc fellowship.Read more
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Ques. What is the value of a Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Karuna Nair on 13 Mar 23

Ans. If you want to achieve self-satisfaction by gaining maximum knowledge about your research area, a Ph.D. could be a great way to do so. Consider coming to IIT Bombay if you are always enthusiastic about learning something new and doing something innovative. Your work will depend on your area and how far you can reach in the industry. For example, if your area is controlled, you can reach many consulting firms or industries that deal with automation problems. In fact, my lab deals with many industrial problems related to such issues. Your work will be recognized as an asset for IITB, and research is the foremost thing that every professor looks forward to. Apart from that, you can enjoy a good life as a Ph.D. student here, with the freedom to think in many directions and develop your research skills at your own pace. A Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay is well-recognized. Many of the students, who are doing their Ph. D.s here in controls, are well settled abroad or in India, which proves the worth of this degree.Read more
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Ques. Why do some students in IIT Bombay leave high-paying jobs and join grad schools for PhD?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 23 Mar 23

Ans. It’s highly illogical to question why some students in IIT leave high-paying jobs and join graduate schools for Ph.D. This is because some people tend to do whatever makes them happy rather than following the sheep mentality. They don’t consider money as the only source of happiness. And they know that a high-paying job will rob them of mental peace due to a lot of responsibilities they might not even enjoy. So they choose a happier and simpler part which is pursuing a Ph.D. Another major reason why people may pursue a Ph.D. rather than working at a top company is their strong inclination to words academics, and they may not be satisfied with a bachelor's degree and crave higher studies in the form of PhD. Basically, the reason behind such a decision is subjective and depends solely On the particular individual, and cannot be objectified.  The common reason why people make such a decision is that they have more interest in studies and doing a job would hinder that passion. Doing a Ph.D. gives you opportunities to travel and enjoy life generally. That being said, it's not necessary that a Ph.D. is easy for everyone. It strictly depends upon one’s preferences and capabilities.Read more
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Ques. What is the placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 17 Mar 23

Ans. The placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay is generally poor, according to student feedback and departmental elections. Ph.D. students typically have very specific knowledge that may not be useful to companies, so they may not be recruited by BTech companies. There is no specific body that helps bring companies for Ph.D. students, resulting in a lack of job opportunities for graduates. Ph.D. graduates pursue two directions: Professor in a University or a specified job, but finding a job can be difficult without faculty contacts. The average salary for a Ph.D. student at IIT Bombay ranges from INR 3.4 Lakhs to INR 4.2 Lakhs per year .Read more
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Ques. Is a PhD from IGNOU valid?

● Top Answer By Pankaj Kumar on 18 Oct 22

Ans. PhD from IGNOU is as valuable as from any other university. The UGC has recently ruled that PhD from distance education is no longer valid. This is applicable to every university. PhD is valid only in regular mode. This can be both part-time or full-time. IGNOU offers both so yes PhD from IGNOU is valuable. In fact, it is more valuable than the same degree from Manipal or Lovely Professional University.  PhD from IGNOU is valuable because of the following reasons: Affordable fees  Both part-time and full-time available ( both approved by UGC) Easy distance education Can be pursued alongside a business or profession. What really matters is what you learn during your course and how you apply it.Read more
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Ques. What is the placement record of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Poornima Sahoo on 18 Mar 23

Ans. The table below shows the key placement highlights of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay. Particulars  Statistics  Median Salary INR 55.4 LPA Average Salary INR 17.9 LPA Placement Percentage 66.67% International Offers 58 Top Recruiters  Accenture | Analog Devices | Apple | CITI Bank | Google | Hindustan Unilever | HONEYWELL | IBM | ISRORead more
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Ques. How difficult is it to get a PhD from IISc Bangalore?

● Top Answer By Bidita Ghose on 14 Jul 23

Ans. Well, getting a Ph.D. from IISc is indeed difficult. In my opinion, the true meaning of a Ph.D. is investing your entire efforts, time, and knowledge in one specific region. In India though, Ph.D. is just considered a degree one can achieve by publishing some paper in some conference or journal. The quality of these papers is poor and substandard bringing down the sort of the degree.  However, IISc being a prestigious institute has managed to maintain the dignity and credibility of the degree so far. You need to prepare yourself for committing to hard work and high-level dedication. Know that your next 5-6 years will be spent proving and disproving every hypothesis possible and conducting infinite experiments. As a Ph.D. student, you will be publishing a few journals in top international forums and also writing your own thesis, which will culminate your entire work and present it before other researchers and professors of the institute. You will then be assessed thoroughly. Only after proving your point strongly and convincing them will you be able to get the degree.  During this whole time, you will face many struggles dealing with your PI and securing funds for your research work. But trust me the result will be worth the effort!Read more
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Ques. How good is doing a PhD in BITS Pilani compared to IITs?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 27 Jun 23

Ans. The mentors and research facilities at IITs are much better than at BITS Pilani. However, the passing process is as much more difficult at IITs.  BITS Pilani, on the other hand, is flexible to incorporate the changing scenario and a PhD from BITS Pilani is much more industry relevant. One of my cousins had a bad experience at BITS Pilani during his Ph.D. in the Mechanical branch. According to him, a large number of Ph.D. students in BITS Pilani drop out because of the intense pressure for producing results. PhD students are burdened with numerous tasks including the evaluation work for B.Tech. The saving grace for Ph.D. at BITS is that under a guide, your Ph.D. will be completed in 3 years like an MS from IIT. Considering my cousin’s experience, you should consult the alumni at BITS Pilani before choosing the institution for pursuing your Ph.D. Otherwise, BITS Pilani is a reputable institution and its Ph.D. degree will hold great relevance. More so, if you get the right mentors and the right facilities, the name tag of an institution becomes secondary.Read more
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