How to Become an Associate Professor: Career Guide, Courses, After 12th, Jobs, Scope, Salary

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Swatantra Khandelwal

Content Curator | Updated 3+ months ago

Associate Professors are hired for intermediate levels across different colleges and universities.  An Associate Professor usually has a PhD degree or other professional degrees in relevant subjects that they specialize in. The basic job of an Associate Professor includes teaching college and university level students, helping them in conducting proper research, attending conferences and seminars related to their subjects or specializations and finally supervising students.

In order to become an Associate Professor, individuals must pursue PhD degrees from any of the Top PhD Colleges across the country. Candidates aspiring to become an Associate Professor must score at least 55% in their Postgraduate degrees followed by clearing various PhD Entrance Exams (PhD ArtsPhD Sciencesuch as UGC NET, CSIR, SLET, SET etc.

The average course fee for PhD usually ranges between INR 50,000 – 1.50 LPA. The average salary for an Associate Professor is INR 8.41 LPA - INR 22.44 LPA. Read More: Salary of an Associate Professor

How to Become an Associate Professor: Quick Facts

Industry Education
Eligibility PhD in a relevant field
Average Course Fees INR 15,000 to INR 2 LPA
Average Starting Salary INR 8.41 – 22.44 LPA
Top Recruiting areas Universities, Colleges, Educational Institutes

What does an Associate Professor Do

Associate Professors typically share their research at conferences and have their work published in peer-reviewed publications. Some of the key responsibilities of an Associate Professor are listed below for your reference,

  • Creating and distributing course content, curricula, and syllabi.
  • Working with the recruitment and training of new lecturers, teaching assistants, and Professors.
  • Researching, publishing papers, and attending conferences
  • Participating in academic events and networking with other scholars and subject matter experts.
  • Supervising, advising, and guiding graduates and education personnel.
  • Attending faculty and departmental meetings.
  • Shortlisting, interviewing, and choosing graduate students.
  • Hosting guest lectures and faculty gatherings so that students may meet with experienced industry professionals.
  • Visiting other higher education institutions to get experience and broaden networks.
  • Creating bids for research funding.

How to Become an Associate Professor in India 

To become an Associate Professor in India, students can start preparations at the school level. For someone who wishes to teach Biology can pick up Science stream or someone who wishes to teach Philosophy can pick up Humanities.

  • School Level Preparation: At the school level, aspiring Associate Professors do not have to pursue any specific stream. Depending on their research area of choice, Science, Arts or Commerce can be chosen. Students can also look at enhancing their communication skills.

How to Become an Associate Professor after 12th

After completing class 12th, students need to pick up a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree to follow up. Going by the thought process mentioned above, the degree and specialisation should be in the area one wishes to teach later.

  • UG Preparation: A bachelor’s degree can be in any stream. There are Education bachelors degrees one can earn, B.Ed. Admissions are done on both merit basis and through entrance tests. As one is about to graduate, preparations for the UGC NET exam can be started. The minimum aggregate score that must be scored at this level is 55%.
  • PG Preparation: Enrolment in a master’s course should follow the pattern followed at the bachelors level. Admissions for masters courses is done mainly through entrance tests and personal interviews. In the final year, students can take the UGC NET or a related examination.

PhD Courses

In India, students can pursue any specialisation in bachelors and masters to become an Associate Professor. However, it must be followed up with a doctorate degree in the same specialisation. One can start with a masters degree as an Assistant Professor but will need work experience to become an Associate Professor. Some courses candidates can pursue are as follows.

PhD Science 

PhD Science is a three to five-year doctorate-level programme that individuals with an MSc or MTech background can pursue. It entails researching any of the Science specialisations such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and so on. To achieve the PhD Science degree, the student must submit a research thesis at the end of the course.

Eligibility criteria 

  • Students must graduate with a minimum of 55 percent aggregate grades. However, some prestigious universities need a minimum of 60% overall.
  • No backlog should exist in any subject.
  • Candidates must pass an admission exam before being interviewed by colleges or institutions.
  • PhD Science courses are open to students with an MSc, MTech, or other comparable degree.

PhD Arts

PhD Arts is a three-year doctoral programme that allows you to specialise in either Humanities courses like Psychology, History, Journalism, or Performing Arts like Music, or Visual Arts like Video, Animation, and Filmmaking.

Admission Process 

The following is the general admissions procedure:

  • Most universities accept individuals who have performed well in UGC-recognized admission examinations or National Level examinations such as UGC-NET, UGC-CSIR-NET, DBT (JRF), ICMR, and others.
  • In the event of merit-based admission, the outcome is normally declared based on the marks obtained in the qualifying examinations after the application has been processed.
  • The candidate's performance in the entrance exam determines admission.
  • For final selection, there will be a round of personal interviews. The candidate will have to describe his research idea to the panel at this stage. If the panel is satisfied, the candidate will be admitted to the course.

Eligibility criteria 

  • The candidate must hold a master's degree or equivalent in the appropriate discipline from a recognised college or institution.
  • The candidate must have graduated with a minimum of a 55 percent overall grade point average.
  • To be eligible for the course, the candidate must pass national or university level admission examinations.

PhD Commerce 

PhD in Commerce and Management is a three-year doctoral programme in commerce and business management. To be eligible for admission to the programme, you must have finished a postgraduate degree in commerce or possess an M.Phil. degree with a minimum aggregate of 55 percent marks or higher from a recognised institution listed under UGC/AIU.

Admission Process 

  • Applicants must have a Master's degree in Commerce or an M.Phil. with a minimum aggregate of 55 percent and above
  • The shortlisted applicants would have to go through Group Discussion and Personal Interview sessions organised by the individual institutions to get credibility into the candidate's strengths and qualities.
  • To compute the merit list %, the overall marks obtained in the entrance examination, GD/PI, and marks obtained at the degree level are added together.

Eligibility criteria 

The following are the qualifying requirements for admission to the PhD programme in Commerce and Management:

  1. Candidates who have completed their post-graduate degree in Commerce or M.Phil. degree with a minimum aggregate of 55% marks or higher from a recognised university listed under UGC/AIU are eligible for admission to the programme.
  2. Applicants must pass the UGC-NET examination offered at the program's admission level.
  3. Some prestigious institutions and institutions will also conduct group discussions and personal interviews.
  4. Having 4 years of relevant professional experience in either Teaching/Administration is advantageous to the programme.

How to Become an Associate Professor Abroad

Apart from India, there are several colleges abroad where students aspiring to become Associate Professors can pursue relevant courses. Studying abroad has been a dream for many students, considering the wide opportunity and the huge salary that they incur post completing their degrees. Some of the top most preferred countries by students who wish to make their career abroad are UK, USA, Canada and Australia.

The sections below will discuss all the necessary prerequisites that must be followed in order to become an Associate Professor for your reference.

  • For candidates who are already teaching in technical colleges, community colleges, a bachelors degrees and a masters degree will suffice.
  • Individuals who have years of work experience under their belt in teaching and who have a PhD degree are eligible for a professorship.
  • Individuals with doctorate degrees should have a resume of published articles and research work.
  • Some universities accept applicants in professor positions with a master’s degree.
  • In Canada, for candidates who wish to teach in Architecture, Medicine, Engineering, Law etc will require a license or certification.
  • English proficiency is a requirement for international candidates. Accepted test scores are IELTS, TOEFL, PTE etc.

Top Colleges to Become an Associate Professor 

Benefits of Career as an Associate Professor 

Teachers are a highly respectable job, being able to teach and shape the future generation. Professor jobs bring in many different expected and unexpected job benefits. Some such benefits have been discussed below.

  • Salary: Associate Professors employed in Government institutes enjoy much job security and assured salary increments. While the private counterparts start out with a much higher salary range. The average salary for a Government Associate Professor is INR 2.41 LPA. Private associate professors earn an average of INR 8.80 LPA.
  • Job Security: Associate Professor jobs are highly secure. There are regular salary increments and assured promotions to the next title after certain years of experience. Professors employed in Government institutes enjoy more job security as opposed to private institute professors.
  • Positive Impact of the Career: Professors do much more than teaching the course material to students. They shape the personalities of the students and leave them with lifelong skills. Students learn how to be self-motivated, have strong self-esteem, all of which helps immensely with their careers.
  • Higher Studies: Associate Professor jobs are assigned to candidates with a master’s degree. Accordingly, candidates can earn a doctorate degree in a chosen field of study. Upon earning a doctorate degree, candidates become eligible for higher job positions.
  • Unique Experience: Teaching is a fairly unique experience, both for the professor and the student. Professors are able to interact directly with students and get to be up to date with their chosen study area. Shaping and influencing a young student’s life is only done by parents beside a teacher.

Skills Required to Become an Associate Professor 

All successful teachers have a bank of skills that they rely on their entire careers. These skills are picked up with more experience but one can also look for online certificate courses. The table below lists the top skills Associate Professors must have.

Research skills Analytical abilities
Strong orator Solid work ethic
Dedicated and passionate about teaching Organized
Ability work with a lot of people Self-motivated

Salary of an Associate Professor 

The salary of an Associate Professor depends on various factors like the nature of the institute, gender of the profile and experience. The range of salaries is between INR 2.41 L - INR 22.44 L. Other factors that define the salary of an Associate Professor are as below.

Organisation Wise Salary 

Organisation Average Annual Salary  (INR)
Government 6.41 L
Private 8.80 L

Hierarchy Wise Salary 

Hierarchies Average Annual Salary (INR)
Assistant Professor 4.11 L
Associate Professor 8.80 L
Professor 10.14 L
Senior Professor 22.44 L

Experience Wise Salary 

Experience Average Annual Salary (INR)
Entry Level (<1 year) 4.79 L
Early Career Level (1 to 4 years) 6 L
Mid Career Level (5 to 9 years) 8 L
Late-Career Level (10 to 19 years) 11.76 L
Experienced (+20 years) 17.68 L

How to Become an Associate Professor: FAQs

Ques. What is the minimum eligibility criteria to become an Associate Professor?

Ans. To become an Associate Professor, aspirants must at least have a masters degree in their chosen area of specialisation.

Ques. What are the job titles of Associate Professors according to hierarchy?

Ans. As per hierarchy, the job titles are Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor, Senior Professor.

Ques. What is the salary range of Associate Professors?

Ans. Associate Professors earn between INR 2,41,000 L to INR 22,44,000.

Ques. Is a PhD degree needed to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. Some universities accept applicants with a masters degree into Associate Professor positions. On the other hand, some institutes require their Associate Professors to have a doctoral degree.

Ques. What are the entrance tests required to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. To work as an Associate Professor the following test scores are needed:UGC NET, CSIR NET, SLET, SET etc.

Ques. What is the salary difference between a male and a female Associate Professors?

Ans. While male Associate Professors earn INR 6,49,414, female professors earn INR 3,65,295.

Ques. What subjects should one pick up in class 12th to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. To work as an Associate Professor, there is no particular stream to pursue in class 12. Students can however look to improve their extracurriculars and communication skills.

Ques. What is the eligibility criteria to take the UGC NET examination?

Ans. To take the UGC NET exam, applicants must have a master’s degree. Also, a minimum of 55% must be scored at this level.

Ques. Does one need to have an Education degree to work as an Associate Professor?

Ans. No. As per UGC guidelines, to work as an Associate Professor applicants can have a masters and doctoral degree in any specialisation. However, depending on the chosen course, specific subjects must be completed at the master’s level.

Ques. How long does the doctoral degree take to complete?

Ans. A research degree can be earned between 3 to 5 years. The duration of the course depends on the coursework.

Ph.D. : 43 answered questions

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Ques. What is IIT BHU Phd admission 2024 process?

● Top Answer By Saksham Bhowmik on 01 Jul 24

Ans. IIT BHU offers Phd programs to students who have a knack for research and development. The minimum eligibility criteria to be eligible for admission in the PhD program is that you must have a master’s degree with a minimum percentage of 65% from any of the recognized institutes. The selection of the students for the course is done based on performance in the entrance exams. The entrance exams that are applicable for taking admission in the course are DST-INSPIRE fellowship or ICMRJRF, UGC- NET (JRF), GATE, CSIR NET (JRF), DBT-JRF and NET-LS . You can sit for any of these exams and qualify for admission to PhD programs at IIT BHU.Read more
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Ques. Which is the best place for a PhD, CSIR-IHBT or IIT Roorkee?

● Top Answer By Rupesh Yadav on 26 Jun 24

Ans. IIT Roorkee has some of the best ph.d program. The courses include: Ph.d in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering  Ph.D Chemical Engineering Ph.D Earth Sciences Ph.D Design Ph.D Hydro and Renewable Energy Ph.D Paper Technology Ph.D Electronics and Communication Engineering Ph.D Earthquake Engineering Ph.D Mathematics Ph.D Electrical Engineering Ph.D Hydrology Ph.D Physics Ph.D Architecture and Planning Ph.D Chemistry Ph.D Computer Science and Engineering Ph.D Biosciences and Bioengineering Ph.D Civil Engineering Ph.D Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ph.D Polymer and Process Engineering Ph.D Water Resources Development and Management The eligibility criteria to take admission in this course is that you must have a B.Tech/M.tech or any equivalent master's degree that is related to the Ph.D program that you have chosen. The minimum duration of the course is 3 years and can be extended up to six years. Read more
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Ques. I got a PhD in IIT Tirupati. Is it worth it?

● Top Answer By Divya Shastri on 11 Jan 24

Ans. This answer is based on my experience of the current market. A Phd. from a top branded institute is good, but you’ll have to market yourself. The employers search for candidates who have clear goals. They will try to figure out why you choose a certain subject and college and your past achievements, among other things.  Try to have a look at the placement figures of IIT Tirupati for Phd., and consult the faculty members in this regard.  Brand name has its own value, but you must have a good grasp on your subject to clear interviews. This applies to any branch or college student. Read more
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Ques. Is a Phd from IGNOU worth it/valuable?

● Top Answer By Srabani Guha on 24 Jul 23

Ans. Recently, UGC stated that only  Full-time Phd courses will be Valid and distance PhD is no more valid. The new full-time Ph.D. course will be delivered through the New Delhi main Campus of IGNOU. This change in itself has raised the worth and credibility of a Ph.D. from IGNOU. Here are a few Ph.D. programs offered in regular mode by IGNOU Ph.D. in Dairy Science and Technology Ph.D. in Gender and Development Studies Ph.D. in Women's Studies Ph.D. in Arabic Ph.D. in French Ph.D. in Distance Education Ph.D. in Translation Studies Moreover, IGNOU is the largest open university in the world, so the credibility of any degree from here cannot be doubted. What actually matters is the level of effort you put into research in the concerned field. Try to earn your degree and not just get one.Read more
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Ques. What is the minimum GATE score to do a PhD in the IIT, Madras?

● Top Answer By Madhav Aneja on 17 Jul 23

Ans. First of all, there is no fixed GATE score that makes you eligible to do a Ph.D. at IIT Madras as the selection process comprises a number is criteria with the GATE score being just one of them. The students applying for a PhD program at IIT Madras, go through a rigorous admission process. To become eligible one needs to fulfill the following criteria Master's or a dual degree in the relevant disciplines with a CGPA of 6.5 or above. Candidates with BE/BTech degrees can apply directly for a Ph.D. (MS+PhD) in Engineering or Sciences after their Bachelor’s degree.  M.S scholars with CGPA>8.0 are eligible to upgrade to the Ph.D. program in the same department and receive a dual degree i.e. (MS+PhD)  I hope I made it clear!Read more
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Ques. How difficult is it to get a PhD from IISc Bangalore?

● Top Answer By Bidita Ghose on 14 Jul 23

Ans. Well, getting a Ph.D. from IISc is indeed difficult. In my opinion, the true meaning of a Ph.D. is investing your entire efforts, time, and knowledge in one specific region. In India though, Ph.D. is just considered a degree one can achieve by publishing some paper in some conference or journal. The quality of these papers is poor and substandard bringing down the sort of the degree.  However, IISc being a prestigious institute has managed to maintain the dignity and credibility of the degree so far. You need to prepare yourself for committing to hard work and high-level dedication. Know that your next 5-6 years will be spent proving and disproving every hypothesis possible and conducting infinite experiments. As a Ph.D. student, you will be publishing a few journals in top international forums and also writing your own thesis, which will culminate your entire work and present it before other researchers and professors of the institute. You will then be assessed thoroughly. Only after proving your point strongly and convincing them will you be able to get the degree.  During this whole time, you will face many struggles dealing with your PI and securing funds for your research work. But trust me the result will be worth the effort!Read more
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Ques. How good is doing a PhD in BITS Pilani compared to IITs?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 27 Jun 23

Ans. The mentors and research facilities at IITs are much better than at BITS Pilani. However, the passing process is as much more difficult at IITs.  BITS Pilani, on the other hand, is flexible to incorporate the changing scenario and a PhD from BITS Pilani is much more industry relevant. One of my cousins had a bad experience at BITS Pilani during his Ph.D. in the Mechanical branch. According to him, a large number of Ph.D. students in BITS Pilani drop out because of the intense pressure for producing results. PhD students are burdened with numerous tasks including the evaluation work for B.Tech. The saving grace for Ph.D. at BITS is that under a guide, your Ph.D. will be completed in 3 years like an MS from IIT. Considering my cousin’s experience, you should consult the alumni at BITS Pilani before choosing the institution for pursuing your Ph.D. Otherwise, BITS Pilani is a reputable institution and its Ph.D. degree will hold great relevance. More so, if you get the right mentors and the right facilities, the name tag of an institution becomes secondary.Read more
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Ques. I got an offer for an MTech at IIT Gandhinagar and for a direct Ph.D at IIT Patna. Which one shall I take?

● Top Answer By Sushmita Rajput on 22 Jun 23

Ans. I think IIT Gandhinagar MTech is a safer option to go with than a direct Ph.D. from IIT Patna. IIT Gandhinagar provides better learning experiences and opportunities to explore than IIT Patna. IIT Gandhinagar CSE faculty is exceptionally good and will help you if you are willing to do Ph.D. after MTech. Unlike PhD and MTech guarantees a degree within 2 years and so if you end up changing your mind later you will not have wasted 5-6 years. You can decide whether to do Ph.D. or not while pursuing your MTech and play safe.  The overall academic experience and campus life are better at IIT Gandhinagar than at IIT Patna. Be it the food, facilities, faculty, alumni, or placements, IIT Gandhinagar has it all.Read more
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Ques. Which is better, a PhD at Jadavpur University or at IIT Patna?

● Top Answer By Arnav Roy on 21 Jun 23

Ans. My friend had options of Ph.D. from JU, IIEST as well as IIT Patna and still chose IIT Patna. She claimed that IIT Patna had a better research culture and the professors get work published in very good journals, A/A* conferences, etc. The professors motivate the students for the same and this aspect attracted him the most. However, your personal preferences also come to play here. So consider the following points If you want to complete your Ph.D. quickly, JU will serve you better.  If you are ready to commit yourself to hard work and increase your publications gradually with your knowledge and time IIT Patna students get 2.5lacs per student to go to any conference at a tenure of 5 years. If you want to enjoy college life in addition to research work then JU is better. The college ambiance is great with a dynamic city life.  Choose IIT Patna for its research culture and not the IIT tag.Read more
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Ques. I have been studying for an MSc in chemistry from IIT Hyderabad, but my 12 marks are just 61.5%. Will I qualify for a PhD abroad?

● Top Answer By Divya Saraf on 20 May 23

Ans. For a PhD, class 12th marks are given considerably less importance given that your graduation and post-graduation grades are great. For a Ph.D. abroad, since you will be seeking direct admission into the university and not approaching a specific professor, your past academics matter a lot. Having good class 12 marks, graduation, and post-graduation marks will improve your chances of admission and it’s always better to play safe. In case of average marks, you have the option to write to a professor in Europe who is working in a field that aligns with your research project topic. If you share a common ground with any professor you can get admission by skipping the entire formal admission procedure although you might have to appear for some interviews that will evaluate your research caliber. Overall, my recommendation is to apply everywhere as long as money is not involved. In cases you are required to send documents or GRE scores you need to be careful.Read more
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