CUET PG 2026 Social Work Question Paper with Solutions

Concept:
Social work uses several professional methods to help individuals, groups, and communities solve problems and improve their well-being. These methods are generally classified into **primary methods** and **secondary methods**.


Primary Methods of Social Work:

Social Case Work
Social Group Work
Community Organization


Secondary Methods of Social Work:

Social Welfare Administration
Social Research
Social Action



Primary methods involve **direct interaction with individuals, groups, or communities**, whereas secondary methods support planning, policy-making, and program implementation.


Step 1: Identify the primary methods of social work.

Among the given options:

Social Action – Secondary method
Case Work – Primary method
Social Research – Secondary method
Social Welfare Administration – Secondary method


Thus, the correct answer is **Case Work**, which focuses on helping individuals solve personal and social problems through professional relationships. Quick Tip: Remember the \textbf{three primary methods of social work}: \textbf{Case Work, Group Work, and Community Organization.} Other methods like \textbf{Social Research, Social Action, and Social Welfare Administration} are considered secondary methods.

Concept:
Psychoanalytic Theory is a major psychological approach that explains human behavior through the interaction of conscious and unconscious mental processes. It emphasizes the influence of early childhood experiences, unconscious desires, and internal conflicts on personality and behavior.

The theory introduced several important concepts such as:

The unconscious mind
The structure of personality: Id, Ego, and Superego
Defense mechanisms
The importance of childhood experiences in shaping personality


Step 1: Identify the psychologist who developed Psychoanalytic Theory.

Among the given options:

Carl Rogers – Known for Humanistic Psychology
Sigmund Freud – Founder of Psychoanalytic Theory
B.F. Skinner – Known for Operant Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov – Known for Classical Conditioning


Therefore, the psychologist known as the **father of Psychoanalytic Theory** is **Sigmund Freud**. Quick Tip: \textbf{Sigmund Freud} is remembered as the founder of \textbf{Psychoanalysis}. Key terms associated with Freud include \textbf{Id, Ego, Superego, Unconscious Mind, and Defense Mechanisms}.

Concept:
The Juvenile Justice Act in India provides a legal framework for the care, protection, treatment, and rehabilitation of children in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection. It ensures that juveniles are treated differently from adults within the justice system and focuses on rehabilitation rather than punishment.

India enacted its first comprehensive national legislation for juvenile justice in order to align with international child rights principles and to create a uniform legal framework across the country.

Step 1: Identify the year when the first Juvenile Justice Act was enacted in India.

The first nationwide legislation was the Juvenile Justice Act, 1986.
This Act aimed to provide proper care, protection, treatment, development, and rehabilitation of neglected or delinquent juveniles.

Later developments include:

Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 – introduced to align with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 – introduced provisions for trying certain juveniles as adults in heinous crimes.


Thus, the first enactment of the Juvenile Justice Act in India was in 1986. Quick Tip: Key years to remember in \textbf{Juvenile Justice Law in India}: 1986 – First Juvenile Justice Act in India. 2000 – Updated Act aligned with UNCRC. 2015 – Latest major amendment with provisions for heinous offences.

Concept:
The Indian Constitution guarantees several Fundamental Rights to ensure equality, dignity, and justice for all citizens. One of the important provisions is the abolition of the practice of untouchability, which was historically practiced as a form of social discrimination against certain communities.

To eliminate this discriminatory practice, the Constitution explicitly prohibits untouchability and its practice in any form.

Step 1: Identify the constitutional provision that abolishes untouchability.


Article 14 – Guarantees equality before the law.
Article 17 – Abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.
Article 19 – Provides six fundamental freedoms to citizens.
Article 21 – Protects the right to life and personal liberty.


Article 17 clearly states that “Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.” Any disability arising from it is punishable according to law.

Therefore, the correct answer is Article 17. Quick Tip: \textbf{Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability. To enforce this provision, the government enacted the \textbf{Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955}.

Concept:
Sampling is an important technique in social research used to select a subset of individuals from a population for study. A good sampling method ensures that the sample represents the population accurately.

Simple Random Sampling is a probability sampling method where every member of the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. This method reduces bias and increases the reliability of research results.

Step 1: Identify the sampling method that provides equal probability of selection.


Stratified Sampling – Population divided into groups before sampling.
Simple Random Sampling – Every member has an equal chance of selection.
Purposive Sampling – Researcher selects participants based on judgment.
Convenience Sampling – Participants selected based on ease of access.


Therefore, the correct answer is Simple Random Sampling. Quick Tip: \textbf{Simple Random Sampling} is the most basic probability sampling technique where each unit in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Concept:
Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Truth Seekers) was a social reform movement founded to promote social equality and fight against caste discrimination and social injustice in India.

The organization aimed to secure equal rights for the lower castes and to promote education and social awareness among oppressed communities.

Step 1: Identify the social reformer who established Satyashodhak Samaj.


Raja Ram Mohan Roy – Founder of Brahmo Samaj.
Jyotirao Phule – Founder of Satyashodhak Samaj.
Swami Vivekananda – Founder of Ramakrishna Mission.
Mahatma Gandhi – Leader of the Indian freedom movement and social reformer.


Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 in Maharashtra to promote social justice and challenge the dominance of the caste system.

Thus, the correct answer is Jyotirao Phule. Quick Tip: \textbf{Satyashodhak Samaj} was founded in \textbf{1873} by \textbf{Jyotirao Phule} to fight caste discrimination and promote education and social equality.

Concept:
Jean Piaget proposed the Cognitive Development Theory, which explains how children develop thinking and reasoning abilities in stages. One important concept in early childhood development is Object Permanence.

Object permanence refers to the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched. Infants initially believe that objects disappear when they are out of sight, but they gradually learn that objects still exist.

Step 1: Identify the stage where object permanence develops.


Sensorimotor Stage (0–2 years) – Development of object permanence.
Preoperational Stage (2–7 years) – Development of symbolic thinking.
Concrete Operational Stage (7–11 years) – Logical thinking about concrete events.
Formal Operational Stage (11+ years) – Abstract and hypothetical thinking.


Thus, the correct answer is the Sensorimotor Stage. Quick Tip: \textbf{Object Permanence} is a key feature of Piaget’s \textbf{Sensorimotor Stage (0–2 years)} where infants learn that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible.

Concept:
In social work, professional methods are classified into primary methods and secondary methods. Secondary methods help support large-scale changes in policies, institutions, and social structures.

Social Action is a secondary method that focuses on bringing about social change, policy reform, and structural transformation in society. It aims to address injustice, inequality, and social problems through collective efforts.

Step 1: Identify the method aimed at structural change in society.


Social Case Work – Primary method focusing on individuals.
Social Group Work – Primary method focusing on groups.
Social Action – Secondary method aimed at social reform and structural change.
Community Organization – Primary method focusing on community development.


Therefore, the correct answer is Social Action. Quick Tip: \textbf{Social Action} is a secondary method of social work used to promote \textbf{social reform, policy change, and structural transformation} in society.

Concept:
Child marriage has been a serious social issue in India. To prevent this practice and protect the rights of children, the government enacted specific legislation.

The earlier law was the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 (also known as the Sarda Act). Later, it was replaced by a more comprehensive law known as the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006.

This Act strengthened legal provisions to prevent child marriages and provided stricter punishments for those who perform, promote, or permit such marriages.

Step 1: Identify the year when the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act was enacted.


1929 – Child Marriage Restraint Act (earlier legislation).
2006 – Prohibition of Child Marriage Act.
2015 – Not related to this Act.
1990 – No such Act passed in this year.


Thus, the correct answer is 2006. Quick Tip: \textbf{Child Marriage Restraint Act – 1929} (Sarda Act)
\textbf{Prohibition of Child Marriage Act – 2006} strengthened the law to prevent child marriages in India.

Concept:
Measures of central tendency are statistical tools used to describe the center or typical value of a dataset. The three main measures are Mean, Median, and Mode.

Among these, the Mean (Arithmetic Average) is highly sensitive to extreme values or outliers because it is calculated using all observations in the dataset.

Step 1: Understand the effect of extreme values on measures of central tendency.


Median – Represents the middle value and is less affected by extreme values.
Mode – Represents the most frequent value and is generally unaffected by outliers.
Mean – Calculated using all values; extreme values significantly influence it.
Quartile – Used to divide data into parts rather than measure central tendency.


Therefore, the measure most affected by extreme values is the Mean. Quick Tip: \textbf{Mean is sensitive to outliers}, whereas \textbf{Median is more stable} when extreme values are present in the dataset.

Concept:
Social Diagnosis is a landmark book in the field of social work. It was published in 1917 and is considered one of the foundational texts of professional social work practice.

The book introduced systematic methods for studying and understanding the problems faced by individuals and families, which helped establish the principles of social casework.

Step 1: Identify the author of the book "Social Diagnosis".


Mary Richmond – Pioneer of social casework and author of Social Diagnosis.
Jane Addams – Founder of Hull House and social reformer.
Sigmund Freud – Founder of psychoanalysis.
Emile Durkheim – Founder of modern sociology.


Thus, the correct answer is Mary Richmond. Quick Tip: \textbf{Mary Richmond} is known as a pioneer of \textbf{Social Casework}. Her book \textbf{"Social Diagnosis" (1917)} laid the foundation for professional casework practice.

Concept:
The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are guidelines provided in the Indian Constitution for the government to establish social and economic democracy. Although they are not legally enforceable, they are fundamental in the governance of the country.

These principles aim to create a welfare state by promoting justice, equality, and improved living standards for citizens.

Step 1: Identify the part of the Constitution containing DPSP.


Part II – Citizenship provisions.
Part III – Fundamental Rights.
Part IV – Directive Principles of State Policy.
Part V – Union Government provisions.


Thus, the Directive Principles of State Policy are contained in Part IV of the Indian Constitution. Quick Tip: \textbf{Part III – Fundamental Rights} (justiciable)
\textbf{Part IV – Directive Principles of State Policy} (non-justiciable but important for governance).

Concept:
Socialization is the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, norms, customs, and behaviors of their society. It enables individuals to function effectively as members of their social group.

This process begins in childhood and continues throughout life through agents such as family, school, peer groups, media, and religious institutions.

Step 1: Identify the concept that describes learning societal culture.


Socialization – Process of learning culture, values, and social norms.
Assimilation – Process of adopting another culture, often by minority groups.
Acculturation – Cultural change resulting from continuous contact between cultures.
Integration – Process of combining individuals or groups into a unified society.


Therefore, the correct answer is Socialization. Quick Tip: \textbf{Socialization} helps individuals learn the culture of society through institutions like \textbf{family, school, peer groups, and media}.

Concept:
NITI Aayog is a policy think tank of the Government of India that was established to replace the Planning Commission. It focuses on cooperative federalism, sustainable development, and strategic policy planning.

The organization plays a key role in designing long-term policies and fostering collaboration between the central and state governments.

Step 1: Identify the full form of NITI Aayog.


National Institute for Transforming India – Incorrect wording.
National Institution for Transforming India – Correct expansion of NITI.
National Initiative for Technological Innovation – Not related to NITI Aayog.
National Institute of Trade and Industry – Not the correct form.


Thus, the correct answer is National Institution for Transforming India. Quick Tip: \textbf{NITI Aayog} stands for \textbf{National Institution for Transforming India}. It was established in \textbf{2015} to replace the Planning Commission.

Concept:
A nuclear family is the simplest and most basic form of family structure. It generally includes a married couple and their unmarried children living together in the same household.

This type of family structure is common in modern societies and differs from the joint or extended family system, where several generations live together.

Step 1: Identify the members of a nuclear family.


Parents, children, and grandparents – Joint or extended family.
Parents and their children – Nuclear family.
Extended relatives living together – Extended family.
Multiple generations in one household – Joint family.


Thus, the correct answer is Parents and their children. Quick Tip: \textbf{Nuclear Family} = Parents + Children. \textbf{Joint/Extended Family} = Multiple generations living together.