CUET PG Agricultural Science Question Paper 2024: Download Question paper with Answers PDF

An inversion occurs when a segment of a chromosome breaks and then reattaches in reverse order. This rearrangement does not result in any loss or gain of genetic material but can affect gene function if breakpoints interrupt critical regions.
Quick Tip: Inversions can lead to changes in gene expression if the inversion disrupts a gene's coding sequence or regulatory regions.

Hugo de Vries is credited with the discovery of mutation. He observed sudden, heritable changes in the evening primrose (Oenothera) and recognized these changes as mutations, contributing significantly to genetics.
Quick Tip: De Vries' work laid the foundation for modern genetics by introducing the concept of sudden, inheritable changes in organisms.

The GEAC, which regulates the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and genetic engineering technologies in India, operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe use of biotechnology in agriculture and environmental sectors.
Quick Tip: Regulatory bodies like the GEAC ensure safety and environmental protection in the development and use of GMOs.

PRH-10 is a hybrid variety of rice, developed to combine superior yield and stress resistance, making it more productive in challenging environmental conditions. Hybrid varieties are specifically engineered to achieve higher yield potential and enhanced resilience.
Quick Tip: Hybrid rice varieties like PRH-10 contribute to food security by increasing crop yield and adapting to various environmental conditions.

T.H. Morgan’s work on sex-linked inheritance provided foundational insights into genetics, while Kornberg's discovery of DNA polymerase was key in understanding DNA replication. Nathan and Smith discovered restriction endonucleases, critical for molecular biology techniques, and Paul Berg's work on recombinant DNA technology laid the groundwork for genetic engineering.
Quick Tip: These scientists revolutionized genetics and biotechnology, and their discoveries are essential for modern genetic research and applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.

The correct statements include:
- The progeny of nucleus seeds is indeed breeder seed.
- The TZ test is used to evaluate seed viability, not field performance.
- The seed rate of wheat is typically 100 kg/ha.
Tobacco does not have the smallest seeds; orchids have some of the smallest seeds.
Quick Tip: Knowing the characteristics of seeds and their proper management is crucial for optimizing crop yields and maintaining soil health.

Hammerling’s experiments with Acetabularia provided crucial insights into the role of the nucleus in heredity, showing that the nucleus controls the organism's development and morphology. The experiment demonstrated the control exerted by the nucleus, rather than cytoplasm, over inheritance.
Quick Tip: Hammerling's work emphasized the nucleus's central role in hereditary processes and its control over cellular functions, laying the groundwork for later genetic research.

Linkage drag occurs when undesirable genes, which are linked to desirable genes on the same chromosome, are transferred along with the desirable genes during the breeding process. This phenomenon can reduce the overall quality of the offspring.
Quick Tip: Understanding linkage drag is crucial for breeders to develop strategies that separate linked undesirable genes from desirable traits.

In a pea flower, the petals are arranged in a specific configuration: the standard (posterior), wings (lateral), and keel (anterior). This arrangement is characteristic of flowers in the Fabaceae family, facilitating pollination.
Quick Tip: The arrangement of petals in pea flowers enhances pollination, with the keel protecting reproductive parts and the wings and standard attracting pollinators.

Linkage equilibrium is best achieved through random mating, which enhances genetic diversity and helps distribute alleles evenly across the population. This process breaks up linkage disequilibrium over time.
Quick Tip: Random mating ensures genetic variability and helps reduce the persistence of harmful gene combinations, promoting genetic health in populations.

Antibiosis refers to the negative effect a plant has on the growth and development of an insect-pest feeding on it, typically through the production of toxic compounds.
Quick Tip: Antibiosis is an important defense mechanism for plants to deter pest populations and protect their growth.

The correlation coefficient can only range from -1 to +1. Any values outside this range are invalid. Therefore, both -1 and +1 are valid values.
Quick Tip: The correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables, with -1 and +1 representing perfect negative and positive correlations, respectively.

Conservation Agriculture involves sustainable practices such as minimum tillage, crop rotations, and mulching. Burning crop residues is not part of conservation agriculture.
Quick Tip: Conservation agriculture focuses on soil health and sustainable farming practices to reduce environmental impact and enhance crop productivity.

Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is a commonly used fertilizer with 18% nitrogen (N) and 46% phosphorus (P2O5).
Quick Tip: DAP is rich in phosphorus, which supports root development and enhances plant growth.

Biogas, generated from the anaerobic decomposition of agricultural waste, typically contains 55-65% methane, 35-44% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases like hydrogen sulfide.
Quick Tip: Biogas is a renewable energy source with methane as the primary component, used for heating, cooking, and electricity generation.

The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established in 1965 with the objective of ensuring the procurement, storage, and distribution of food grains across India.
Quick Tip: FCI plays a crucial role in maintaining food security and managing the distribution of essential food commodities in India.

Shifting cultivation is a traditional method of farming, primarily for subsistence, where land is cleared for agriculture and then abandoned after a few years. It is mainly practiced in regions with low population density.
Quick Tip: Shifting cultivation involves moving cultivation to new areas after exhausting the soil's nutrients, typically practiced by indigenous communities.

India's food grain production in 2021-22 was recorded at 315.7 million tonnes, marking a significant increase over previous years. This was attributed to better agricultural practices and favorable monsoon conditions.
Quick Tip: Food grain production is a key factor in ensuring national food security, and India's increased production is vital for supporting its large population.

Disguised unemployment occurs when additional workers are employed, but their marginal productivity is zero, meaning they do not contribute to increased output. This is common in sectors with excessive labor.
Quick Tip: Disguised unemployment is a form of hidden unemployment where more people are employed than necessary for the task at hand, resulting in wasted resources.

The correct sequence for biological nitrogen fixation is:
1. Rhizobium multiply to colonize the root.
2. Curling of root hair happens next.
3. Formation of infection thread follows.
4. Finally, differentiation of cortical cells into nitrogen-fixing cells occurs.
Quick Tip: Biological nitrogen fixation is essential for enriching soil with nitrogen, a key nutrient for plants, especially legumes.

The botanical names are correctly matched with their respective millet types in option (b). Barnyard millet is Echinochloa frumantacea, Kodo millet is Paspalum scrobiculatum, Foxtail millet is Setaria italica, and Finger millet is Eleusine coracana.
Quick Tip: Memorize the botanical names of common millets as they often appear in agricultural science exams.

NABARD does not provide loans directly to individuals; instead, it finances and supports various projects through institutions. The other statements are correct about NABARD.
Quick Tip: Understand the role of NABARD in agricultural financing and rural development to address similar questions in exams.

Ethylene is known for promoting flowering in various fruit trees, including mango, by affecting the hormonal balance within the plant.
Quick Tip: Ethylene is effective in inducing flowering but should be used carefully to avoid excessive fruit drop.

The Pusa Decomposer is a microbial spray developed by ICAR-IARI for the rapid decomposition of paddy straw in the field, helping to manage crop residue effectively.
Quick Tip: Pusa Decomposer can significantly reduce air pollution caused by the burning of paddy straw.

The classes of seeds are matched correctly with their tag colors in option (b). Breeder Seed is Golden yellow, Foundation Seed is White, Certified Seed is Azure Blue, and T.L. Seed is Green Opal.
Quick Tip: Knowing the tag colors associated with different classes of seeds is crucial for handling and certification processes in agriculture.

In the Latin square design, the number of replications is equal to the number of treatments, ensuring that each treatment appears exactly once in each row and column.
Quick Tip: The Latin square design is used to control for two blocking factors while testing more than one factor at a time.

The diseases are correctly matched with their causal organisms in option (d). Black rust is caused by Puccinia graminis, Yellow rust by Puccinia striiformis, Brown rust by Puccinia recondita, and Tikka disease by Cercospora arachidicola.
Quick Tip: Understanding the causal organisms of common crop diseases can help in better management and prevention strategies.

The peptidoglycan layer in the bacterial cell wall is primarily responsible for its increased resistance to osmotic shock compared to eukaryotic cells, which typically do not have such a structured cell wall.
Quick Tip: The structure of the cell wall can greatly influence a cell's susceptibility to environmental stresses.

The correct sequence for the Gram staining process starts with Crystal violet, followed by Iodine, then Alcohol for decolorization, and finally counterstained with Safranin. This method distinguishes between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Quick Tip: Understanding the correct sequence of staining in microbiological techniques is crucial for accurate diagnosis and research.

Meliponiculture specifically refers to the rearing and management of stingless bees, a practice distinct from apiculture, which is the broader term for beekeeping.
Quick Tip: Specializing in meliponiculture can be beneficial for sustainable beekeeping practices and biodiversity conservation.

All statements regarding the economic importance of fungi are correct. Claviceps purpurea is used in medicinal compounds, Agaricus campestris is an edible mushroom, Aflatoxin is indeed a toxin produced by Aspergillus species, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces invertase.
Quick Tip: Understanding the beneficial and harmful roles of fungi can help in fields like pharmacology and food science.

Correct matching is as follows: Colletotrichum falcatum causes red rot of sugarcane, Phytophthora infestans causes late blight of potato, Sclerospora graminicola causes green ear of bajra, and Ustilago nuda var. tritici causes loose smut of wheat.
Quick Tip: Recognizing the causal agents of plant diseases is crucial for effective disease management and prevention in agriculture.

K.C. Mehta was a prominent researcher who worked extensively on the problem of wheat rusts in India, contributing significantly to the understanding and management of this agricultural issue.
Quick Tip: Studying historical figures in agricultural science can provide insights into how past challenges were addressed and overcome.

Correct symptom matching is: Downy mildew shows cottony growth on the host surface, Blight presents a burnt appearance, Canker leads to dead areas on the stem bark of woody trees, and Anthracnose results in angular and elongated spots appearing on the veins on the lower surface of the leaf.
Quick Tip: Understanding the symptoms associated with different plant diseases aids in accurate diagnosis and effective management.

The correct statements regarding the extent of infection and perpetuation of pathogens are that Arhar wilt is soil-borne, smut diseases of cereals are seed-borne, and mildew and rusts are air-borne. The statement about systemic diseases is incorrect; they affect the whole organism, not just a part.
Quick Tip: Distinguishing how diseases spread and persist can guide effective control strategies in crop management.

The correct statements are that biological management of diseases can utilize hyperparasitism, Thiram is indeed a contact fungicide, and crop rotation is a prophylactic measure. The Bordeaux mixture is incorrect as stated; it contains copper sulphate, lime, and water, not ammonium carbonate.
Quick Tip: Accurate knowledge of fungicides and biological control measures is essential for effective disease management in agriculture.

Correct matching of hormones and their physiological effects is: Cytokinins increase stem length, Auxins prevent leaf and fruit drop, Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation and growth, and Abscisic acid promotes stomata closing.
Quick Tip: Understanding the roles of different plant hormones can help in their application for growth regulation and stress responses.

When seedlings are grown in the absence of light, they become etiolated, characterized by elongated, pale stems and small, unexpanded leaves due to lack of chlorophyll development.
Quick Tip: Recognizing signs of etiolation can help in ensuring that plants receive adequate light for proper growth and development.

Ethylene is involved in various aspects of growth regulation including the horizontal growth of seedlings, stem swelling, and apical hook formation in dicot seedlings. These effects help the seedling break through the soil surface.
Quick Tip: Ethylene's role in plant stress responses and developmental processes makes it a critical hormone for study in plant biology and agriculture.

The correct statements about photosynthesis are that green light is less effective for photosynthesis, when CO2 is added to PEP the first stable product is oxaloacetate, and PEP is the primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants. The Emerson effect refers to the enhancement of photosynthesis when red and far-red light are used together, not the liberation of oxygen alone.
Quick Tip: Understanding the specifics of photosynthesis, including light absorption and carbon fixation pathways, is crucial for fields like plant biology and agricultural sciences.

'Indian Farming' magazine is published by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), headquartered in New Delhi.
Quick Tip: ICAR is a central body responsible for coordinating agricultural education and research in India.

The first All India Co-ordinated Research Project was established for maize in the year 1957, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation.
Quick Tip: Collaborative research projects enhance crop yields and agricultural practices through focused and coordinated efforts.

The correct matches for the establishments are: Institute for Rural Management was established in 1979, National Academy for Agricultural Research Management in 1987, National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management in 1976, and National Institute of Agricultural Marketing in 1988.
Quick Tip: Awareness of the foundational years of agricultural institutes can provide context on the evolution of agricultural education and training in India.

The mode, being a measure of central tendency, is not used to describe dispersion. It indicates the most frequently occurring data point in a dataset.
Quick Tip: Understanding different statistical measures helps in accurately interpreting data and results in research and applied sciences.

In a normal distribution, about 68% of the data lies within one standard deviation of the mean.
Quick Tip: The rule of 68-95-99.7 (Empirical Rule) is fundamental in statistics for understanding the distribution of data points.

The degrees of freedom for a chi-square test in an \(m \times n\) contingency table are calculated using the formula \((m-1)(n-1)\).
Quick Tip: Properly determining degrees of freedom is crucial for the correct interpretation of chi-square tests in statistics.

The logical order for implementing an agricultural extension programme begins with conducting needs assessment, followed by developing materials, implementing the programme, and finally evaluating it.
Quick Tip: Effective agricultural extension programs are built on a strong understanding of the community's needs and ongoing evaluation.

The adoption process for innovations typically follows this sequence: Knowledge acquisition, Persuasion, Decision making, and then Implementation and Confirmation.
Quick Tip: Understanding the stages of adoption can help in effectively spreading new technologies and practices in various fields.

Market segmentation involves dividing the market into distinct groups based on varying needs and behaviors, allowing for targeted marketing strategies.
Quick Tip: Segmenting a market allows businesses to focus their efforts more efficiently and tailor their products to better meet consumer demands.

The correct matches are: Hans Krebs is known for the Citric acid cycle, P. Mitchell for the Chemiosmotic hypothesis, W. M. Stanley for the crystallization of Tobacco Mosaic Virus, and M. Calvin for the C3 cycle.
Quick Tip: These scientists and their discoveries have been foundational to modern biochemistry and molecular biology.

The correct sequence is light excitation in PS-I, electron transport from PS-II, generation of a proton gradient, and ATP synthesis by ATP synthase.
Quick Tip: Understanding the sequence of light reactions is fundamental for comprehending how plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

Sugarcane has kranz anatomy, Maize is a C4 plant, and the C4 pathway was indeed discovered by Hatch and Slack. The statement about Mg\(^{2+}\) ions is incorrect; it is Mn\(^{2+}\) that is involved in water photolysis.
Quick Tip: Clarifying the roles of minerals in photosynthesis can prevent misconceptions in plant biochemistry.

Iron is essential for chlorophyll biosynthesis, Zinc for IAA biosynthesis, Boron for pollen germination, and Manganese is crucial for the photolysis of water in photosynthesis.
Quick Tip: Each microelement plays a specific role in plant development and physiology, highlighting the complexity of plant nutrient requirements.

Hydroponics, the technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution without soil, is useful for studying essential mineral elements, commercial vegetable production, and identifying deficiency symptoms but not typically used for germplasm conservation.
Quick Tip: Hydroponics allows for precise control over nutrient delivery, making it ideal for experimental and commercial horticulture.

Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into nitrites and then to nitrogen gas, releasing it back into the atmosphere.
Quick Tip: Understanding soil bacteria functions helps in managing soil health and fertility in agricultural practices.

Gibberellin plays a key role in germination, stimulating the breakdown of starches in seeds to glucose, which is used as energy for growth.
Quick Tip: Gibberellins are essential for breaking seed dormancy and initiating germination, an important aspect of agricultural seed development.

Correct matches are Urea as an organic chemical fertilizer, CAN as a neutral fertilizer, SSP containing Sulphur, and MoP as KCl.
Quick Tip: Knowing the composition and type of fertilizers helps in their appropriate application, optimizing plant growth and minimizing environmental impact.

Black heart of Potato is caused by a deficiency of Boron, Interveinal chlorosis of younger leaves by Iron, Whip-tail in Cauliflower by Molybdenum, and Die-back of terminal buds by Calcium.
Quick Tip: Identifying specific nutrient deficiencies can guide effective supplementation and management practices in crop cultivation.

Gypsum is chemically known as calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the formula CaSO\(_4\).2H\(_2\)O.
Quick Tip: Gypsum is used in agriculture to improve soil structure and as a source of calcium and sulfur for plant nutrition.

Before being renamed as the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices in 1980, it was known as the Agricultural Prices Commission.
Quick Tip: The history of agricultural policy bodies provides insight into the evolving priorities and challenges of agricultural economics and policy-making.

The statements (A), (B), and (C) are correct. Statement (D) is incorrect because regression coefficients are not necessarily symmetric in their influence.
Quick Tip: Correlation provides a measure of the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables, which is scale invariant.

Alkaline soils typically have an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) greater than 15%.
Quick Tip: High ESP can lead to soil structure degradation, making it imperative to manage salinity and sodicity in agricultural lands.

Chrysanthemums do not propagate via corms; they are propagated through cuttings or division. Statements (B), (C), and (D) are correct.
Quick Tip: Understanding the specific propagation methods and growth requirements of different plants is crucial for effective horticulture.

The vibrant red-purple color of beetroot is primarily due to the presence of B-Cyanins and B-Xanthins.
Quick Tip: The pigments in beetroot not only provide color but also have antioxidant properties beneficial for health.

The correct sequence for making jelly is to first cut the fruits, then boil with water and add citric acid, followed by straining and testing for pectin, and finally adding sugar to boil and remove any scum.
Quick Tip: Proper sequence in food processing techniques like jelly making is essential for achieving the desired texture and flavor.

The correct associations are: Carrot with Protoandry, Radish with Sporophytic self-incompatibility, Brinjal with Heteromorphic flower, and Papaya with Dioecy.
Quick Tip: Recognizing the reproductive strategies of crops can aid in understanding their breeding patterns and pollination mechanisms.

The mango variety Amrapali is a hybrid cross between Dashehari and Neelum.
Quick Tip: Hybridization in fruit crops like mango can result in new varieties with improved traits such as flavor, size, and resistance to diseases.

The typical thermal efficiency of diesel engines ranges from 32% to 38%.
Quick Tip: Understanding the efficiency of different engine types can guide decisions in machinery selection for various applications.

Statement (A) is incorrect as conventional tillage usually involves turning over the soil completely, leaving little to no residue. Statements (B), (C), and (D) are correct.
Quick Tip: Understanding different tillage practices helps in making informed decisions that can lead to sustainable farming and soil conservation.

Drilling is a seed planting technique where seeds are systematically dropped into furrow lines in a continuous flow and then covered with soil. This method ensures uniform seed depth and spacing, which is crucial for optimal plant growth and yield. Drilling is a seed planting technique where seeds are systematically dropped into furrow lines in a continuous flow and then covered with soil. This method ensures uniform seed depth and spacing, which is crucial for optimal plant growth and yield.
Quick Tip: The drilling method of planting is efficient for large-scale farming, promoting even growth and facilitating mechanized farming.

The use of synthetic pyrethroids can lead to the resurgence of sucking pests, and alternate wetting and drying is an effective technique for controlling Brown Plant Hopper (B.P.H.) in rice. These methods are integral to integrated pest management strategies, which aim to minimize pest damage while reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.
Quick Tip: Understanding pest life cycles and their interactions with environmental factors is crucial for effective pest management in crops like rice.

Hand picking is a straightforward mechanical method of pest control where pests are physically removed from plants and killed. This method is effective in reducing pest populations without the use of chemicals, making it an environmentally friendly option.
Quick Tip: Mechanical methods like hand picking are environmentally friendly and can be effective in managing pest levels on a small scale or in gardens.

The National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR) is situated in Bengaluru, Karnataka. It serves as a key research center focused on agricultural insect resources, contributing significantly to pest management and agricultural research in India.
Quick Tip: Being aware of such key institutions can enhance collaboration and access to specialized knowledge in agricultural practices and pest management.

The correct matching pairs are A-1, B-III, C-IV, and D-II. This reflects the accurate identification of each term with its originator in the field of ecological and pest management studies.
Quick Tip: Understanding the history and origin of key scientific terms can provide deeper insights into their development and application in the field.

The correct sequence of organs in the alimentary canal of insects, starting from the mouth, is Pharynx, Oesophagus, Crop, and Ileum. This sequence describes the path that food follows from ingestion to digestion in insects.
Quick Tip: Knowledge of insect anatomy is essential for studying their feeding habits and developing targeted pest control strategies.