CUET PG Home Science Question Paper 2024: Download Question paper with Answers PDF

Solution: Poaching is a moist-heat cooking method that involves cooking food gently in a small amount of liquid at a temperature range of 80°C to 85°C. This method is ideal for delicate foods like eggs, fish, and fruits, ensuring they retain their shape and texture while being cooked. The low temperature prevents overcooking or breaking apart of the food.

Quick Tip: Poaching involves cooking food gently in a small amount of liquid, maintaining the temperature between 80°C and 85°C, which is ideal for delicate foods like eggs or fish.

Solution: Dredging is a cooking technique in which food is coated by passing it through a fine dry or powdery substance such as flour, breadcrumbs, or cornmeal. This is commonly done to prepare foods for frying or sautéing, ensuring a crisp and even outer layer.

Quick Tip: Dredging is a technique where food is coated in a fine dry substance, such as flour or breadcrumbs, to prepare it for frying or baking.

Solution:

A. Conalbumin interferes with the absorption of iron. (I)

B. Ovomucoid acts as a trypsin inhibitor. (II)

C. Avidin binds biotin, making the vitamin unavailable. (IV)

D. Ovoglobulin consists of two components, G1 and G2; both are excellent foaming agents. (III)

Quick Tip: Each egg protein has a specific function: Conalbumin (A) is a foaming agent; Ovomucoid (B) binds biotin, Avidin (C) interferes with iron absorption, and Ovoglobulin (D) inhibits trypsin.

Solution: Carbon dioxide is commonly used as a propellant gas in pressurized packaged foods due to its non-toxic nature and ability to preserve freshness. Other gases like hydrogen sulfide and sulfur gas are not safe for food use.

Quick Tip: The type of gas used in packaging to ensure food safety and freshness.

Solution: Freezer burn occurs when water molecules evaporate from the frozen food surface due to sublimation, leading to a dehydrated and dry texture. This can affect the taste and quality of the food.

Quick Tip: Use airtight containers or freezer bags to prevent freezer burn.

Solution: Methionine is an essential amino acid characterized by a sulfur-containing side chain. Its structure includes a methyl group attached to the sulfur atom, distinguishing it from other amino acids like alanine, leucine, and isoleucine.

Quick Tip: Methionine plays a critical role in protein synthesis and acts as a precursor for important molecules like S-adenosylmethionine.

Solution: The TCA (Tricarboxylic Acid) cycle involves decarboxylation, hydrolysis, and phosphorylation reactions, but not dephosphorylation reactions. Phosphorylation occurs in the substrate-level phosphorylation step.

Quick Tip: Focus on the core steps of the TCA cycle: oxidation, decarboxylation, and substrate-level phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation is not part of the cycle.

Solution: Fatty acid biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm where acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA are involved in the enzymatic synthesis. Mitochondria, in contrast, are the site for fatty acid oxidation.

Quick Tip: Biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm, while breakdown (oxidation) occurs in the mitochondria.

Solution: Allosteric inhibitors bind to the enzyme at a site other than the active site and are involved in feedback regulation, altering enzyme activity. This mechanism often plays a key role in feedback regulation to maintain metabolic balance.

Quick Tip: Feedback inhibition by allosteric regulators ensures that metabolic pathways are tightly controlled and not overactive.

Solution: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) recommend an average of 95 mg/day of vitamin C for lactating women to meet the increased nutritional requirements during lactation.

Quick Tip: Vitamin C is essential for lactating women to support both maternal and infant health. Remember the updated value of 95 mg/d as per the 2024 recommendation.

Solution: Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma, contributing around 60 percent of the total plasma protein. It is essential for maintaining oncotic pressure and transporting various molecules.

Quick Tip: Albumin is the primary protein for maintaining blood volume and pressure, making it the highest contributor to plasma protein.

Solution: Clay-colored stools are indicative of bile duct obstruction, which prevents bile from reaching the intestine. Bile is essential for fat digestion, and its absence causes bulky, greasy stools.

Quick Tip: Clay-colored stools are a hallmark of bile duct obstruction. Look for accompanying symptoms like jaundice for confirmation.

Solution: The nutritional care process starts with assessing nutritional status, followed by identifying problems, planning nutritional care, evaluating the outcomes, and finally implementing nutritional interventions. This sequence ensures an effective and comprehensive approach to nutritional management.

Quick Tip: Use the sequence: Assess → Identify → Plan → Evaluate → Implement (AIPEI) for easier recall of the steps in nutritional care.

Solution: Growth monitoring starts with determining the child's correct age, followed by measuring the correct weight, plotting the weight against age on a growth chart, and finally interpreting the growth curve to assess if the child is growing properly.

Quick Tip: Use the sequence: Age → Weight → Plot → Interpret (AWPI) for remembering the steps in growth monitoring.

Solution: Parenteral nutrition bypasses the gastrointestinal tract entirely. Nutrients are delivered intravenously, typically to patients with severe GI dysfunction or those who cannot consume food orally. Statement (A) is incorrect as it describes enteral feeding, which involves accessing the gastrointestinal tract.

Quick Tip: Parenteral nutrition = IV delivery of nutrients. It's for patients unable to use their GI tract.

Solution: Niacin deficiency leads to pellagra, which is characterized by the symptoms Casal's necklace, dementia, diarrhoea, and sometimes delirium. These symptoms are associated with severe niacin deficiency, affecting the skin, nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract.

Quick Tip: The symptoms of niacin deficiency are often summarized as the "4 Ds": Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea, and Delirium.

Solution: Common adulterants in coffee include chicory, starch, and tamarind or date-seed powder, which are used to add bulk or alter flavor. Cassia bark is not a typical coffee adulterant.

Quick Tip: Coffee adulterants often aim to mimic color or increase volume, but cassia bark is not used for such purposes.

Solution: Lipstick stains are best removed by sponging the stained area with mentholated spirit. Other methods like salt water, ammonia, or soap are not as effective in breaking down the oils and pigments in lipstick.

Quick Tip: For stubborn lipstick stains, always use mentholated spirit to effectively dissolve the oil-based residue.

Solution: Disperse dyes are water-insoluble, low molecular weight dyes that dye synthetic fibers such as polyester, acetate, and nylon. They are non-ionic and dissolve in organic solvents to form a dye bath, which is critical for dyeing synthetic fibers.

Quick Tip: Disperse dyes dissolve in organic solvents and are primarily used for synthetic fibers like polyester and acetate.

Solution:

Athletes: Space suits fitted with a total life support system ensure survival in high-performance environments. Matches with I.

Divers: Snug cotton clothing and avoiding loose-fitting clothes provide comfort and safety during underwater activities. Matches with II.

Astronauts: Wet suits with slippers retain heat and provide protection in space. Matches with IV.

Home-maker working in the kitchen: Highly absorbent fabric is ideal for absorbing spills and ensuring comfort. Matches with III.

Quick Tip: Matching criteria for clothing:

• Athletes: Require full support in rigorous environments.
• Divers: Safety and snug clothing for mobility in water.
• Astronauts: Space-related protection like wetsuits.
• Home-makers: Practical absorbent materials for daily tasks.

Solution: The unfavorable properties of silk include its sensitivity to heat, poor resistance to prolonged sunlight exposure (leading to weakening of the fiber), and vulnerability to alkalis. It is, however, resistant to acids.

Quick Tip: Silk is sensitive to heat, sunlight, and alkalis. Handle with care to preserve its luster and integrity.

Solution: Chenille yarns are characterized by their caterpillar-like appearance, created by uniformly inserting tufts of fibers perpendicular to the yarn. This gives them a soft, fuzzy texture.

Quick Tip: "Chenille" means "caterpillar" in French, making it easy to remember their characteristic fuzzy structure.

Solution: The primary operations in the motions of the loom are shedding, picking, and beating. "Let off" is a secondary motion that involves unwinding the warp during weaving.

Quick Tip: The three primary loom motions: Shedding, Picking, and Beating (SPB). Let off is secondary.

Solution: Pique knit fabric features a distinctive honeycomb pattern, offering breathability and durability, making it ideal for sportswear like polo shirts.

Quick Tip: Think "Pique for Polo" to remember its honeycomb pattern and use in sportswear.

Solution: The correct order of steps is:

(B) Preparation of fabric and print paste

(E) Printing of fabric

(A) Drying

(D) Fixing of dyestuff

(C) Washing off and soaping treatment

This sequence ensures that the fabric is prepared, printed, and finished effectively.

Quick Tip: Use the mnemonic "Prepare → Print → Dry → Fix → Wash" to recall the steps in fabric printing. Note: Drying usually precedes fixing.

Solution: Schreinering is a finishing process where the fabric is pressed with rollers etched with fine diagonal lines, giving it a smooth texture and soft luster. This process enhances the appearance and feel of the fabric.

Quick Tip: Schreinering = "Shiny and smooth" fabric. Think of the etched roller lines as enhancing luster.

Solution: Jacquard weave is a technique used to create intricate patterns such as brocade, damask, and brocatelle. It involves a loom that controls individual warp threads, allowing complex designs.

Quick Tip: Jacquard = Intricate patterns. Think of brocade and damask as luxurious examples of this weave.

Solution: The correct sequence is:

(A) Shearing, grading, and sorting

(E) Scouring

(D) Carbonisation

(C) Carding

(B) Combing

This ensures the wool fiber is cleaned, processed, and prepared for further use.

Quick Tip: Think: Shear → Scour → Carbonise → Card → Comb for the sequence of wool production.

Solution: The chemical composition of silk includes reactive carboxyl (COOH) and amino (NH₂) groups, very few cross-links between fibroin protein chains, and Van der Waal's forces that play a significant role in maintaining structural integrity. While hydrogen bonds exist, they are less significant in determining crystallinity compared to other fibers.

Quick Tip: Silk composition relies on COOH and NH₂ groups, fibroin protein chains, and Van der Waal's forces for its unique properties.

Solution: Angora fiber is derived from Angora rabbits. It is known for its silky texture and warmth, making it a valued material in the textile industry.

Quick Tip: Angora = Rabbits. Alpaca, Cashmere, and Mohair come from other animals like alpacas and goats.

Solution: Patka was a decorative strip worn by women during the Post-Vedic and Maurya periods. It was tucked at the center front of the waist over the antariya and often embellished for decorative purposes.

Quick Tip: Patka = Waist decoration. Remember it as a traditional Indian accessory.

Solution: The blanket stitch is shown in the image. It is used to finish the edges of fabric to prevent fraying and provides a decorative effect.

Quick Tip: Blanket stitch is used for edging blankets or fabrics. Recognize it by its characteristic looping edge.

Solution: Resiliency, which refers to the ability to recover shape after deformation, is considered a secondary property. Primary properties include cohesiveness, tenacity, and length-to-width ratio, which are fundamental for textile fiber usability.

Quick Tip: Primary fiber properties: Cohesiveness, tenacity, and aspect ratio. Resiliency is secondary.

Solution: The correct sequence for decision-making is:

(B) Identify the problem

(D) Identify the alternatives

(A) Evaluate the alternatives

(E) Make a decision

(C) Evaluate the decision

Quick Tip: Decision-making steps: Identify the problem → Identify alternatives → Evaluate alternatives → Decide → Evaluate decision.

Solution:

F-test: Used for testing the significance of the difference between the means of two large samples. Matches with III.

Chi-square test: Used for testing the significance of the difference between the means of two small samples. Matches with IV.

t-test: A test of independence used to estimate the likelihood that some factor other than chance accounts for the observed relationship. Matches with I.

Z-test: To determine whether the sample means differ significantly, considering between-group and within-group variances. Matches with II.

Quick Tip: For statistical tests:

• Z-test: Focuses on comparing group variances.
• t-test: Tests independence and associations between factors.
• Chi-square: Suitable for small sample mean comparisons.
• F-test: Works well for testing variances in large samples.

Understanding the purpose of these tests can help you match them quickly.

Solution:

Esprit de corps: Implies 'in union there is strength'; it stresses the need for team spirit, cordial relations, and cooperation among personnel. Matches with III.

Centralisation: Implies authority relationships from the top to the lowest echelons of an organization. Matches with IV.

Unity of direction: A set of activities having the same objective should be under the direction of a single manager. Matches with I.

Scalar chain of command: Relative concentration of much authority in a manager at any managerial level, but especially at the top managerial level. Matches with II.

Quick Tip: When matching principles of management:

• Esprit de corps: Think of team spirit and unity.
• Scalar chain: Concentration of authority at managerial levels.
• Unity of direction: Alignment of activities under one manager.
• Centralisation: Represents hierarchical authority relationships.

Use these associations to match quickly.

Solution: Hidden income includes benefits like community facilities, employee benefits (e.g., gratuity and bonuses), and consumer savings through buying at wholesale prices. Capital gains income is taxable and not hidden.

Quick Tip: Hidden income = Savings or benefits that are indirect or untaxed, like bonuses, wholesale savings, or public facilities.

Solution: Dovetailing refers to combining two or more activities simultaneously to save time and improve efficiency. For example, listening to an audiobook while exercising.

Quick Tip: Dovetailing = Multitasking effectively. Think of the efficiency of interlocking tasks like dovetail joints.

Solution: A typical work curve does not show acceleration in the last hour. Instead, it demonstrates a slow start, a peak, a dip mid-way, and a final spurt near the end of the work session.

Quick Tip: Work curve = Slow start → Peak performance → Midway dip → Final spurt. No last-hour acceleration!

Solution: The operation chart is a work simplification technique that records the actions of both hands in detail. It helps analyze and improve efficiency in tasks by showing how each hand is utilized during a process.

Quick Tip: Operation charts focus on hand movements to streamline tasks and enhance productivity.

Solution: Under the Sukanya Samriddhi Account scheme, the minimum deposit is INR 250/- and not INR 500/-, and the maximum deposit is INR 1,50,000/- per year. The rest of the features are correct.

Quick Tip: For SSA, remember: INR 250/- minimum deposit, INR 1,50,000/- maximum deposit per year.

Solution: Psychographic segmentation focuses on consumer lifestyles, social class, and personality traits to understand their preferences and behaviors.

Quick Tip: Psychographic = Lifestyle + Personality. Think of "psyche" for understanding deeper consumer motivations.

Solution:

• Task lighting: Provides focused lighting for workspaces using tools like down lights, track lights, or lamps. Matches with I.
• General lighting: Refers to total light in a room, also called ambient lighting. Matches with II.
• Accent lighting: Highlights works of art or architectural features, including track lights, indirect lighting, or wall-wash lighting. Matches with III.
• Decorative lighting: Focuses on the light fixture itself, such as chandeliers and lamps. Matches with IV.

Quick Tip:

• Task lighting: Functional lighting for workspaces.
• General lighting: Basic lighting in a room (ambient).
• Accent lighting: Highlights objects or features.
• Decorative lighting: Focuses on the aesthetics of fixtures.

Solution: The correct sequence is:

(C) Organisation for planning

(B) Planning process

(E) Planned programme

(D) Plan of work

(A) Execution of plan of work and evaluation

Quick Tip: Remember Sandhu's model: Organize → Plan → Programme → Work → Execute.

Solution: The correct sequence for making time plans is:

(A) Listing and grouping items under flexible and nonflexible

(E) Setting time required for each item of work

(C) Balancing time with the total time available

(B) Determining time sequence and order of work

(D) Writing out the plan

Quick Tip: Time planning steps: List → Set time → Balance time → Sequence → Write plan.

Solution: ISO (International Organization for Standardization) sets common international standards for products and services to facilitate trade and ensure quality, safety, and efficiency. It is applicable in diverse fields like hospitals and insurance.

Quick Tip: ISO = International standards for global trade facilitation and quality assurance.

Solution: IgG is the only antibody that can cross the placenta, providing passive immunity to the fetus. Other antibodies, like IgA, IgM, and IgE, do not cross the placental barrier.

Quick Tip: IgG = Placental transfer antibody, essential for fetal immunity.

Solution: Rh-negative individuals lack the Rh antigen (antigen D) on their RBC membranes and do not naturally have Rh antibodies unless exposed to Rh-positive blood.

Quick Tip: Rh-negative = No Rh antigen. Anti-D antibodies are only produced upon exposure to Rh-positive blood.

Solution: The F-diagram illustrates the routes of disease transmission, focusing on six pathways: Fluids, Fingers, Flies, Fomites, Food, and Fields. It also highlights hygiene measures to block transmission.

Quick Tip: F-diagram = Focuses on Fluids, Fingers, Flies, Food, Fields, and Fomites for understanding transmission.

Solution: The Scheme of Continuing Education was launched in 1995 to support adult learning, improve literacy rates, and provide opportunities for lifelong education, with a focus on bridging educational gaps.

Quick Tip: 1995 = Launch of Continuing Education Scheme to enhance adult education and literacy.

Solution: The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992, introduced Panchayati Raj Institutions, empowering local self-governments and ensuring democratic decentralization at the village level.

Quick Tip: 73rd Amendment = Panchayati Raj Institutions for grassroots governance.

Solution: PMMVY provides cash incentives to pregnant and lactating mothers to improve nutrition and health, ensuring compensation for wage loss during maternity.

Quick Tip: PMMVY = Nutrition and wage support for pregnant and lactating mothers.

Solution: The individual contact method is suitable for small, localized audiences as it allows for personalized communication and effective engagement.

Quick Tip: Individual contact = Best for small, concentrated audiences with tailored communication.

Solution: Formative evaluation is conducted at the beginning of a program to assess its design, feasibility, and potential improvements before implementation.

Quick Tip: Formative = Initial evaluation to refine program design and objectives.

Solution: Psychological organization (or lateralization) refers to the specialization and division of functions between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Quick Tip: Psychological organization = Functional specialization of brain hemispheres. Also consider: Lateralization = Division of functions between brain hemispheres.

Solution: Freud's psychosexual development stages are: Oral stage, Anal stage, Phallic stage, Latency stage, and Genital stage. These stages correspond to different aspects of personality and sexual development.

Quick Tip: Mnemonic: OAPLG (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital) for Freud's psychosexual stages.

Solution: Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory outlines five environmental systems influencing child development. The Chronosystem relates to changes over time, the Exosystem involves external influences, and the Mesosystem deals with interconnections among the microsystems.

Quick Tip: Bronfenbrenner's systems: Chronosystem, Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem.

Solution: Hetherington's pathways for navigating divorce include "The Defeated," "The Not-Good-Enoughs," and "The Enhancers." These groups represent distinct outcomes, with the enhancers being the most resilient and adaptive.

Quick Tip: Key Hetherington pathways: Defeated, Not-Good-Enoughs, and Enhancers – focusing on resilience and adaptability.

Solution:

Monogamous: One man marrying one woman. Matches with IV.

Polyandrous: One woman marrying many men. Matches with III.

Exogamous: Marrying outside the group. Matches with II.

Endogamous: Marrying within the group. Matches with I.

Quick Tip: To match forms of marriage:

• Monogamous: Mono means "one" (one man, one woman).
• Polyandrous/Polygamous: Poly means "many"; androus refers to "men," -gamous refers to marriage.
• Exogamous: Exo means "outside" (marrying outside the group).
• Endogamous: Endo means "within" (marrying within the group).

These definitions make matching easier.

Solution: Pre-term infants are defined as those born before completing 37 weeks of gestation. This classification helps in identifying babies who may need additional care and monitoring.

Quick Tip: Remember: A full-term pregnancy ranges from 37 to 42 weeks.

Solution: Reflexes such as Moro, Grasping, and Babinski are involuntary actions seen in infants. Blinking of eyes, however, is a voluntary action rather than a reflex.

Quick Tip: Reflexes are automatic responses to stimuli, commonly observed in newborns, such as the Moro and Grasping reflexes.

Solution: Extension education refers to the process of imparting knowledge and skills outside of formal education systems. It is designed to meet the specific learning needs of individuals or groups.

Quick Tip: Non-formal education often emphasizes flexibility and practical applications, tailored to learners' needs.

Solution: The PM Poshan (formerly known as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme) is the largest school feeding program in India, aimed at improving nutritional levels among school children.

Quick Tip: PM Poshan focuses on enhancing education and nutrition for children, promoting school attendance and performance.

Solution:

NHM (National Health Mission): Provides elementary education including life skills. Matches with I.

ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme): Improves the nutritional and health status of children in the age group of 0-6 years. Matches with II.

MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act): Provides not less than 100 days of unskilled manual work as guaranteed employment in rural areas. Matches with III.

SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan): Universal access to equitable, affordable, and quality health services. Matches with IV.

Quick Tip: To match schemes with objectives:

• NHM: Think of education and life skills.
• ICDS: Child nutrition and health.
• MGNREGA: Guarantees rural employment.
• SSA: Focuses on health services.

Use these associations for accurate matching.

Solution: Knowles' principles of adult learning emphasize that adults are relevancy-oriented, internally motivated, self-directed, goal-oriented, and practical in their approach to learning. They prefer learning that applies directly to their personal and professional lives, rather than rote memorization.

Quick Tip: Adult learning is most effective when it focuses on problem-solving, relevancy, and practical application.

Solution: Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience organizes learning experiences from the most concrete to the most abstract. The correct order from bottom to top is: Dramatized experiences (D), Field trips (B), Demonstrations (A), and Exhibits (C). This sequence reflects the transition from hands-on, direct experiences to abstract and symbolic representations.

Quick Tip: Dale's Cone emphasizes engaging learners through concrete experiences before introducing abstract concepts for better retention.

Solution:

Marthandam Project: Associated with Dr. Spencer Hatch. Matches with II.

Gurgaon Project: Associated with F. L. Byrne. Matches with IV.

Sriniketan Project: Associated with Rabindra Nath Tagore. Matches with I.

Etawah Pilot Project: Associated with Lt. Col. Albert Mayor. Matches with III.

Quick Tip: To remember community development projects:

• Marthandam Project: Focused on rural upliftment, linked with Dr. Spencer Hatch.
• Gurgaon Project: Linked with F. L. Byrne, emphasized community cooperation.
• Sriniketan Project: An initiative by Rabindra Nath Tagore for rural development.
• Etawah Pilot Project: Directed by Lt. Col. Albert Mayor for rural upliftment in India.

Memorizing key contributors helps to match projects accurately.

Solution: Fourth-generation media focus on interactive and digital platforms like mobile applications, Internet TV, and podcasts. These tools align with modern technology for communication and education. This evolution emphasizes user engagement, real-time content delivery, and personalized experiences, reshaping how information is consumed and shared in the digital age.

Quick Tip: Key fourth-generation media include digital platforms such as apps, Internet TV, and podcasts.

Solution: Ashoka Mehta's report categorized Panchayati Raj Institutions into two main phases to streamline decentralization and local governance systems. The report emphasized empowering these institutions with greater financial and administrative autonomy, ensuring grassroots participation in decision-making and developmental planning.

Quick Tip: Remember: Two phases in Ashoka Mehta's Panchayati Raj report focus on decentralization.

Solution: Method demonstrations emphasize active engagement and hands-on participation to enhance learning outcomes based on practical experience. This approach bridges the gap between theory and practice, enabling learners to acquire skills more effectively through observation, imitation, and direct involvement.

Quick Tip: "Learning by Doing" is central to method demonstration for practical skill acquisition.

Solution: Rashtriya Mahila Kosh aims to provide affordable micro-credit to underprivileged women, promoting financial independence and self-reliance. It supports income-generating activities through capacity-building programs and fosters entrepreneurship among women in rural and urban areas.

Quick Tip: Focus on micro-credit schemes: Rashtriya Mahila Kosh supports financial independence for women.

Solution: Reliability testing ensures consistent results using methods like Test-retest, Parallel-form, and Split-half techniques. Concurrent validity checks are not applicable for reliability testing. Reliability focuses on the stability and precision of measurements, while validity assesses the accuracy and relevance of what the test intends to measure.

Quick Tip: Reliability testing focuses on consistency, using Test-retest, Parallel-form, and Split-half methods.