UP Board Syllabus 2027: Class 10, Class 12, Subject-Wise Topics, Weightage and PDF Download

Real Numbers, Euclid’s Division Lemma, Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Irrational Numbers, Decimal Expansions of Rational Numbers

Polynomials and Zeroes of a Polynomial, Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables (Graphical and Algebraic Methods), Quadratic Equations (Factorisation and Discriminant Method), Arithmetic Progressions

Distance Formula, Section Formula, Area of a Triangle using Coordinates

Triangles — Similarity Criteria and Pythagoras Theorem; Circles — Tangents and Number of Tangents from a Point; Constructions — Division of Line Segment, Tangent to a Circle

Trigonometric Ratios and Standard Angles, Trigonometric Identities, Heights and Distances (Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression)

Areas Related to Circles (Sector, Segment), Surface Areas and Volumes of Combinations of Solids, Volume and Surface Area of Frustum of a Cone

Mean, Median, Mode of Grouped Data, Cumulative Frequency Distribution and Ogive, Simple Probability and Classical Definition

Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Metals and Non-metals, Carbon and Its Compounds, Periodic Classification of Elements

Life Processes (Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, Excretion), Control and Coordination (Nervous and Hormonal System), How Organisms Reproduce, Heredity and Evolution

Light — Reflection and Refraction, Spherical Mirrors and Lenses, Human Eye and Colourful World, Atmospheric Refraction and Dispersion

Electricity (Ohm’s Law, Resistance in Series and Parallel, Heating Effect), Magnetic Effects of Electric Current (Fleming’s Rules, Electric Motor, Generator)

Sources of Energy (Conventional and Non-conventional), Our Environment (Ecosystem, Food Chain, Ozone Layer), Management of Natural Resources

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe, Nationalism in India, The Making of a Global World, The Age of Industrialisation, Print Culture and the Modern World

Resources and Development, Forest and Wildlife Resources, Water Resources, Agriculture, Minerals and Energy Resources, Manufacturing Industries, Life Lines of National Economy

Power Sharing, Federalism, Democracy and Diversity, Gender Religion and Caste, Popular Struggles and Movements, Political Parties, Outcomes of Democracy, Challenges to Democracy

Development, Sectors of the Indian Economy, Money and Credit, Globalisation and the Indian Economy, Consumer Rights

Electric Charges and Fields, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Lines, Gauss’s Theorem, Electric Potential and Potential Energy, Capacitance, Dielectrics and Polarisation

Electric Current and Drift Velocity, Ohm’s Law and Resistivity, Kirchhoff’s Laws, Wheatstone Bridge, Meter Bridge, Potentiometer

Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law, Moving Coil Galvanometer, Bar Magnet and Magnetic Dipole, Earth’s Magnetism, Dia-, Para-, and Ferromagnetism

Faraday’s Laws of Induction, Lenz’s Law, Self-Inductance and Mutual Inductance, AC Generator, Transformer, Resonance Circuit, Power Factor in AC Circuits

Displacement Current, Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum and Uses of Each Band

Reflection by Spherical Mirrors, Refraction at Plane and Spherical Surfaces, Total Internal Reflection, Lens Formula and Power, Optical Instruments (Microscope, Telescope), Wave Optics — Huygens’ Principle, Interference (Young’s Experiment), Diffraction, Polarisation by Brewster’s Law

Photoelectric Effect, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation, de Broglie Hypothesis, Davisson-Germer Experiment

Rutherford and Bohr Models, Hydrogen Spectrum, Radioactivity (Alpha, Beta, Gamma Decay), Nuclear Binding Energy, Nuclear Fission and Fusion

Energy Bands in Solids, p-n Junction Diode, Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifier, Zener Diode, LED, Solar Cell, Transistor (CE Configuration), Logic Gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR)

Elements of a Communication System, Bandwidth of Signals and Transmission Mediums, Modulation (AM and FM), Space Wave Propagation

Types of Solids, Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells, Packing Efficiency, Defects in Solids, Electrical and Magnetic Properties

Concentration Terms, Vapour Pressure of Solutions, Raoult’s Law, Colligative Properties (Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression, Osmotic Pressure), van’t Hoff Factor

Electrolytic Conductance, Electrochemical Cells, EMF, Nernst Equation, Gibbs Energy, Batteries, Fuel Cells, Corrosion

Rate of Reaction and Rate Law, Order and Molecularity, Integrated Rate Equations (Zero and First Order), Half-Life, Activation Energy, Arrhenius Equation, Catalysis

Adsorption (Physisorption and Chemisorption), Catalysis (Homogeneous and Heterogeneous), Colloids and Emulsions, Tyndall Effect

Occurrence of Metals, Concentration of Ores, Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy, Ellingham Diagram, Refining Methods

Groups 15–18: Nitrogen Family (Ammonia, Nitric Acid), Oxygen Family (Ozone, Sulphuric Acid), Halogen Family (Interhalogen Compounds), Noble Gases

Transition Elements — Properties and Trends, Lanthanoids and Actinoids, Coordination Compounds — IUPAC Naming, Isomerism, Werner’s Theory, Crystal Field Theory

Nomenclature and Classification, Physical and Chemical Properties, SN1 and SN2 Reactions, Polyhalogen Compounds (DDT, BHC, Freons)

Preparation and Chemical Properties of Alcohols, Phenols (Acidity, Electrophilic Substitution), Ethers (Williamson’s Synthesis)

Preparation and Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones, Nucleophilic Addition Reactions, Aldol Condensation, Cannizzaro Reaction, Properties of Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives

Classification and Nomenclature, Preparation (Gabriel Phthalimide, Hofmann Bromamide), Basic Strength, Diazonium Salts and Coupling Reactions

Carbohydrates (Mono-, Di-, Polysaccharides), Proteins (Amino Acids, Primary to Quaternary Structure), Enzymes, Vitamins, Nucleic Acids

Classification and Types of Polymerisation, Commercial Polymers, Drugs and Their Classification, Chemicals in Food, Cleansing Agents

Types of Relations (Reflexive, Symmetric, Transitive, Equivalence), Inverse Trigonometric Functions — Domain, Range, and Principal Value Branch

Matrices — Types, Operations, Transpose, Inverse by Elementary Operations; Determinants — Properties, Cofactors, Adjoint, Cramer’s Rule, Area of Triangle

Continuity and Differentiability, Derivatives of Composite and Implicit Functions, Mean Value Theorems, Increasing and Decreasing Functions, Maxima and Minima; Integration — Methods (Substitution, Partial Fractions, By Parts), Definite Integrals, Area Between Curves; Differential Equations — Order, Degree, General and Particular Solutions

Vectors — Addition, Dot and Cross Product, Scalar and Vector Triple Product; Direction Cosines, Equation of Line and Plane in 3D, Angle Between Line and Plane, Distance of a Point from a Plane

Formulation of LPP, Graphical Method, Feasible Region, Corner Point Theorem, Different Types of LPP Problems

Conditional Probability, Multiplication Theorem, Bayes’ Theorem, Random Variable and Probability Distribution, Mean and Variance of a Random Variable, Bernoulli Trials, Binomial Distribution

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (Pollination, Fertilisation, Embryogenesis), Human Reproductive System, Reproductive Health and STIs

Mendel’s Laws, Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, Sex-Linked Inheritance; Molecular Basis of Inheritance — DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription, Translation, Gene Regulation; Darwinism, Natural Selection, Human Evolution

Human Health and Diseases (Bacterial, Viral, Protozoan), Enhancement in Food Production (Plant Breeding, Tissue Culture, Biofortification), Microbes in Human Welfare (Fermentation, Biogas, Antibiotics)

Recombinant DNA Technology (Restriction Enzymes, Vectors, PCR), Biotechnology Applications in Agriculture (Bt Crops, RNA Interference), Medical Applications (Insulin, Gene Therapy), Bioethics

Organisms and Populations (Growth Models, Interactions), Ecosystem (Energy Flow, Nutrient Cycling), Biodiversity and Conservation (Hotspots, IUCN Categories), Environmental Issues (Pollution, Global Warming, Deforestation)

Part 1 — Partnership Accounts: Nature of Partnership, Goodwill Valuation, Reconstitution (Admission, Retirement, Death of a Partner), Dissolution of a Partnership Firm.
Part 2 — Company Accounts: Share Capital (Issue, Forfeiture, Re-issue), Debentures, Cash Flow Statement, Financial Statement Analysis, Ratio Analysis

Nature and Significance of Management, Principles of Management (Fayol and Taylor), Business Environment, Planning and Organising, Staffing, Directing, Controlling, Financial Management (Leverage, Capital Structure), Financial Markets (Stock Exchange, SEBI), Marketing Management (Marketing Mix), Consumer Protection

Macro Economics: National Income and Accounting, Money and Banking, Determination of Income (Keynesian Model), Government Budget and Fiscal Policy, Balance of Payments.
Indian Economic Development: Development Experience since Independence, Economic Reforms (Liberalisation, Privatisation, Globalisation), Current Challenges (Poverty, Unemployment, Infrastructure)

Bricks, Beads and Bones (Harappan Civilisation), Kings, Farmers and Towns, Kinship, Caste and Class, Thinkers and Beliefs, Travellers’ Accounts, Bhakti and Sufi Traditions, An Imperial Capital (Vijayanagara), Peasants, Zamindars and the State, Colonialism and the Countryside, Rebels and Raj, Colonial Cities, Mahatma Gandhi and the National Movement, Understanding Partition, Framing the Constitution

Fundamentals of Human Geography: Human Geography — Nature and Scope, The World Population, Human Development, Primary Activities, Secondary Activities, Tertiary and Quaternary Activities, Transport, Communication and Trade, International Trade, Human Settlements.
India — People and Economy: Population, Human Settlements, Land Resources, Water Resources, Mineral and Energy Resources, Planning and Sustainable Development, Transport and Communication, International Trade

Contemporary World Politics: Cold War Era, End of Bipolarity, Contemporary Centres of Power, South Asia and International Relations, United Nations and International Organisations, Security in Contemporary World, Environment and Natural Resources, Globalisation.
Politics in India since Independence: Era of One-Party Dominance, Politics in the 1960s, Politics of Planned Development, India’s External Relations, Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System, Regional Aspirations, Recent Developments in Indian Politics

Introducing Indian Society, Demographic Structure, Social Institutions (Family, Kinship, Marriage), Social Inequality and Exclusion, Challenges of Cultural Diversity, Changes and Development in Rural Society, Industrialisation and Urbanisation, Globalisation and Social Change, Mass Media and Communications

Variations in Psychological Attributes, Self and Personality, Meeting Life Challenges (Stress and Coping), Psychological Disorders, Therapeutic Approaches, Attitude and Social Cognition, Social Influence and Group Processes, Psychology and Life, Developing Psychological Skills