COPPER (I) CHLORIDE FORMULA: Derivation & Properties

Ans: Firstly, Write the symbol for copper and chlorine (chloride)

Copper - Cu, Chlorine - Cl

Next, we write the formula using the symbols

CuCl^- Cu¹⁺ Cl^1-

Since +1 and -1 = 0

Therefore, we get CuCl (Copper (I) Chloride).

Ans: The difference between Copper (I) Chloride and Copper (II) Chloride is as follows:

COPPER (I) CHLORIDE	COPPER (II) CHLORIDE
Copper (II) Chloride is white with a slight green colour due to oxidized impurities.	Copper (II) Chloride is a yellow-brown solid (anhydrous), blue-green solid (dihydrate) in colour.
Another name for Copper (I) Chloride is Cuprous Chloride.	Another name for Copper (II) Chloride is Cupric Chloride.
Metal is found in a +1 oxidation state.	Metal is found in a +2 oxidation state.
The chemical formula for Copper (I) Chloride is CuCl	The chemical formula for Copper (II) Chloride is CuCl2
STRUCTURE FORMULA: Cu–Cl	STRUCTURE FORMULA:

Ans: Copper (I) Chloride is used for various uses which are as follows:

1. It is often used as a catalyst in organic reactions.
2. It also acts as a decolourising agent for substances like petroleum.
3. It is used in industries like copper manufacturing, pigments, etc.
4. It also works as a denigrating agent for substances like cellulose.
5. Petroleum industry often uses the substance for a process called oil-sweetening.
6. Copper (I) Chloride is also used in pyrotechnics as a colouring agent for the colour blue and/ or green.

Ans: Copper (I) Chloride was first prepared by Robert Boyle in the mid-seventeenth century. He prepared Copper (I) Chloride using Mercury (II) Chloride (HgCl₂) and copper metals. The following equation represents the reaction:

HgCl₂ + 2Cu → 2CuCl + Hg

Copper (I) Chloride is usually prepared by a direct combining of copper metals and chlorine at 450- 900°C. The equation for the same is:

2 Cu + CL₂ → 2CuCl

Another way of preparing Copper (I) Chloride is reducing Copper (II) Chloride (CuCl₂) with sulfur dioxide (SO₂). The equation for the same is:

2CuCl₂ + SO₂ + H₂O → 2CuCl + H₂SO₄ + 2HCl

Ans: To understand why CuCl is covalent and NaCl covalent. We need to first understand the effect called polarization. Polarization refers to the effect on cation and anions wherein, when a cation approaches an anion, it leads to more electron clouds from the cation getting attracted to the anion, leading to distortion.

With an increase in polarization, there is an increase in the concentration of electrons between atoms, leading towards a covalent character rather than ionic. And when there are two cations with equal dimensions the one with a pseudo noble gas structure has more polarizing power. In the case of CuCl and NaCl, CuCl has a pseudo noble gas structure and so it is more covalent.

Ans: The differences between Copper (I) Chloride and Copper (I) Sulfate:

Ans: Difference between Copper (I) Chloride and Copper (I) Oxide are as follows:

Ans: The differences between Copper (I) Chloride and Cooper (I) Acetylide are as follows:

Ans: The difference between Ammoniacal Cuprous Chloride and Cuprous Chloride are as follows:

Ans: Ammoniacal cuprous chloride is in simple words the solution of Cuprous Chloride in ammonia. Its formula is Cl₄CuH₈N₂ . Copper acetylide is prepared by treating acetylene with CuCl and Ammonia. The equation for the same is

C₂H₂ (g) + 2CuCl (s) → Cu₂C₂ + HCl (g)

The precipitation thus formed from the reaction is a red solid.