NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Physics Chapter 12: Thermodynamics

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics are given in this article. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of the transformation of heat energy into several other forms of energy. For example, when we rub our palms together, the work done in rubbing produces heat. This process of rubbing hands denotes a Thermodynamic process.

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics is of Unit 8 which has a weightage of 20 marks along with unit 7 and Unit 9. Class 11 NCERT Solutions for Chapter 12 cover important concepts of laws of thermodynamics, Carnot Cycle, Born Haber Cycle, and Enthalpy.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 – Concepts Covered

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the transformation of heat into other forms of energy and vice-versa.

A collection of a large number of atoms or molecules confined within certain boundaries in a way that it has specific values of pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) is known as a thermodynamic system.

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics identifies thermal equilibrium and introduces the concept of temperature as a tool for identifying equilibrium.

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system then those two systems themselves are in equilibrium with each other.

Work is said to be done if a system moves a certain distance in the direction of the applied force.

It is given as dW = PdV
where P refers to the pressure of the gas in the cylinder.

First Law of Thermodynamics is the general law of conservation of energy applied to a body or a system.

The total change in heat energy in any system is the sum of the work done and the change in internal energy.

Second Law of Thermodynamics is the principle that disallows certain phenomena that are consistent with the First law of thermodynamics.

The two statements of second law of thermodynamics are as follows –
- Kelvin-Planck Statement: It is impossible to form an engine, operating in a cycle, to extract heat from a hot body and then convert it completely into work without leaving change anywhere i.e., 100% conversion of heat into work is not possible.
- Clausius Statement: It is impossible for a self acting machine, operating in a cycle, without the help of any external energy to transfer heat from a cold body to a hot body. Heat can not flow itself from a colder body to a hotter body.

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Related Guides –

Terms Related to Thermodynamics	Entropy	Heat Engine
Refrigerator and Heat Pump	Bomb Calorimeter	Celsius Scale
Enthalpy and Entropy	Enthalpy Change	Thermodynamic Processes
Isobaric process	Cyclic process	Reversible and irreversible processes
Applications of Thermodynamics	Heat Capacity	Standard Enthalpy of Formation

Class 11 Physics Study Guides:

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics	Physics Formula	Class 11 Physics Notes
Relation between articles in Physics	Derivations in Physics	SI Units in Physics
Difference between in Physics	Physics Constants	Physics Study Notes

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Write any two features of nuclear forces.
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2.
Write the expression for the magnetic field due to a current element in vector form. Consider a 1 cm segment of a wire, centered at the origin, carrying a current of 10 A in positive x-direction. Calculate the magnetic field \( \mathbf{B} \) at a point \( (1 \, \text{m}, 1 \, \text{m}, 0) \).
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3.
If both the number of protons and the neutrons are conserved in each nuclear reaction, in what way is mass converted into energy (or vice versa) in a nuclear reaction? Explain.
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4.
A tank is filled with a liquid to a height of \( 12.5 \, \text{m} \). The apparent depth of a needle lying at the bottom of the tank is measured to be \( 9.0 \, \text{m} \). Calculate the speed of light in the liquid.
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5.
A long solenoid of length \( L \) and radius \( r_1 \) having \( N_1 \) turns is surrounded symmetrically by a coil of radius \( r_2 \, (r_2>r_1) \) having \( N_2 \) turns (\( N_2 \ll N_1 \)) around its mid-point. Derive an expression for the mutual inductance of solenoid and coil. Is \( M_{12} = M_{21} \) valid in this case?
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6.
Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y are connected in series to a 6 V battery. They have the same plate area and same plate separation but capacitor X has air between its plates, whereas capacitor Y contains a material of dielectric constant 4. Calculate the capacitances of X and Y, if the equivalent capacitance of the combination of X and Y is \( 4 \, \mu\text{F} \). Calculate the potential difference across the plates of X and Y.
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