NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Physics Chapter 12: Thermodynamics

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics are given in this article. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of the transformation of heat energy into several other forms of energy. For example, when we rub our palms together, the work done in rubbing produces heat. This process of rubbing hands denotes a Thermodynamic process.

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics is of Unit 8 which has a weightage of 20 marks along with unit 7 and Unit 9. Class 11 NCERT Solutions for Chapter 12 cover important concepts of laws of thermodynamics, Carnot Cycle, Born Haber Cycle, and Enthalpy.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 – Concepts Covered

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the transformation of heat into other forms of energy and vice-versa.

A collection of a large number of atoms or molecules confined within certain boundaries in a way that it has specific values of pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) is known as a thermodynamic system.

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics identifies thermal equilibrium and introduces the concept of temperature as a tool for identifying equilibrium.

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system then those two systems themselves are in equilibrium with each other.

Work is said to be done if a system moves a certain distance in the direction of the applied force.

It is given as dW = PdV
where P refers to the pressure of the gas in the cylinder.

First Law of Thermodynamics is the general law of conservation of energy applied to a body or a system.

The total change in heat energy in any system is the sum of the work done and the change in internal energy.

Second Law of Thermodynamics is the principle that disallows certain phenomena that are consistent with the First law of thermodynamics.

The two statements of second law of thermodynamics are as follows –
- Kelvin-Planck Statement: It is impossible to form an engine, operating in a cycle, to extract heat from a hot body and then convert it completely into work without leaving change anywhere i.e., 100% conversion of heat into work is not possible.
- Clausius Statement: It is impossible for a self acting machine, operating in a cycle, without the help of any external energy to transfer heat from a cold body to a hot body. Heat can not flow itself from a colder body to a hotter body.

Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Related Guides –

Terms Related to Thermodynamics	Entropy	Heat Engine
Refrigerator and Heat Pump	Bomb Calorimeter	Celsius Scale
Enthalpy and Entropy	Enthalpy Change	Thermodynamic Processes
Isobaric process	Cyclic process	Reversible and irreversible processes
Applications of Thermodynamics	Heat Capacity	Standard Enthalpy of Formation

Class 11 Physics Study Guides:

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics	Physics Formula	Class 11 Physics Notes
Relation between articles in Physics	Derivations in Physics	SI Units in Physics
Difference between in Physics	Physics Constants	Physics Study Notes

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
The resistance of a metal wire at $20^\circ\text{C}$ is $1.05\,\Omega$ and at $100^\circ\text{C}$ is $1.38\,\Omega$. Determine the temperature coefficient of resistivity of this metal.
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2.
A wire of length $L$ is bent round into (i) a square coil having $N$ turns and (ii) a circular coil having $N$ turns. The coil in both cases is free to turn about a vertical axis coinciding with the plane of the coil, in a uniform, horizontal magnetic field and carry the same currents. Find the ratio of the maximum value of the torque acting on the square coil to that on the circular coil.
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3.
Two point charges -Q and Q are located at points (d, 0) and (0, d) respectively, in x-y plane. The electric field E at the origin will be:
- $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{\sqrt{2}Q}{d^2} (\hat{i} - \hat{j})$
- $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{\sqrt{2}Q}{d^2} (-\hat{i} - \hat{j})$
- $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{Q}{d^2} (\hat{i} - \hat{j})$
- $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{Q}{d^2} (-\hat{i} - \hat{j})$
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4.
A ray of light MN is incident normally on the face corresponding with side AB of a prism with an isosceles right-angled triangular base ABC. Trace the path of the ray as it passes through the prism when the refractive index of the prism material is (i) $\sqrt{2}$, and (ii) $\sqrt{3}$.
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5.
(I) The real image of an object placed between $f$ and $2f$ from a convex lens can be seen on a screen placed at the image location. If the screen is removed, is the image still there? Explain.
(II) Plane and convex mirrors produce virtual images of objects. Can they produce real images under some circumstances? Explain.
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6.
A current of $4.0\,\text{A}$ flows through a wire of length $1\,\text{m}$ and cross-sectional area $1.0\,\text{mm}^2$, when a potential difference of $2\,\text{V}$ is applied across its ends. Calculate the resistivity of the material of the wire.
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