Important MCQs on Plant Morphology

Ans. d) Root Hairs

Explanation: The roots are the non-green part of plants that are mainly under the ground and help in providing anchorage to the plant.  Root hairs are the part of the root where all the absorption of water and other minerals takes place. The tip of the root contains root hairs which increase surface area for absorption of water and minerals. 

Ans. c) Adventitious

Explanation: Adventitious roots are the part of roots that emerge from non-root tissue. These are produced during normal development. For example- nodal roots on strawberries and crown roots on cereals. They can also be produced in stressful conditions, such as flood areas, nutrient deprivation, and wounding.

Check More: Fibrous Root System

Ans. c) Marshy Soil

Explanation: Pneumatophores are types of respiratory root that helps the plants for respiration which grow in marshy or aqueous lands so that the roots grow negatively geotropic for taking oxygen from the air.  

Ans. a) Leaf Base

Explanation:  The leaf base is an expanded area where the leaf is attached to the stem. The food present in burbil occurs in the leaf base of plants. If the paired stipules are present, they are located on both sides of the leaf base and may resemble glands, scales, spines.

Ans. d) Adventitious Root

Explanation: Adventitious roots are the roots of plants are modified to store water and food like in the case of food potato. It is called root tuber. The roots of sweet potatoes can grow from any other part of the plant. Sweet potato is modified root but the potato is modified stem.

Check More: Vegetative Propagation in Plants

Ans. d) Stilt

Explanation: Different parts of a plant undergo several types of modifications and perform certain functions that help the other parts of the plant under abnormal conditions. The major function of the root is to transport water and minerals from the soil to the different parts of plants but it undergoes some modifications that enable it to store food and also provide physical support to the plants. 

Ans. c) Absorption of moisture from the air

Explanation: Velamen tissue is the hygroscopic, dead, epidermal tissue present on the surface of velamen roots and is responsible for the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere. Velamen is a spongy-like dead tissue of empty cells. It absorbs water present on the surface of roots. 

Ans. d) Chloroplast

Explanation: Chloroplast is not present in the root hairs because root hairs are not involved in producing food. These are meant for the absorption of water and mineral salts from the soil. Chloroplasts are the storehouses of chlorophyll which is essential in photosynthesis. Moreover, root and root hair are structures away from light, so they do not contain chloroplast.

Ans. d) Stomata

Explanation: Stomata is a pore mainly found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other parts of plants. It helps in gas exchange. The stomata are guarded by a pair of parenchyma cells called guard cells. Guard cells are responsible for regulating the size of the opening in stomata. Air from the atmosphere enters the plant by gaseous diffusion through stomata. 

Ans. b) Leaves

Explanation: Different parts of plants like roots, shoots, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc perform the functions of food storage. The fleshy leaves of onion are a consumable part. In complete form, the onion can be defined as a bulb, which is a short modified form of a stem surrounded by these fleshy leaves that store food for the onion shoots.

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Ans. b) Pitcher Plant

Explanation: Pitcher plants are carnivorous plants that have a prey catching mechanism. They have a deep cavity filled with a liquid called a pitfall trap, flying and crawling insects are attracted to the cavity formed by cupped leaf. Through the digestion process, the prey is converted to a solution of amino acids, peptides, phosphates, ammonium, etc from which the plant gets nutrition.

Ans. d) Angiosperm

Explanation: Angiosperms are also known as Angiospermae. They are seed-producing flowering plants. Their seeds develop in the ovaries of flowers and are surrounded by a protective fruit. Some examples of angiosperms are - fruits, vegetables, grains.

Ans. b) Thigmonasty

Explanation: The plants cannot move from one place to another because the roots are fixed to the ground. Plants can move their body parts without moving the entire body. Thigmonasty is the nastic response of plants due to touch or vibration. The directional movement of plants due to touch is what we call thigmonasty. Mimosa pudica is one example. 

Ans. d) Cytokinin

Explanation: Cytokinin is defined as the plant hormone that influences growth and the stimulation of cell division. Cytokinins are synthesized in the roots and are normally derived from adenine. They move upward in the xylem and pass into leaves and fruits when they are required for normal growth and cell differentiation. 

Ans. a) Sepal

Explanation: Sepal is the green, leaf-like structure that protects the unopened flower at the budding stage. They resemble the leaves owing to their green colour, however, they may be brightly coloured and function as petals in case they are missing.