Spinning of Cotton Yarn: Definition, Types, Process and Sample Questions

The spinning of cotton yarn is a process used to obtain cotton from the cotton plant. Cotton can simply be defined as a soft and hairy fiber, which is made up of a staple fiber that grows on some kind of guarding case. The staple fiber is then separated by other junk such as leaves, dust, etc. It is the one that is widely used to produce different kinds of cotton clothes, such as pants, trousers, shirts, towels, blankets, etc., by the factories. Cotton is one of the most produced as well as used fibers in the whole world. Wherein, India is the leading producer accounting for 22% of its contributions to the total production of cotton. Here, we will discuss the types, processes of manufacturing cotton along with some important questions.

Key takeaways: Cotton, Spinning and its types, yarn, cotton from yarn, cotton yarn spinning, weaving, finishing.

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What is Spinning?

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Spinning is the manufacturing process to obtain polymer fibers. It is the process in which the drawn-out strands of fibers are connected to get yarn which is further used to produce cotton. It is one of the most important processes used in the textile industries and factories. Some of the most commonly worldwide used spinners in the industries are Ring, Rotor, and Air jet.

During the process, the polymer is first converted into a fluid. A thermoplastic polymer is then melted. The rest of the others are either treated chemically or dissolved in a solvent to form derivatives of thermoplastic. The obtained fluid polymer is further passed through the spinneret. The reminder then cools and turns into a rubber-like structure and then finally solidifies.

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Types of Spinning

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There are mainly four types of spinning methods known which are as follows:

Dry spinning

The spinning is generally used for the fibers that are formed in a solution and are hence known as dry spinning. The polymer is solidified by evaporating the solvent in the presence of inert gases or the air. The most common products of this kind of spinning are triacetate, vinyon, acetate, acrylic, etc.

Wet spinning

This type of spinning is used for fiber-forming substances that are dissolved in a solution. This is an old process and its name has been assigned because in this the polymer solution is pushed directly through the precipitating fluid. The most common products of this kind of spinning are acrylic, rayon, modacrylic, spandex, etc.

Melt Spinning

In this type of spinning, the fiber-forming substance is directly melted and passed through an apparatus called a spinneret. It then undergoes a solidification process by cooling it. The most common products of this kind of spinning are nylon, saran, sulfur, olefin, etc.

Gel spinning

This type of spinning is used for high-strength strength fibers. Here, the polymer is not in its actual liquid state during the extrusion.

Also check: Animal Fibre

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What is Yarn?

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Yarn is an interlocking pattern that is made up of raw material obtained from the fibers. This interlocking pattern is used for making fabrics and then later for making clothes in the textile industries. Yarn is obtained from staple fabrics whirled together.

The process of obtaining cotton involves the following steps:

Preparatory stage → Spinning → Weaving → Finishing.

Read More: Natural and Synthetic Fibres

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Cotton Manufacturing from Yarn

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Spinning is considered to be the integral and significant stage of processing textile products. The extracted fibers are transformed into yarn, which is used in the production of textiles in this method of spinning. The thread is a type of yarn that is intended for sewing, knitting, weaving, embroidery, and so on. Before the spinning of cotton yarns, the obtained plant fiber has to pass through several stages in order to remove the impurities, namely - blending, cleaning, opening to finally draw the desired thickness. 

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Spinning Process of Cotton Yarn

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Cotton Yarn Spinning

The spinning of the cotton yarn is the foremost stage of the extraction process of cotton or any other textile from its particular plant. In this process, the extracted fiber is converted into yarn. So, firstly,

• The strands of the fibers are twisted together to obtain the yarn.
• The obtained yarn is then put over the spinning frame and is then made to pass through several rollers running at a high speed.
• Then the yarn is rolled with the help of the rollers and wound around the bobbins.
• During the last stage of the entire process, the drafting, twisting, and winding of the yarn are done together in one go.

Weaving of the Cotton

At this stage, the two sets of yarn are weaved together such that they cross each other at right angles. The process is done either using some devices or manually.

Finishing of the Cotton

At this stage, the woven cloth is converted into different useful materials. The final textile acquired is then dealt with bleach or dyes to enhance its excellence.

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Points to Remember

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• Spinning is the process of obtaining polymer fibers.
• Spinning is of four types: Wet spinning, Dry spinning, Gel spinning, Melt spinning.
• Yarn is an interlocking pattern that is made up of raw material obtained from the fibers.
• The entire process involves the following four steps: Preparatory stage → Spinning →Weaving → Finishing.
• In the Spinning of the cotton yarn, the extracted fiber is converted into yarn.
• In weaving, two sets of yarn are intervened together.
• In finishing, the obtained cloth is converted into other different useful textiles.

Read More: NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3: Fibre to Fabric