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The Bihar Board Class 12 syllabus has been released officially on the BSEB official website, biharboardonline.bihar.gov.in, for the academic year 2025-26. The syllabus of class 12 Bihar Board includes subjects like science, commerce, and arts. Each subject carries 100 marks, and the exam duration is 3 hours and 15 minutes.
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The Bihar Board Class 12 exams include a 50-50 format for MCQs and subjective questions, whereas science is divided 70:30 between theory and practicals, and commerce and arts are entirely theory-based.
- To pass, students must achieve a minimum score of 30% in each subject.
The article discusses the marking scheme, syllabus, subject-specific weightage, preparation tips, and previous year question papers to help students understand the exam pattern and plan their preparation effectively.
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Key Summary
In this article, we have discussed the Bihar Board Class 12 Syllabus, subject-wise syllabus and weightage, marking scheme, preparation tips, and previous year questions.
- The Bihar Board Class 12 syllabus for 2025-26 includes science, commerce, and arts streams, with each subject carrying 100 marks.
- The exams are 50% MCQ and 50% subjective questions, with science having a 70:30 balance between theory and practicals, and commerce and arts being entirely theory-based.
- To pass the board examination, students have to secure at least 30% in each subject.
- Students can successfully plan their preparation using the syllabus, marking scheme, subject-specific weightage, and recommended books.
- Regularly practicing previous years' question papers is crucial for understanding the exam pattern and time management.
- What is the BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026?
- BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026 FAQs
- BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Subject-wise Syllabus and Weightage
- BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Marking Scheme
- BSEB Class 12 Marking Scheme FAQs
- BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Important Books
- BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Preparation Tips
- Frequently Asked Questions
What is the BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026?
The Class 12 Syllabus for the academic year 2025-26 is now officially published on the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB) website.
The syllabus covers chapters from the science, commerce, and arts streams, with course content and marking schemes for each stream given below.
| Particulars | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducting Body | Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB) |
| Total Marks per Subject | 100 (Theory + Practical) |
| Exam Duration | 3 hours and 15 minutes |
| Theory-Practical Distribution | Science: 70 Marks for theory & 30 Marks for practical |
| Commerce & Arts | 100 Marks Theory |
| Objective-Subjective Question Split | 50% MCQs, 50% Subjective Questions |
| Passing Criteria | Minimum 30% in non-practical subjects & 33% in practical subjects. |
| Bihar Board Official Website | biharboardonline.bihar.gov.in |
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BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026 FAQs
Ques. Who conducts the Class 12 Bihar Board exam?
Ans. The Class 12 Bihar Board exam is conducted by the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB).
Ques. What are the total marks for the BSEB exam, class 12?
Ans. The total marks for the BSEB Class 12 exam are 500.
Ques. What are the passing marks for the Class 12, Bihar Board exam?
Ans. To pass the Bihar Board Class 12 exam, students need at least 33% marks in the practical subjects and 30% in the non-practical subjects.
Ques. For how many subjects do the students have to appear in the Bihar Board Class 12 exam?
Ans. Students have to appear for 5 subjects in the Bihar Board Class 12 exam.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Subject-wise Syllabus and Weightage
The subject-wise syllabus gives detailed outlines of chapters and important topics for all subjects in the science, commerce, and arts streams, allowing students to easily plan their preparation.
- Each subject carries 100 points, with a mix of theory and practical exams when necessary.
- The syllabus contains the exam pattern, marking scheme, and passing criteria, providing students with a clear knowledge of what to study for their board exam.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Science Streams
The class 12 science syllabus of the Bihar Board exam consists of subjects like physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, and computer science.
Additionally, English is a compulsory subject, while several optional language subjects are available.
The syllabus for each of the core science courses for class 12, along with the corresponding unit names and mark distribution, is given below:
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Physics
The table below distributes marks across 10 key units, covering electricity, magnetism, optics, modern physics, and communication systems, ensuring balanced preparation for theory and applications:
| S. No. | Topic | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Electrostatics | 08 |
| II | Current Electricity | 07 |
| III | Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism | 08 |
| IV | Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current | 08 |
| V | Electromagnetic Waves | 03 |
| VI | Optics | 14 |
| VII | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 04 |
| VIII | Atoms and Nuclei | 06 |
| IX | Electronic Devices | 07 |
| X | Communication Systems | 07 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Chemistry
The following table highlights fundamental ideas, reactions, and real-world applications in physical, inorganic, and organic chemistry, with mark distribution among 16 units:
| S. No. | Topic | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | The Solid State | 04 |
| II | Solutions | 05 |
| III | Electrochemistry | 05 |
| IV | Chemical Kinetics | 05 |
| V | Surface Chemistry | 04 |
| VI | General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements | 03 |
| VII | p-Block Elements | 08 |
| VIII | d- and f-Block Elements | 05 |
| IX | Coordination Compounds | 03 |
| X | Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | 04 |
| XI | Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers | 04 |
| XII | Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids | 06 |
| XIII | Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen | 04 |
| XIV | Biomolecules | 04 |
| XV | Polymers | 03 |
| XVI | Chemistry in Everyday Life | 03 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Biology
This table shows the distribution of marks across 5 major biology areas, with a focus on reproduction, genetics, human welfare, biotechnology, and ecology:
| S. No. | Topic | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Reproduction | 06 |
| II | Genetics and Evolution | 18 |
| III | Biology and Human Welfare | 18 |
| IV | Biotechnology and Its Applications | 18 |
| V | Ecology and Environment | 10 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Mathematics
This table shows the marks' distribution to each chapter in mathematics, with calculus receiving the most weightage of any unit:
| S. No. | Topic | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Relations and Functions | 10 |
| II | Algebra | 13 |
| III | Calculus | 40 |
| IV | Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | 18 |
| V | Linear Programming | 09 |
| VI | Probability | 10 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: English
This table shows the distribution of marks for reading comprehension, creative writing, and literature, with literature receiving the highest weightage:
| Section | Topics/Skills | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Reading Comprehension | Understanding, decoding, analyzing, inferring, interpreting, summarizing, vocabulary, and literary conventions | 20 |
| Creative Writing Skills | Application of rules, analysis, reasoning, style & tone, format, fluency, inference, evaluation, creativity | 16 |
| Literature (Textbooks & Supplementary) | Recall, reasoning, literary appreciation, inference, analysis, creativity, fluency | 44 |
| Total | 80 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Commerce Streams
The class 12 commerce syllabus covers basic subjects such as accounting, business studies, economics, and mathematics, as well as English as a required subject and elective language disciplines.
The table below includes information on chapters and unit-wise mark distribution to help students plan their studies properly.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Accountancy
This table shows the distribution of marks across seven units, with major weightage given to Dissolution and Reconstitution of Partnership:
| Chapter No. | Chapter Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Accounting for Partnership | 05 |
| 2 | Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organizations | 10 |
| 3 | Dissolution of Partnership | 25 |
| 4 | Reconstitution of Partnership | 20 |
| 5 | Accounting for Shares and Debenture Capital | 12 |
| 6 | Analysis of Financial Statements | 08 |
| 7 | Statement of Changes in Financial Position | 20 |
| Total | 100 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Economics
The table shows the unit-wise marks for macroeconomics and Indian economic development, along with project work weightage:
| Part | Unit/Chapter | Marks (Theory) |
|---|---|---|
| Part A – Introductory Macroeconomics | 1. National Income & Related Aggregates | 10 |
| 2. Money and Banking | 6 | |
| 3. Determination of Income & Employment | 12 | |
| 4. Government Budget & the Economy | 6 | |
| 5. Balance of Payments (Open Economy Macroeconomics) | 6 | |
| Part B – Indian Economic Development | 6. Development Experience (1947–1990) & Economic Reforms since 1991 | 12 |
| 7. Current Challenges Facing the Indian Economy | 20 | |
| 8. Development Experience of India, Comparison with Neighbors | 8 | |
| Part C – Project Work (Internal Assessment) | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Business Studies
This table outlines the marks split across management, finance, marketing, and project work for the Class 12 board exam:
| Part | Chapter/Unit | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Part A – Principles and Functions of Management | Nature and Significance of Management | 16 |
| Principles of Management | — | |
| Business Environment | — | |
| Planning | 14 | |
| Organizing | — | |
| Staffing | 20 | |
| Directing | — | |
| Controlling | — | |
| Total (Part A) | 50 | |
| Part B – Business Finance and Marketing | Financial Management | 15 |
| Financial Markets | — | |
| Marketing Management | 15 | |
| Consumer Protection | — | |
| Total (Part B) | 30 | |
| Part C – Project Work | One Project (Internal Assessment) | 20 |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Art Streams
The art syllabus comprises basic disciplines, including history, political science, geography, sociology, and psychology, as well as English as a required subject and optional language selections.
The table below gives a full description of chapters and unit-wise mark distribution, allowing students to efficiently plan their preparation.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Sociology
The table presents the division of marks for the class 12 exam between Indian Society and Social Change, each carrying equal weight:
| Units | Topics | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| A – Indian Society | 1. Introducing Indian Society (Non-evaluative)2. Demographic Structure3. Social Institutions4. Patterns of Social Inequality & Exclusion5. Challenges of Cultural Diversity6. Project Work Suggestions (Non-evaluative) | 40 |
| B – Social Change & Development in Indian Society | 7. Structural Change8. Cultural Change9. Change & Development in Rural Society10. Change & Development in Industrial Society11. Social Movements | 40 |
| Total (Part A + Part B) | 80 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Geography
This table provides unit-specific information, including map work and mark distribution:
| Units | Topics | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Part A – Fundamentals of Human Geography | 1. Human Geography2. People3. Human Activities4. Human Settlements | 35 |
| Map Work | 05 | |
| Part B – India: People and Economy | 6. People7. Human Settlements8. Resources & Development9. Transport, Communication & International Trade10. Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues | 35 |
| Map Work | 05 | |
| Total (Part A+B+Map) | 80 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: History
The table highlights the themes of Indian history from ancient to modern periods, with mark distribution and map work:
| Units | Topics | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Themes in Indian History, Part I (Units 1-4) | 1. Harappan Archaeology2. Political & Economic History: Inscriptions3. Social Histories: Mahabharata4. History of Buddhism: Sanchi Stupa | 24 |
| Themes in Indian History, Part II (Units 5-9) | 5. Medieval Society through Travellers’ Accounts6. Bhakti-Sufi Tradition7. New Architecture: Hampi8. Agrarian Relations: Ain-i-Akbari9. Mughal Court & Chronicles | 25 |
| Themes in Indian History, Part III (Units 10-15) | 10. Colonialism & Rural Society11. Representations of 185712. Colonialism & Indian Towns13. Mahatma Gandhi through Contemporary Eyes14. Partition through Oral Sources15. Making of the Constitution | 25 |
| Map Work | 06 | |
| Total | 80 | |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2026: Marking Scheme
The Bihar Board Class 12 Marking Scheme 2025-26 specifies the minimum passing requirements for the Science, Commerce, and Arts streams as well as the subject-wise mark distribution in the table below.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus Marking Scheme: Science
The table shows the subject-wise full marks, theory marks, and minimum passing marks for all science stream subjects:
| Subjects | Full Marks | Theory | Pass Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| English / Hindi | 100 | 70 | 30 |
| Mathematics | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Physics | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| Chemistry | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| Biology | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| Optional Subjects | 50 | 50 | 15 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus Marking Scheme: Commerce
This table provides the marks distribution and pass marks for core and optional subjects in the commerce stream:
| Subjects | Full Marks | Theory | Pass Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Entrepreneurship | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| English / Hindi | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Accountancy | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Business Studies | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Economics | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Optional Subjects | 50 | 50 | 15 |
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus Marking Scheme: Arts
The table outlines the subject-wise mark allocation and minimum passing marks for arts stream students:
| Subjects | Full Marks | Theory | Pass Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| English / Hindi | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| History | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Political Science | 100 | 100 | 30 |
| Psychology | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| Geography | 100 | 70 | 33 |
| Optional Subjects | 50 | 50 | 15 |
BSEB Class 12 Marking Scheme FAQs
Ques. Is the marking scheme for the BSEB class 12 exam different for every subject?
Ans. Yes, the marking scheme for the BSEB Class 12 exam is different for each subject. Theory and practical subjects have different mark distributions.
Ques. What are the total marks for the Bihar Board Class 12 theory exam?
Ans. The total marks for the Bihar Board Class 12 theory exam are 100 marks for non-practical subjects and 70 marks for subjects that include practicals.
Ques. For how many marks is the practical exam conducted for Class 12 in the Bihar Board exam?
Ans. The practical exam for Class 12 in the Bihar Board exam is conducted for 30 marks.
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Important Books
The Bihar Board Class 12 Books list provides the best reference guides and NCERT textbooks for science and commerce students, helping them cover the syllabus thoroughly. The book's name is given below:
| Subjects | Books |
|---|---|
| Mathematics |
|
| Biology |
|
| Physics |
|
| Chemistry |
|
| Accountancy |
|
| Business Studies |
|
BSEB Class 12 Syllabus: Preparation Tips
The table below provides a well-organized schedule that includes subject-specific focus, revision techniques, and well-balanced breaks to assist students in successfully preparing for exams. Students should focus on these preparation tips to score well in the Bihar Board exam.
| Study Tip | Details |
|---|---|
| Allocate 8 to 10 Hours Daily | Dedicate full focus on all subjects with proper time distribution. |
| Focus on Core Subjects | Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Accounting, Economics, or History → 2 to 3 hours each. |
| English Practice | Spend 1 to 1.5 hours daily on reading, writing, and literature. |
| Work on Weak Areas | Give 30 to 45 minutes daily to subjects you find difficult. |
| Daily Review | Revise key definitions, formulas, and diagrams before sleeping. |
| Mock Tests & PYQs | Regularly solve past year question papers and practice tests. |
| Take Breaks | Take short breaks between study sessions to maintain focus and energy. |
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. How many subjects are there in the Class 12, Bihar Board Exam?
Ans. There are 5 subjects in the Bihar Board Class 12 exam.
Students can choose from the following three streams and their subjects:
- Science: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, or Mathematics, English
- Commerce: Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics
- Arts: History, Political Science, Geography, or Sociology
Ques. How many chapters are there in the BSEB Class 12 Biology syllabus?
Ans. For the BSEB Class 12 Biology exam, the syllabus is divided into 5 main units and includes a total of 16 chapters.
Ques. Does BSEB recommend the NCERT book for the class 12, BSEB exam?
Ans. Yes, the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB) uses textbooks that are based on the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) materials.
Ques. From where can I download the BSEB Class 12 syllabus 2026?
Ans. You can download the BSEB Class 12 syllabus 2026 from the Bihar Board official website: biharboardonline.bihar.gov.in.
Ques. What is the exam Pattern of the Class 12, Bihar Board exam?
Ans. The Bihar Board exam, Class 12, has both objective and subjective questions. Half of the paper has multiple-choice questions, and the rest includes short and long answer questions.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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