IIT JAM Syllabus 2027: 7 Papers, Subject-Wise Topics, Topic-Wise Weightage and PDF Download

Taxonomy and classification of living organisms; pro-eukaryotic cell organisation; cell organelles — structure and function; multicellular organisation in animals and plants; principles of evolution; methods in modern biology — PCR, gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, recombinant DNA basics.

Carbohydrates — structure, classification, and metabolism; proteins — amino acid structure, peptide bonds, primary to quaternary structure; lipids — fatty acids, phospholipids, steroids; nucleic acids — DNA and RNA structure; enzymes — kinetics, Michaelis-Menten equation, Hill Coefficient (cooperative enzyme kinetics — Hill equation, sigmoidal vs hyperbolic kinetics), competitive and non-competitive inhibition; vitamins and coenzymes; hormones and their mechanisms; metabolism — glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, fermentation; photosynthesis — light and dark reactions; nitrogen fixation; human health and common diseases.

Tissue culture — plant and animal cell culture techniques, callus and organogenesis; industrial applications of enzymes; antigen-antibody interaction — specificity, cross-reactivity; monoclonal antibody technology — hybridoma method; diagnostic aids — ELISA (direct, indirect, sandwich), Western blot, immunofluorescence; Bioinformatics — sequence databases (GenBank, UniProt, PDB), BLAST algorithm, pairwise sequence alignment (Needleman-Wunsch, Smith-Waterman), sequence similarity and homology.

DNA structure — B-form, A-form, Z-form; prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication; transcription — types of RNA, RNA polymerase, promoters, terminators; translation — genetic code, ribosomes, tRNA charging, post-translational modifications; gene regulation — operon model (lac and trp), eukaryotic transcription factors; gene transfer — transformation, transduction, conjugation, transposons; recombinant DNA technology — restriction enzymes (types I, II, III), cloning vectors (plasmid, phage, cosmid), gene cloning strategy, DNA libraries (genomic and cDNA).

Cell cycle — stages of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and meiosis I and II, and their regulation by cyclins and CDKs; cytoplasmic organelles — ER (rough and smooth), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts; signal transduction — receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, second messengers (cAMP, DAG, IP3, Ca2+); apoptosis — intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic pathways, caspases; membrane transport — passive (diffusion, facilitated), active (primary and secondary), ion channels.

Isolation and cultivation techniques — streak plate, pour plate, serial dilution, enrichment culture; structural features of bacteria — cell wall (Gram-positive vs Gram-negative), flagella, pili, endospores; fungi — unicellular and filamentous; viruses — bacteriophages (lytic and lysogenic cycles), animal viruses; pathogenicity — virulence factors, toxins, host-pathogen interaction; environmental microbiology — nitrogen cycle, bioremediation; industrial microbiology — antibiotic production, fermentation; microbial genetics — mutation types, DNA repair mechanisms, plasmids, antibiotic resistance.

Atomic and Molecular Structure: Quantum mechanical model; Heisenberg uncertainty; Schrödinger equation (hydrogen-like atoms); orbital shapes; hybridization; VSEPR; MO theory for diatomics.
Theory of Gases: Kinetic theory; Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution; van der Waals equation; mean free path; Joule-Thomson effect.
Solid State: Crystal systems; Bragg’s law; close-packing (FCC, BCC, HCP); Schottky and Frenkel defects.
Chemical Thermodynamics: First, Second, Third Laws; Hess’s law; Kirchhoff’s equation; entropy; Gibbs and Helmholtz energies; chemical potential.
Chemical and Phase Equilibria: Law of mass action; Kc and Kp; Le Chatelier’s principle; phase rule; colligative properties.
Electrochemistry: Electrochemical cells; EMF; Nernst equation; Faraday’s laws; Kohlrausch’s law; overvoltage; corrosion.
Chemical Kinetics: Rate laws; integrated rate equations; half-life; Arrhenius equation; homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis; enzyme kinetics basics.
Adsorption: Physisorption and chemisorption; Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms.
Spectroscopy: Beer-Lambert law; rotational, vibrational, and electronic spectroscopy; NMR basics.

Basic Concepts and Stereochemistry: IUPAC nomenclature; resonance; aromaticity; inductive, mesomeric, and hyperconjugation effects; reaction intermediates (carbocations, carbanions, free radicals); chirality; R-S notation; E-Z notation; conformational analysis of cyclohexane.
Reaction Mechanisms and Synthesis: SN1, SN2 substitution; E1, E2 elimination; electrophilic addition; nucleophilic addition to carbonyls; electrophilic aromatic substitution — directing effects; free radical reactions; named reactions — Aldol, Claisen, Diels-Alder, Wittig, Grignard, Beckmann, Baeyer-Villiger.
Organic Analysis: Detection of nitrogen, sulfur, halogens; identification of functional groups by chemical tests.
Natural Products: Carbohydrates — monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), disaccharides; amino acids and peptide bonds; fatty acids and glycerides; steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, vitamins.
Heterocyclic Chemistry: Aromaticity and synthesis of pyridine, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole.

Periodic Table and Bonding: Ionization energy; electron affinity; electronegativity; atomic radii; Lewis structures; VSEPR; MO diagrams for O2, N2, F2; dipole moments; Born-Haber cycle.
Main Group Elements (s and p block): Chemistry of Groups 1, 2, and 13–18; anomalous properties; diagonal relationships (Li-Mg, Be-Al); allotropes (carbon, sulfur, phosphorus).
Transition Metals (d block): Electronic configuration; oxidation states; Crystal Field Theory — octahedral and tetrahedral splitting; magnetic properties; colour; coordination compounds — Werner’s theory, nomenclature, isomerism, stability constants.
Bioinorganic Chemistry: Haemoglobin and myoglobin (Fe); chlorophyll (Mg); vitamin B12 (Co); superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn).
Analytical and Instrumental Methods: Gravimetric and volumetric analysis; atomic absorption spectroscopy; NMR; mass spectrometry; GC; HPLC.

Consumer theory — utility functions, indifference curves, budget constraint, revealed preference, Slutsky equation, demand elasticity; production theory — production functions (Cobb-Douglas, CES), isoquants, cost curves, profit maximisation; market structures — perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly (Cournot, Bertrand, Stackelberg); game theory basics — Nash equilibrium, dominant strategies; welfare economics — Pareto optimality, social welfare functions; market failure — public goods, externalities, information asymmetry.

National income accounting — GDP, GNP, NNP; Keynesian income determination; multiplier; IS-LM model; AD-AS framework; money and banking — quantity theory, money multiplier, monetary policy; inflation — demand-pull, cost-push, Phillips curve; open economy — balance of payments, exchange rate, Mundell-Fleming model; growth models — Harrod-Domar, Solow model.

Origin of the Solar System and Earth; geophysical methods (seismic, gravity, magnetic); Earth’s interior — crust, mantle, core composition; plate tectonics — convergent, divergent, transform boundaries; seafloor spreading; volcanism — types, global distribution; earthquakes — seismic waves, Richter scale, focal mechanisms.

Major steps in evolution; fossilisation processes; stratigraphic significance of index fossils; invertebrate fossils — Brachiopoda, Mollusca (Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda), Echinodermata, Graptoloidea; vertebrate evolution — fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals; microfossils — foraminifera, spores and pollen (palynology).

Igneous: Magma origin and crystallisation; Bowen’s reaction series; classification by composition (ultramafic to felsic) and texture; igneous bodies — plutons, dykes, sills, laccoliths, batholiths.
Sedimentary: Terrigenous clastic rocks — conglomerate, sandstone, shale; carbonates — limestone, dolomite; diagenesis; sedimentary structures — cross-bedding, graded bedding, ripple marks.
Metamorphic: Agents and types of metamorphism; metamorphic facies — zeolite, greenschist, amphibolite, granulite; index minerals — chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite, sillimanite (Barrovian zones).

Convergent and divergent sequences; bounded and monotone sequences; Cauchy sequences; Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem; tests of convergence for series — ratio, root, comparison, integral, Leibniz (alternating series); absolute and conditional convergence; power series and radius of convergence.

Limit, continuity, intermediate value property; differentiation; Rolle’s theorem; mean value theorem; L’Hôpital rule; maxima and minima; Taylor’s theorem and Taylor series; Riemann integration — definition, properties, fundamental theorem of calculus; reduction formulas; improper integrals.

Limit, continuity, and partial derivatives; differentiability; directional derivative; gradient; maxima and minima — second derivative test; method of Lagrange multipliers; double integrals — change of order; surface areas and volumes.

First-order ODEs — exact, linear, Bernoulli, separable; orthogonal trajectories; homogeneous equations; second-order linear ODEs with constant coefficients — method of undetermined coefficients; variation of parameters; Cauchy-Euler equations; initial and boundary value problems.

Scalar and vector fields; gradient, divergence, curl; directional derivative; line integrals; surface integrals; flux; Green’s theorem in the plane; Gauss divergence theorem; Stokes’ theorem.

Groups and subgroups; cyclic groups; abelian and non-abelian groups; permutation groups; normal subgroups; quotient groups; cosets and Lagrange’s theorem; group homomorphisms and isomorphisms; isomorphism theorems; symmetric group Sn; Cayley’s theorem.

Systems of linear equations; rank-nullity theorem; null space and column space; inverse of a matrix; determinants; eigenvalues and eigenvectors; Cayley-Hamilton theorem; diagonalization; inner product spaces; orthogonality; Gram-Schmidt process; symmetric matrices and orthogonal transformations.

Interior points, limit points, open and closed sets; bounded sets; compactness — Heine-Borel theorem; connected sets; completeness of R; Banach contraction mapping theorem; power series — Taylor’s series, radius of convergence; uniform convergence; Weierstrass approximation theorem.

Calculus of single and multiple variables; partial differentiation; Jacobians; imperfect and perfect differentials; Taylor expansion; Fourier series — half-range and full-range; vector algebra and vector calculus — gradient, divergence, curl; multiple integrals; Gauss’s divergence theorem; Green’s theorem; Stokes’ theorem; first-order and second-order linear ODEs with constant coefficients; matrices — algebra, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, diagonalization; complex numbers.

Newton’s laws; inertial and non-inertial frames; Coriolis and centripetal forces; rigid body dynamics — moment of inertia tensor, torque, angular momentum; Euler’s equations; Kepler’s problem; gravitational law; elastic and inelastic collisions; SHM; damped and forced oscillations; resonance; special relativity — Lorentz transformations, time dilation, length contraction, relativistic mass-energy equivalence.

Wave equation; transverse and longitudinal waves; superposition — interference and beats; phase and group velocity; sound in gases; Doppler effect; Fermat’s principle; reflection and refraction at spherical surfaces; lenses and mirrors; aberrations; Huygens’ principle; Young’s double-slit interference; thin films; single-slit and double-slit diffraction; diffraction grating; polarisation — Malus’s law, Brewster’s angle, birefringence.

Coulomb’s law; Gauss’s law; electric field and potential; Laplace and Poisson equations; method of images; dielectrics — polarisation, displacement field D; capacitors; Biot-Savart law; Ampere’s law; magnetic field; magnetic vector potential; Faraday’s law; Lenz’s law; Maxwell’s equations in vacuum and matter; electromagnetic wave equation; Poynting vector; energy and momentum of EM waves; reflection and refraction of EM waves at interfaces.

Solid State: Crystal structure; Bravais lattices; Miller indices; X-ray diffraction (Bragg’s law); reciprocal lattice; Brillouin zones; Bloch’s theorem; free electron gas; energy bands; Hall effect; effective mass; Debye model.
Semiconductors: Intrinsic and extrinsic; carrier concentration; p-n junction — I-V characteristics; Zener diode; LED; solar cell.
Electronics: BJT — common emitter configuration; FETs; operational amplifiers — inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, comparators; digital logic — AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR gates; Boolean algebra; Karnaugh maps; flip-flops (SR, JK, D, T); A/D and D/A conversion basics.