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Rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa (botanical name of rose) in the family Rosaceae. There are around 360 species of roses available all over the world.
- Different colours of roses are used for both ornamental and landscaping purposes.
- The majority of roses are found in Asia, Europe, North America, and other places.
- It has been regarded as a symbol of beauty and love.
- Rose hip is the acidic part of the plant, which can be eaten freshly or dried.
- It has a flavour similar to that of cranberry.
- According to fossil evidence, the roses that were collected are estimated to be 35 million years old.
- The flowers are cultivated in a cool climate with bright sunlight and free ventilation.
Key Terms: Botanical Name of Rose, Species, Plant Kingdom, Botanical name, Biological classification, Flowering Plants, Rosa Rubiginosa, Biological Classification of Rose, Uses of Rose
Botanical Name of Rose
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The botanical name of the rose is rosa rubiginosa. Roses are known for their exceptional colour, petal arrangement, and fragrance. It is also used for slope stabilization, which is a utilitarian purpose.
- The size of roses differs according to the species.
- Roses are easy to cultivate as each species is easily capable of hybridization.
- Different species of rose are Rosa grandiflora, Rosa bonica, Rosa pimpinellifolia, Rosa gallicanae, and Rosa floribunda.
- The name rose is derived from the Latin rosa, which was borrowed from Oscan.
- Each petal of the flower is divided into two lobes, which are usually white or pink in colour.
- The fruit formed in the rose forms a berry-like structure called a rose hip.
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Biological Classification of Rose
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Biological classification is done in order to make identification easy, detect the origin and evolution of the species, presenting the species according to its similarities and dissimilarities. Thus, the biological classification of rose is listed below:
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Order: Rosales
- Family: Rosaceae
- Subfamily: Rosoideae
- Tribe: Roseae
- Genus: Rosa
Botanical Name of Rose
Uses of Rose
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Various different uses of rose are as follows:
- The most common use of roses includes the preparation of perfumes, air fresheners, and other scented goods.
- Rose petals are used for the preparation of rose syrups, essences and jams.
- An individual can enhance their mood and calm themselves with the help of the aroma of roses.
- We can solve the problem of bile production and gallbladder cleansing.
- The flower has antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and is rich in vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E.
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Things to Remember
- Rose belongs to the genus Rosa and the family Rosaceae.
- The scientific name of the Indian rose is Rosa indica.
- The flower is best grown in medium loam soil which has lots of organic matter, good drainage, and had a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.
- Rose beds for new plantings are prepared using manuring after pruning for existing plants.
- You can use roses to decorate cakes because they have fragrance and are non-poisonous.
- Roses also contain vitamin C, which helps in boosting our immune system.
Previous Year Questions
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Sample Questions
Ques. How many chromosomes are there in rose? (3 marks)
Ans. Chromosomes are structures made of protein and DNA present inside the nucleus of plants and animals. Generally, each plant contains 24 chromosomes (12 paternal and 12 maternal).
- Plants have more chromosomes because plants are genetically more flexible than animals.
- Chromosome of rose varies among species.
- It ranges from 2n=2x=14 to 2n=8x= 56.
Ques. What are the different clades of rose? (3 marks)
Ans. Scientific name of rose is rosa rubiginosa. The order Rosales has three different types of clades. Different types of clades are tracheophytes (vascular plants), angiosperms (flowering plants), eudicots (plants that have two seed leaves upon germination), and rosids (flowering plants).
- Rosids clade is divided into 16-20 orders.
- Tracheophytes can be divided into the classes of ferns, angiosperms, and gymnosperms.
- Rose belongs to the kingdom of Plantae.
- Largest families of rose are Rosaceae and Urticaceae.
Ques. What is binomial nomenclature? (3 marks)
Ans. Binominal nomenclature is the system of giving a name to an organism with two components based on universally accepted principles. it is also known as binary nomenclature and recognized as a two naming system.
- It is the scientific name that consists of two parts for every species.
- Two components of every name are recognized as generic names and specific epithets respectively.
- For eg, the scientific name of mango is Mangifera indica where Mangifera represents the genus and indica represents species.
Ques. What are taxonomic categories? (3 marks)
Ans. Seven main taxonomic categories are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom. Other taxonomic categories are division, variety, form, subfamily, tribe, suborder, domain, subspecies, and strain. Eg, taxonomic categories of man are biological name- Homo sapiens, genus – homo, family – Hominidae, order- primata, class – Mammalia, phylum/division – chordate.
Taxonomic Categories
Ques. Answer the following: (A) What is the botanical name of Sunflower?
(B) What is the botanical name of Lotus?
(C) What is the scientific name of Lily? (2 marks)
Ans. (A) The scientific name of sunflower is Helianthus annuus.
(B) The scientific name of lotus is Nelumbo nucifera.
(C) Lilium is the scientific name of Lily.
Ques. What do the first name and second name of a scientific name represent? (2 marks)
Ans. In a scientific name, the first represents genus and second name represents the species it belongs to. The botanical name of rice is Oryza sativum. Here, Oryza represents the genus and sativum represents the species name.
Ques. What are the uses of binomial nomenclature? (2 marks)
Ans. Some of the uses of Binomial nomenclature are:
- By use of Binomial nomenclature, universal names can be allocated to all living organisms.
- There is no confusion in naming plants and animals based on different languages and dialects.
- Different species of the same animal can be named separately.
Ques. How roses are used for preparation of scented and perfumed products? (3 marks)
Ans. The main component of perfumes and other fragrant products is flowers. Due to their inherent scent, roses are employed in the production of these goods.
- Roses are therefore used in the creation of perfumes, air fresheners, and other fragrant goods.
- The calming and mood-enhancing properties of rose scent have been demonstrated.
- The delicate, sensual atmosphere that a rose smell creates is pure and fresh.
Ques. What is the use of biological classification? (2 marks)
Ans. The use of biological classification is as follows:
- The basis of classification of species is based on their similar features and differences.
- It helps in the identification of creatures using the method of biological classification.
- The origin of species and evolution that is used in biological taxonomy is the basis of the phylogenetic framework.
Ques. What are the characteristics of rose? (3 marks)
Ans. The characteristics of roses are follows:
- Woody perennial plants belonging to the Rosaceae family and Rosa genus are called roses.
- There are about 10,000 varieties among the 300 species of roses that are found worldwide.
- They can grow in many different forms, such as climbers supported by stems and upright shrubs.
- The sizes of rose blossoms vary among species, and they are available in a range of colors, such as red, white, yellow, blue, and more.
- Many rose species are native to Europe, North America, and other regions, although the majority are Asian in origin.
Ques. How roses are used for medical purposes? (3 marks)
Ans. The various uses for roses in the field of medical field are as follows:
- Roses have anti-oxidant and antibacterial properties which help in improvement of vitamin A, B3, C, D, and E.
- The flower helps in the case of depression as it creates a calming impact.
- Rose petals are crushed for preparation of natural rose water, essence, and oils.
- Rose water is used for creating soothing nerves stress and help in the reduction of capillary oedema.
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