​The NIOS Class 10 syllabus for the academic session 2025-26 has been published on the National Institute of Open Schooling's (NIOS) official website. NIOS 10th Syllabus 2025-26 is the same for both public and on-demand exams.

  • To pass the NIOS 10th exam in 2025–2026 and receive the Class 10 certificate, students must take at least five subjects, including a language course.
  • The secondary-level exams are conducted in October and April, while on-demand examinations are available throughout the year for greater flexibility, except during October, November, April, and May.
  • The October 2025 session of the NIOS 10th exam is expected to begin on October 4, 2025.

According to the 2025–2026 NIOS board syllabus, you are allowed to select up to two extra subjects in addition to the required ones. The syllabus is available for subjects, including science, social science, Hindi, English, and mathematics.

NIOS Class 10 Syllabus 2025-26 Download PDF

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NIOS Class 10 syllabus

Key Summary

  • In this article we discussed the NIOS class 10 syllabus for 2025-26, including the subject-wise syllabus, weightage, and previous years’ question papers.
  • ​​The NIOS Class 10 syllabus for 2025–26 is the same for public and on-demand exams and is available on the official NIOS website
  • Students must take at least five subjects, including one compulsory language from Group A.
  • Students can choose up to 2 additional subjects by paying INR 720 per subject.
  • The class 10 exams are held in October and April, while on-demand exams are available throughout the year except in October, November, April, and May.
  • The October 2025 session is expected to start on October 4, 2025.

What is the NIOS Class 10 Syllabus 2025-26?

The NIOS class 10 syllabus for 2025-26 is divided into Group A and Group B.

  1. Group A includes language subjects, from which students must select one language as a compulsory subject and may choose another language as an optional subject.
  2. Group B consists of core subjects, from which students can select 3 or 4 subjects.

To pass the NIOS 10th exam, students are required to appear in at least 5 subjects. In addition, they can choose up to two extra subjects by paying a fee of INR 720 per subject.

Group Subjects
Group A (Languages) Hindi, English, Urdu, Telugu, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, Kannada, Nepali, Marathi, Assamese, Sanskrit, Odia, Malayalam, Arabic, Persian, Tamil
Group B (Core Subjects) Science and Technology, Mathematics, Social Science, Business Studies, Economics, Home Science, Psychology, Data Entry Operations, Indian Culture and Heritage, Painting, Accountancy

NIOS Class 10 Syllabus: Overview

Section Details
Academic Year 2025–26
Exam Sessions October & April (On-demand exams available throughout the year except October, November, April, & May.)
Subjects Grouping Group A (Languages) and Group B (Core subjects)
Mandatory Subjects At least 5 subjects, including one language from Group A
Optional Subjects One additional language from Group A and up to two additional subjects from Group B by paying INR 720 per subject
Available Subjects English, Mathematics, Hindi, Science, Social Science, and more
Certification Requirement Students must appear and pass in at least 5 subjects, including one language
Official Website nios.ac.in

NIOS Class 10 Science Syllabus

The NIOS Class 10 syllabus of science consists of 32 lessons, which are divided into two modules.

  • The first module, Measurement in Science and Technology, contains 13 lessons.
  • The second module, which covers topics such as matter, motion, energy, environment, health, agriculture, technology, and communication, includes 19 lessons.

The table below is the NIOS class 10 science syllabus that covers detailed topics.

S.No. Topics
1. Matter: Structure and Behaviour
2. Measurement in Science & Technology
3. Motion and Force
4. The Universe and our Earth
5. Energy
6. Our Environment and Natural Resources
7. Life Processes
8. Man-Made Resources and Environmental Problems
9. Health, Hygiene and Diseases
10. Technology and Communication
11. Agricultural Practices

NIOS Class 10 Social Science Syllabus

The NIOS Class 10 syllabus of social science is divided into four modules. The syllabus covers a total of 27 lessons, which include topics from history, geography, political science, and economics
  • The chapters are organized into four modules:
  • Module 1: India and the World Through Ages—Chapters 1 to 9
  • Module 2: India: Natural Environment, Resources and Development—Chapters 10 to 13
  • Module 3: Democracy at Work – Chapters 14 to 21
  • Module 4: Contemporary India: Issues and Goals – Chapters 22 to 27


The table below focuses on the NIOS Class 10 syllabus for social science 2025-26:T

S.No. Topics
1. Evolution of Human Society
2. People, Society and Culture
3. India: Natural Environment, Resources and Development
4. India’s Struggle for Freedom
5. Democracy at Work
6. Citizen, State and the Constitution
7. Contemporary India: Issues and Challenges

NIOS Class 10 Math Syllabus

The NIOS Class 10 syllabus of math is designed to cover essential mathematical concepts that build problem-solving, logical reasoning, and analytical skills.

  • It includes a total of 30 chapters, divided across various topics such as number systems, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mensuration, statistics, and probability.

The table below shows the detailed NIOS class 10 syllabus, which includes topics and chapters.

Topic Lessons
Algebra
  • Number Systems
  • Radicals
  • Indices (Exponents)
  • Algebraic Expressions and Polynomials
  • Linear Equations
  • Special Products and Factorization
  • Number Patterns
  • Quadratic Equations
Commercial Mathematics
  • Ratio and Proportion
  • Compound Interest
  • Percentage and its Applications
  • Banking
Geometry
  • Lines and Angles
  • Concurrent Lines
  • Congruence of Triangles
  • Quadrilaterals, Circles
  • Similarity of Triangles
  • Angles in a Circle and Cyclic Quadrilateral
  • Constructions
  • Secants
  • Tangents and their Properties
  • Coordinate Geometry
Mensuration
  • Area of Plane Figures
  • Surface Area and Volume of Solids
Trigonometry
  • Introduction to Trigonometry
  • Trigonometric Ratios of Some Special Angles
Statistics
  • Data and their Representation

NIOS Class 10 Economics Syllabus

The NIOS Class 10 syllabus of economics is designed to cover fundamental economic concepts that develop analytical thinking, decision-making, and an understanding of how economies function.

  • It includes topics such as economic activities, production, distribution, savings, investment, markets, government policies, and global economic challenges.

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 economics syllabus for 2025-26:

S.No. Topics
1. Evolution and Characteristics of Wants
2. Increasing Production of Goods and Services
3. Human Wants and Production
4. Buying of Goods and Services
5. Distribution of Goods and Services
6. Selling of Goods and Services
7. Understanding an Economy
8. Savings: Banks, Post Offices and Insurance
9. Indian Economy: An overview and problems
10. Environment and Sustainable Development
11. World Economy

NIOS Class 10 English Syllabus

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for English, including reading, writing, grammar, and literature skills through structured sections like passages and poetry.

  • ​​Reading comprehension contains unseen passages, while writing skills include reports, letters, and messages.
  • Grammar topics such as sentence structure and tenses, and speech and literature sections covering poems and prose for interpretation.
Section Topics
Reading
  • Unseen Passages
Writing
  • Report writing
  • Letter writing
  • Message writing
  • Paragraph writing
Grammar
  • Parts and types of a sentence
  • The verb and a noun phrase
  • Subject-Verb Concord
  • Time and tense
  • Modals
  • Clauses
  • Reported speech
  • Non-finite
Literature
  • Poems and Prose

NIOS Class 10 Home Science Syllabus

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for home science, which includes topics like.

  • Study of nutrition, health, and environmental care.
  • Practical applications related to food, fabrics, and well-being.
S.No. Topics
1. What is Home Science
2. Fibres and Fabrics
3. The Food That We Eat
4. Home Maintenance
5. Health and Environment
6. Family Resources
7. My family
8. Rights and Responsibilities

NIOS Class 10 Business Studies Syllabus

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for business studies, which includes 7 units containing topics like.

  • Concepts of business environment and organizational structure.
  • Banking, insurance, selling, distribution, and consumer awareness.
  • Career opportunities in various business sectors.
Units Topics
1. Business Environment
2. Structure of Business Organization
3. Service Sector and Business
4. Banking and Insurance
5. Consumer Awareness
6. Selling and Distribution
7. Career Opportunities in Business

NIOS Class 10 Psychology Syllabus

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for psychology, which includes 7 units and topics like

  • Understanding human behavior, emotions, and development.
  • Social issues, environmental concerns, and well-being strategies.
  • Psychological concepts related to work-life balance and lifestyle.
Units Topics
1. Psychology and You
2. Human Development Across Life Span
3. Your Psychological Makeup
4. Society and You
5. Entry to Work-Life and Environmental Concerns
6. Your Well-Being
7. A Way of Life

NIOS Class 10 Indian Culture and Heritage Syllabus

The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for Indian and heritage, which includes 9 units.

  • Language, literature, and arts throughout Indian history.
  • Philosophical thoughts, education, and scientific achievements.
  • Social structure and spread of Indian culture globally.
Units Topics
1. Languages and Literature
2. Indian Culture through the Ages
3. Culture: Definition and Characteristics
4. Indian Philosophical Thought
5. Education
6. Science and Technology
7. Fine Arts
8. Spread of Indian Culture Abroad
9. Social Structure

NIOS Class 10 Data Entry Operations Syllabus

​​The table below shows the NIOS class 10 syllabus for data entry operations that focuses on 9 units and topics like

  • Computer basics, word processing, and document formatting.
  • Spreadsheets, formulas, functions, and charts.
  • Presentations, mail merge, and practical data handling skills.
Units Topics
1. Basic of Word Processing
2. Operating System
3. Basics of Computer
4. Formatting Documents
5. Formatting Worksheets
6. Creating Presentation
7. Mail Merge
8. Formulas, Functions, and Charts
9. Basics of Spreadsheet

NIOS Class 10 Syllabus Weightage

The table below is the chapter-wise mark distribution for each NIOS Class 10 subject. Each subject is assessed out of 100 marks, covering both theory and practical components where applicable.

​​NIOS Class 10 English Mark Weightage

This table shows how marks are distributed across different sections in the English paper, helping students focus on reading comprehension, grammar, writing, and literature proportionally.

Section Marks
Reading 15
Writing 25
Grammar 30
Literature 30

​​NIOS Class 10 Math Mark Weightage

This table helps students understand which areas need more work to improve their overall score by breaking down the math syllabus by topic and grade.

Topic Marks
Algebra 20
Commercial Mathematics 8
Geometry 25
Mensuration 10
Trigonometry 10
Statistics 12

​​NIOS Class 10 Science Mark Weightage

The table below lists all the science topics along with their marks, enabling students to distribute their study time wisely according to topic weightage.

Topic Marks
Matter – Structure and Behaviour 12
Measurement in Science & Technology 4
Motion and Force 5
The Universe and Our Earth 6
Energy 14
Our Environment and Natural Resources 8
Life Processes 17
Man-Made Resources and Environmental Problems 5
Health, Hygiene and Diseases 4
Technology and Communication 6
Agricultural Practices 4

​​NIOS Class 10 Social Science Mark Weightage

The below-given table provides the marks allocated for each topic in social science, helping students understand where to focus for history, geography, civics, and contemporary issues.

Topic Marks
Evolution of Human Society 17
People, Society and Culture 12
India: Natural Environment, Resources and Development 15
India’s Struggle for Freedom 15
Democracy at Work 15
Citizen, State and the Constitution 13
Contemporary India: Issues and Challenges 13

​​NIOS Class 10 English Home Science Weightage

The table below outlines the topics in home science and their corresponding marks, helping students balance their study across nutrition, health, family, and environment.

Topic Marks
What is Home Science 2
Fibres and Fabrics 10
The Food That We Eat 12
Home Maintenance 10
Health and Environment 12
Family Resources 12
My Family 15
Rights and Responsibilities 12

​​

NIOS Class 10 Economics Mark Weightage

The chapter-wise mark distribution is given below for economics, helping students allocate study time effectively, focusing on high-weightage topics to maximize their scores.

Topic Marks
Evolution and Characteristics of Wants 7
Increasing Production of Goods and Services 7
Human Wants and Production 8
Buying of Goods and Services 7
Distribution of Goods and Services 7
Selling of Goods and Services 8
Understanding an Economy 9
Savings: Banks, Post Offices, and Insurance 8
Indian Economy: An Overview and Problems 19
Environment and Sustainable Development 10
World Economy 10

NIOS Class 10 Business Studies Mark Weightage

This table shows how the business studies syllabus is divided, guiding students on how to prepare for topics like business forms, the service sector, and consumer rights.

Chapter Marks
Introduction to Business 12
Forms of Business Organization 15
Service Sector 25
Buying, Selling and Distribution 18
Consumer Awareness 18
Career Opportunities in Business 12

NIOS Class 10 Syllabus Previous Years’ Question Papers

Students can refer to previous years’ question papers to prepare for their upcoming NIOS Class 10 exam.

Subject Name Sample Paper 2022 PDF
English Download here
Science and Technology Download here
Social Science Download here
Business Studies Download here
Psychology Download here
Sanskrit Download here
Home Science Download here (Hindi Medium).Download here (English Medium)
Indian Culture & Heritage Download here (Hindi Medium).Download here (English Medium)
Mathematics Download here (Hindi Medium).Download here (English Medium)
Economics Download here
Painting Download here (Hindi Medium).Download here (English Medium)

NIOS Class 10 Exam Preparation Tips

The following are some preparation tips for NIOS class 10 exams for students:

Title Details
Focus on the syllabus. Go over all of the required and elective courses in detail so that you know what you need to learn.
Make a study schedule. Allocate 6-8 hours per day with subject-wise distribution, and follow it for at least 8-10 weeks continuously before the exam.
Practice Previous Papers Try to solve 5-10 previous years’ question papers and sample papers to understand the exam pattern and mark distribution.
Concentrate on Weak Areas Give 2-3 extra revision sessions weekly to improve weak areas.
Revision Notes Prepare brief notes, summaries, or flashcards to help you quickly review for the test. Review at least 3 times before exams.
Time Management Practice completing papers within the set duration (3 hours); target solving papers with at least 99% accuracy under the timed conditions.
Maintain Your Health Sleep for at least 7-8 hours per night, and drink 2-3 liters of water daily with a balanced diet.

FAQs

Ques. What is the syllabus of NIOS Class 10?

Ans. The NIOS Class 10 syllabus is intended to be adaptable, with a focus on application and conceptual comprehension. The comprehensive syllabus is available on the official NIOS website.

Subject Type Subjects
Core Subjects English, Hindi, Science, Social Science, and Mathematics
Optional Subjects Business Studies, Psychology, Home Science, Sanskrit, Computer Applications, Painting, Indian Culture & Heritage, Economics, Home Science, and many more.

Ques. Can I score 90% in NIOS?

Ans. You can achieve a score of 90% on the NIOS. Studying regularly, understanding the material, solving previous years' papers, and adhering to the exam pattern will all help you achieve high scores. Self-paced learning is possible with NIOS, which can be advantageous if utilized properly.

Ques. Is NIOS better or CBSE?

Ans. The table below shows the comparison between the two:

Feature NIOS CBSE
Flexibility High, self-paced Low, fixed schedule
Difficulty Easier, less memorization Moderate to high, structured syllabus
Exams Multiple attempts allowed Limited attempts per year
Recognition Accepted in colleges, IIT, jobs Widely recognized nationally & internationally
Best For Dropouts, working students, self-learners Regular school students, competitive exams

Ques. Is NIOS hard or easy?

Ans. NIOS is generally easier than CBSE in terms of exam pressure because:

Feature NIOS CBSE
Difficulty Easier, flexible, self-paced Moderate to high, structured
Exam Attempts Multiple allowed Limited
Learning Style Self-study Classroom-based
Stress Lower Higher

Ques. Can I fail in NIOS?

Ans. Yes, like any board, you can fail if you don’t score the minimum passing marks. NIOS allows reappearance in subjects, so you get multiple chances to clear exams.

Ques. Is NIOS accepted in IIT?

Ans. Yes, NIOS Class 12 (and recognized Class 10 certificates) are accepted for admission to IITs, provided you meet the eligibility criteria and pass the required qualifying exams like JEE.