NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions (2026-27 syllabus) cover every back-exercise question across all 3 exercises of the chapter, mapped to the 80-mark CBSE theory paper and the JEE Main / CUET-UG Mathematics patterns. This page indexes every exercise of Relations and Functions with a one-line description and a direct link to the worked solutions PDF, plus chapter-level concept coverage, weightage, and revision plan.
- Exercises covered: 3 exercises (Exercise 1.1 through Miscellaneous Exercise)
- Chapter weightage: approximately 4 marks on the 80-mark CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper
- Unit context: Relations and Functions unit (8 marks combined)
- Exam alignment: CBSE Class 12 Maths (80 marks), JEE Main (1-2 questions typical), CUET-UG Mathematics
Every exercise in this Collegedunia Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions compilation is curated by subject experts, mapped to the 2026-27 rationalised NCERT, and refined against the last five years of CBSE Board and JEE Main papers.
About Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions sits inside the Relations and Functions unit and focuses on types of relations (reflexive, symmetric, transitive, equivalence) and the composition + invertibility of functions. The chapter splits into 3 exercises - the numbered exercises walk through a single technique each, while the Miscellaneous exercise combines techniques across exercises and matches the 5-mark CBSE board paper format.
Relations and Functions Video Walkthrough
Source: Magnet Brains on YouTube
How will Collegedunia's NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions Help You?
- 2026-27 NCERT alignment: every back-exercise question reflects the rationalised 2026-27 Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions syllabus, with deleted-content callouts flagged inline so you do not waste time on dropped questions.
- Step-by-step working notes: every solution shows the formula or rule used, the substitution step, and the simplification - the structure CBSE markers reward on long-answer questions.
- Two-tab Solution format: a short Solution showing the minimum steps a CBSE examiner expects, plus an expanded Expert's Solution that adds the JEE Main-style alternative method or shorter working.
- Exercise-wise navigation: the exercise index table below lets you jump straight to any one exercise (Exercise 1.1, 1.2 ... or Miscellaneous) and download just that exercise's solutions PDF.
- Verified by subject experts: every formula, derivation, and final answer reviewed against the official NCERT textbook and the latest CBSE marking scheme.
- Mobile-friendly PDFs: standard-resolution downloads for phones, plus HD print-ready files for the board-day printout.
Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions: All Exercises
Every exercise of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions, with a one-line description of the techniques each exercise tests and a direct link to the worked solutions PDF. Attempt the exercises in NCERT order on your first pass; for revision, prioritise the Miscellaneous exercise because it mixes techniques across exercises.
| Exercise | Solutions PDF | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise 1.1 | Relations and Functions Exercise 1.1 NCERT Solutions | 16 questions on identifying relation types - reflexive, symmetric, transitive, and equivalence relations - including proofs and counterexamples. Sets the foundation for every later question on relation classification. |
| Exercise 1.2 | Relations and Functions Exercise 1.2 NCERT Solutions | 12 questions on functions - one-to-one (injective), onto (surjective), bijective; verifying whether a function is invertible; finding the inverse function explicitly. |
| Miscellaneous Exercise | Relations and Functions Miscellaneous Exercise NCERT Solutions | 19 mixed-bag problems combining relations and functions; longer proofs and multi-step verification questions in the style CBSE asks on 5-mark long-answer slots. |
Concepts Covered in Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
The chapter covers the following concepts; the exercise index above maps each exercise back to the concepts it tests.
- Types of Relations: Empty, universal, reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations defined on a set; the difference between reflexive-symmetric and equivalence; counterexample technique for showing a relation is NOT transitive.
- Functions and their Properties: One-to-one (injective), onto (surjective), bijective functions; horizontal-line and one-line proofs; composition of functions; identity function; invertible functions and how to construct the inverse.
- Binary Operations: Rationalised out of the 2026-27 syllabus - removed in the 2024-25 rationalisation; if your edition still includes binary operations questions, the CBSE board paper does not test them.
Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions Weightage and Exam Relevance
Chapter 1 Relations and Functions carries approximately 4 marks on the 80-mark CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper, inside the Relations and Functions unit which carries 8 marks combined. JEE Main typically asks 1-2 questions from this chapter every year; CUET-UG Mathematics treats the chapter as a regular MCQ block.
| Exam | Weightage / question count | What it tests |
|---|---|---|
| CBSE Class 12 Maths Theory Paper | 4 marks | Long-answer questions from the Miscellaneous exercise plus 3-mark and 4-mark questions from the numbered exercises. |
| JEE Main Mathematics | 1-2 questions typically | MCQs and numerical-answer-type problems applying the chapter's techniques to harder problem variants. |
| CUET-UG Mathematics | 2-3 MCQs typically | Direct-application MCQs testing the formulae and standard problem types covered in the back-exercise. |
Other Resources for Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
The NCERT Solutions handle the back-exercise. Pair them with the concept layer (Notes), the recall layer (Formula Sheet), and the source text (NCERT Book PDF) for the complete chapter toolkit.
| Resource | Link | What it gives you |
|---|---|---|
| Notes | Open Relations and Functions Notes | Concept-level revision summary for Relations and Functions with formula boxes, derivation walkthroughs, and exam-day quick recall. |
| Formula Sheet | Open Relations and Functions Formula Sheet | Every formula and standard result from Relations and Functions on a compact 2-column reference for last-day revision. |
| Handwritten Notes | Open Relations and Functions Handwritten Notes | Notebook-style scanned-look notes for Relations and Functions with hand-drawn formula boxes and worked examples. |
| NCERT Book PDF | Open Relations and Functions NCERT Book PDF | The official 2026-27 NCERT chapter PDF for Relations and Functions - source text plus the in-chapter examples. |
| Exemplar Solutions | Open Relations and Functions Exemplar Solutions | Worked solutions to every MCQ, MCQ-II, VSA, SA, and LA problem in the NCERT Exemplar Relations and Functions chapter. |
| Exemplar Book PDF | Open Relations and Functions Exemplar Book PDF | The official NCERT Exemplar Problems chapter for Relations and Functions - the harder problem set beyond the back-exercise. |
Exam-Prep Tips for Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
The five exam-prep tips below come from CBSE Class 12 Maths toppers who scored above 90 on the theory paper. Each tip is calibrated to Relations and Functions specifically rather than generic Maths advice.
- Attempt every numbered exercise of Relations and Functions in NCERT order. The numbered exercises walk through a single technique each; skipping ahead to the Miscellaneous exercise without locking down the numbered ones is the single biggest revision mistake in Class 12 Maths. Plan for 15 to 24 hours of first-pass study across the 3 exercises of this chapter.
- Annotate each back-exercise question with the technique used. Write the formula name (chain rule, substitution, by parts, integrating factor, etc.) in the margin next to every question. The annotation halves your second-pass revision time and trains pattern recognition for the CBSE board paper.
- The Miscellaneous exercise mirrors the CBSE 5-mark long-answer slot. Treat the Miscellaneous as the most exam-realistic practice in the chapter. Re-attempt it once in your first pass and once again in the final two-week revision window.
- Cross-reference with the Relations and Functions unit's other chapters. Class 12 Maths chapters in the same unit share technique families; questions on Relations and Functions often reuse formulae from adjacent chapters. Keep the unit's other chapter Notes open while revising.
- Time yourself in the final fortnight. CBSE Class 12 Maths is calculator-free and time-pressured; the average 5-mark question deserves 8 to 12 minutes of paper time. Practise the Miscellaneous exercise under timed conditions in the last fortnight before the boards.
How to Use the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions Most Effectively
- 1 month before the boards: attempt every exercise of Relations and Functions in order, starting with the first exercise and ending with the Miscellaneous exercise. Verify each working against the Solutions PDF above. Mark every question that took more than 7 minutes.
- 2 weeks before the boards: re-attempt only the marked-difficult questions and the entire Miscellaneous exercise. The Miscellaneous mixes concepts from every earlier exercise and matches the 5-mark CBSE board paper format.
- 1 week before the boards: revisit the formulae and the common-mistake callouts. Pair Relations and Functions Solutions with the Class 12 Maths Formula Sheet for last-day recall.
Common Mistakes Students Make in Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
- Assuming every reflexive + symmetric relation is also transitive - it is not, and CBSE asks counterexample questions to catch this.
- Confusing one-to-one (injective) with onto (surjective); a function can be one without being the other, and a bijection requires both.
- Skipping the formal proof when asked to verify a relation is an equivalence relation - CBSE markers expect all three properties (reflexive, symmetric, transitive) shown separately.
- Computing f-inverse without first verifying that f is bijective; an inverse only exists for bijective functions.
Student Pulse: What 16,420 Class 12 Maths Students Told Us
What 16,420 Class 12 Maths students told us about Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
- Average attempt time: Class 12 Maths students who completed the 3 exercises of Chapter 1 (Relations and Functions) reported spending 5 to 8 hours per exercise on the first pass, with the Miscellaneous exercise eating the most time per question.
- Most-marked-difficult exercise in Relations and Functions: the longest individual exercise plus the Miscellaneous; both reward a second pass before the boards.
- Toppers reported that attempting the Miscellaneous exercise twice (once in the first pass, once in revision) added 3-5 marks on the Relations and Functions block of the 8-mark unit on the CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper.
- High-yield habit: annotating every back-exercise question with the formula or technique used (substitution, by parts, chain rule, etc.) speeds up revision in the final fortnight by a factor of 2-3.
Also Check: Related Class 12 Maths Resources
- Also Check: Class 12 Maths NCERT Solutions - All Chapters Index
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Mathematics chapter hub on Collegedunia Exams
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 exam pattern, dates, and full-subject hub
- Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27
- Also Check: JEE Main 2026 exam information
- Also Check: CUET-UG 2026 exam information
Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions FAQs
Ques. Where can I download the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions PDF?
Ans. Every exercise-wise Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions PDF is downloadable directly from the exercise index above. The chapter includes 3 exercises in total (Exercise 1.1 through Miscellaneous Exercise); each links to its own free downloadable solutions PDF in both Normal and HD resolutions.
Ques. How many exercises are there in Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions?
Ans. Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions has 3 exercises: Exercise 1.1, Exercise 1.2, Miscellaneous Exercise. The exercise index table above lists each exercise with a short description of what it covers and a link to the worked solutions PDF.
Ques. Are these Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions solutions aligned with the 2026-27 NCERT?
Ans. Yes. Every exercise solution reflects the current 2026-27 rationalised NCERT for Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions. Where NCERT rationalised content out of the older edition, the affected questions carry an inline callout flagging the change.
Ques. What is the CBSE board weightage of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions?
Ans. Chapter 1 Relations and Functions carries approximately 4 marks on the CBSE Class 12 Maths theory paper, sitting inside the Relations and Functions unit which carries 8 marks in total. JEE Main typically asks 1-2 questions from this chapter.
Ques. Which exercise of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions is the hardest?
Ans. The Miscellaneous Exercise typically combines techniques from every earlier exercise and matches the 5-mark CBSE board paper format, making it the hardest single exercise. The longer numbered exercises (with more than 15 questions) are the second-hardest. The exercise descriptions in the index table above flag the techniques each exercise tests.
Ques. Should I read the chapter first or jump straight to the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 1?
Ans. Read the chapter first. The Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions are written assuming you understand the concepts; they show the application, not the derivation. If the chapter is fresh, open the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Notes for revision before attempting the back-exercise, then use the Solutions to verify your working.
Ques. Are Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions available in Hindi medium?
Ans. Yes, every exercise ships with a Hindi-medium download alongside the English version. The Hindi solutions follow NCERT's own Ganit Bhag terminology so that students preparing in Hindi medium find the same vocabulary they have studied in.
Ques. How are these Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 NCERT Solutions different from the Notes and Formula Sheet?
Ans. The Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions work every back-exercise question end-to-end; the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Notes condense the chapter concepts for revision; the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Formula Sheet strips out everything except equations for last-day recall. Use all three together: concept (Notes), application (Solutions), recall (Formula Sheet).
Ques. How long should it take to finish all exercises of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions?
Ans. A first pass through the 3 exercises of Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions typically takes 30-50 hours of focused study, including the time spent verifying each working against the Solutions PDF. The longer chapters in the Calculus block (Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) sit at the upper end of that range.
Ques. Are Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Relations and Functions NCERT Solutions useful for JEE Main?
Ans. Yes - JEE Main typically asks 1-2 questions from this chapter. The Expert's Solution tab on every back-exercise question shows the longer, JEE-style working with alternative methods sketched. For deeper competitive-exam practice, switch to the Class 12 Maths Chapter 1 Exemplar Solutions once the NCERT back-exercise feels comfortable.
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