CBSE Class 12 Physics notes, as per the latest CBSE Class 12 syllabus has been provided in this article. The CBSE Class 12 notes consist of chapter-wise notes and NCERT Solutions to prepare for the CBSE Class 12 Board exam. Students can find links to NCERT Notes for all physics chapters of Class 12, organized by chapter number and title.
- There are a total of 14 chapters in the CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus.
- One chapter, Communication Systems (Chapter 15), has been removed from the CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus and the NCERT textbook
- These notes will be very useful during the preparation of the board exam.
- Class 12 Physics Notes will help in quick revision and provide an overview of the chapter.
- These notes cover all key concepts, theories, and formulas presented in a clear and simplified format.

Also Check:
- NCERT Books Class 12 (Available): Download Free PDF for Class 12 Books Here
- CBSE Class 12 Chapter-Wise Weightage: Check Weightage and Important Topics
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026
You can check the chapter-wise Physics Class 12 syllabus in the table below. All the chapters are linked to detailed explanations and sample questions.
| S. No | Chapter-wise Class 12 Physics Notes PDF FREE Download |
|---|---|
| 1 | Chapter 1 - Electric Charges and Fields |
| 2 | Chapter 2 - Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance |
| 3 | Chapter 3 - Current Electricity |
| 4 | Chapter 4 - Moving Charges and Magnetism |
| 5 | Chapter 5 - Magnetism and Matter |
| 6 | Chapter 6 - Electromagnetic Induction |
| 7 | Chapter 7 - Alternating Currents |
| 8 | Chapter 8 - Electromagnetic Waves |
| 9 | Chapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments |
| 10 | Chapter 10 - Wave Optics |
| 11 | Chapter 11 - Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
| 12 | Chapter 12 - Atoms |
| 13 | Chapter 13 - Nuclei |
| 14 | Chapter 14 - Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits |
| Removed Chapter | |
| Communication Systems | |
Also Read:
- CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2026 with Solutions (Available)- Download Pdf
- CBSE 12th Exam Analysis 2026: Check Expected Difficulty Level, Subject-wise Weightage, and Question Papers PDF
Chapter-Wise CBSE Class 12 Physics Notes
In this section, we have provided the Class 12 Physics Notes for important topics along with chapter-wise NCERT solutions.
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
The Class 12 Physics chapter 1 deals with the studies on Electric Charges and Fields. In this chapter the Gause’s law, Coulomb’s Law, Dipole in a Uniform External Field are also described.
Here are the important NCERT notes from this chapter-
- Electric Charges
- Maxwell's Equations
- Conservation of Charge
- Electric dipole
- Electric flux
- Electric field
- Applications of Gauss’s Law
- Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solution Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
In Class 12 Physics Chapter 2, the ideas of Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance are discussed. Some of the related concepts are Van de Graff Generator, Potential due to an Electric Dipole. Important notes for the Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance chapter include-
- Electrostatic Potential
- Equipotential Surfaces
- Unit of Capacitance
- Energy Stored in a Capacitor
- Dielectric Constant
- Combination of Capacitors
- Electrostatic Shielding
- Potential due to a Point Charge
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 3: Current Electricity
The Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 includes the topics Electric Current, Wheatstone Bridge, Potentiometer, Resistor Colour Codes. In this chapter, you will also learn concepts like Ampere, Draft Velocity, and Electromotive Force. Some important topics from this chapter are:
- Kirchhoff’s Rules
- Ohm’s Law And its Limitations
- Meter Bridge
- Electric Current Formula
- Cells, emf, Internal Resistance
- Combination of Resistors-Series and Parallel
- Cells in Series and in Parallel
- Static Electricity
- Difference between emf and voltage
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solution Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Current Electricity
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
In this Class 12 Physics Chapter, the basic concepts of Magnetism with the ideas of Lorentz Force, Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law are explained. Here are the important Noytes from this chapter-
- Magnetic Force and Magnetic Field
- SI Unit of Magnetic Field
- The Moving Coil Galvanometer
- The Solenoid and the Toroid
- Derivation of lorentz transformation
- Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current Loop
- Cyclotron
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solution Class 12 Physics Chapter 4 Moving Charges and Magnetism
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter
This Class 12 Physics chapter includes the basic relationships between magnetism and various matters. The related concepts like Magnetism and Gauss’s Law, Ferromagnetism, Magnetic Susceptibility, Magnetic Poles are also included. The important topics from this chapter include-
- Magnetic Properties of Materials
- Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity
- Difference between electromagnet and permanent magnet
- Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets
- The Earth’s Magnetism
- Curie weiss law
- Magnetometer
- Einstein Field Equation
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
This Class 12 Physics chapter includes the explanations of the concepts like Magnetic Flux, Faraday’s Law of Induction, Lenz’s Law and Conservation of Energy. This chapter also includes the detailed studies of Unit of Magnetic Flux, Motional emf. The important topics from this chapter include-
- Electromagnetism
- Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
- Eddy Currents
- Types of generators
- Energy Consideration
- Magnetic Flux Formula
- Inductance
- AC Generator
- Electromagnetic Damping
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 6 Electromagnetic Induction
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 7: Alternating Current
In this Class 12 Physics chapter, the core concept related to Alternating Current is explained. The topics like Transformers, Power Factor, Types of AC Motors are included in this chapter. The important topics from this chapter are:
- LC Oscillations
- Power in AC Circuit: The Power Factor
- Sharpness Of Resonance
- Difference between resistance and impedance
- AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor
- AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor
- Difference between a capacitor and an inductor
- Relation between line voltage and phase voltage
- AC Voltage Applied to a Series LCR Circuit
- AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 7: Alternating Current
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves
This Class 12 Physics chapter can be considered as the introductory chapter to the concept of Electromagnetic Waves, along with the ideas of Maxwell Equations, Gamma Radiation. The other important topics from this chapter-
- Displacement Current
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Displacement Current
- Impedance of free space
- X Ray
- Infrared Radiation
- Electromagnetic Radiation
- Electromagnetic Waves MCQ
- Radio Waves
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 8 Electromagnetic Waves
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
This Class 12 Physics chapter deals with the ideas of Refraction and Reflection. The important topics related to Ray Optics and Optical Instruments are-
- Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors
- Reflection on a Plane Mirror
- Total Internal Reflection
- Wave Particle Duality
- Optical Instruments
- Refraction through a Prism
- Difference between simple and compound microscope
- Dispersion by a Prism
- Uses of Concave Mirror
- Uses of Convex Mirror
- Refraction At Spherical Surfaces and By Lenses
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 10: Wave Optics
The Physics Class 12 chapter of Wave Optics includes the study of the relations between light and waves. This chapter also explains concepts like Huygens Principle, Brewster's Law and Coherent Sources. Some important topics are:
- Polarisation
- Diffraction
- Difference between diffraction and interference
- Coherent and Incoherent Addition of Waves
- Doppler Effect Formula
- Interference of Light Waves and Young’s Experiment
- Raman Scattering
- Brewsters law formula
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 10 Wave Optics
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
This Class 12 Physics chapter introduced the concept of Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter. The related concepts, which are explained well, include Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation. Here are the important topics from this chapter-
- Photoelectric Effect
- De broglie wavelength formula
- Davisson and Germer Experiment
- Electron Emission
- Compton wavelength
- Particle Nature of Light: The Photon
- Planck Equation
- Quantum Theory Of Light
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 12: Atoms
This Class 12 Physics chapter includes an in-depth knowledge of Atoms along with other related concepts like Alpha Particle Mass, Modern Physics, Fermi Energy. Here are the important topics from this chapter-
- Alpha-particle Scattering and Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom
- Atomic Spectra
- Spectral Series
- Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
- Ionizing radiation
- Bohr Radius
- Laser
- Avogadro's Number
- Quantum mechanics
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 13: Nuclei
The detailed study of the concept of nuclei is explained in this Class 12 Physics topic. It also includes other important topics like Beta Decay, Nuclear Physics, and Readioactive Decay. Here are some of the important topics from this chapter-
- Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy
- Nuclear Force
- Unit of Radioactivity
- Radioactive decay formula
- Positron
- Nuclear Energy
- Nuclear Binding Energy
- Mass Energy Equivalence
- Neutron Mass
- Nuclear reactor based on nuclear fission
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei
Class 12 Physics Notes for Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics
In this chapter, the basic concepts of Semiconductor Electronics are introduced along with other related concepts like Transitor, Fullwave Rectifier, and Half Wave Rectifier. Some important topics from this chapter are mentioned below-
- Classification of Metals, Conductors, and Semiconductors
- Intrinsic Semiconductor
- Extrinsic Semiconductor
- p-n Junction
- Semiconductor Diode
- Light Emitting Diode
- Zener Diode
- Integrated Circuits
- Junction Transistor
- Schottky diode
- Spintronics
- Digital Electronics and Logic Gates
- Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator
- Difference between npn and pnp transistor
NCERT Solution: NCERT Solutions Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits






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