FMGE Syllabus 2026: 19 Subjects, Subject-Wise Topics, Weightage and PDF Download

Tissue types, skeletal landmarks, joint types and movements, muscle attachments, vascular supply patterns, nerve classification (somatic vs autonomic)

Brachial plexus roots and terminal branches; nerve injuries — Erb’s palsy, Klumpke’s palsy, median nerve (ape hand), ulnar nerve (claw hand), radial nerve (wrist drop); carpal tunnel syndrome; anatomical snuffbox contents

Femoral triangle contents, femoral vs obturator nerve injuries, foot drop (common peroneal nerve), meralgia paraesthetica (lateral femoral cutaneous nerve), hip joint relations and dislocation

Heart borders and surface projections, coronary artery supply (LAD, RCA, LCx), lung lobes and fissures, intercostal space structure, mediastinal compartments and contents

Inguinal canal boundaries (Hasselbach’s triangle), direct vs indirect hernia, portal circulation and portosystemic anastomoses, bile duct anatomy, retroperitoneal organs, McBurney’s point

All 12 cranial nerves (origin, course, functions, lesion effects), foramina and their contents, cavernous sinus relations, parotid gland and facial nerve, thyroid blood supply

Ascending tracts (dorsal column vs spinothalamic), descending tracts, cerebellar connections, limbic system, internal capsule blood supply, circle of Willis, Brown-Séquard syndrome

Germ layers and their derivatives, cardiac and gut looping, congenital anomalies (VSD, tracheo-oesophageal fistula, Meckel’s diverticulum), epithelium types and locations

Starling’s law, Wiggers diagram, JVP waveforms (a, c, v waves), baroreceptor reflex, cardiac output calculation (Fick’s principle), hypertension mechanisms

Spirometry values (FVC, FEV1, TLC, RV), V/Q mismatch and dead space, oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve shifts, types of hypoxia (hypoxic, anaemic, stagnant, histotoxic)

Starling forces across glomerulus, clearance calculations (inulin for GFR, PAH for RPF), RAAS system, aldosterone targets, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and metabolic acidosis/alkalosis types

Ion channels (Na+/K+), saltatory conduction, sliding filament theory, neurotransmitters at NMJ (acetylcholine), myasthenia gravis mechanism and treatment, deep tendon reflexes and spinal cord levels

Insulin mechanism and counterregulatory hormones, glucagon functions, cortisol synthesis and stress response, ACTH regulation (negative feedback), thyroid hormone synthesis steps, ADH and diabetes insipidus

EEG wave types (alpha, beta, theta, delta), REM vs NREM sleep differences, visual field defects by lesion site, gate control theory of pain, cerebellar signs (DANISH mnemonic)

Intrinsic factor (Castle’s factor), bile synthesis and enterohepatic circulation, coagulation cascade (intrinsic vs extrinsic pathway), blood groups (ABO and Rh), erythropoiesis and iron absorption sites

Michaelis-Menten equation and Km concept, competitive vs non-competitive inhibition, isoenzymes in diagnosis (LDH isoforms, CK-MB in MI), collagen structure and disorders (scurvy, osteogenesis imperfecta)

Net ATP yield from glucose (aerobic vs anaerobic), HMP shunt significance (G6PD deficiency), glycogen storage diseases (Von Gierke, McArdle, Pompe), gluconeogenesis substrates, Cori cycle

LDL vs HDL functions, statin mechanism (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor), essential fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic), lipoprotein lipase deficiency, cholesterol conversion to bile acids

Deficiency diseases: Vitamin A (night blindness, Bitot’s spots), C (scurvy — bleeding gums), D (rickets/osteomalacia), B1 (beriberi/Wernicke’s), B3 (pellagra — 3 D’s), B12 (megaloblastic anaemia); iron absorption factors

PCR steps and applications, restriction enzymes, oncogenes (RAS, MYC) and tumour suppressors (p53, Rb), point mutations vs frame-shift mutations, inborn errors (PKU, alkaptonuria, homocystinuria)

ALT vs AST pattern in liver diseases, direct vs indirect bilirubin (pre-hepatic vs post-hepatic jaundice), creatinine clearance interpretation, HbA1c significance (2–3 month glucose average), electrolyte disorders (hypo/hypernatremia, hypo/hyperkalaemia)

Types of necrosis (coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat, fibrinoid, gangrenous); apoptosis vs necrosis differences; acute vs chronic inflammation mediators (histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes); granuloma-forming conditions; wound healing by primary vs secondary intention

Benign vs malignant distinguishing features, oncogenes (RAS, MYC, HER2/neu), tumour suppressor genes (p53, Rb, APC, BRCA), paraneoplastic syndromes, tumour markers (PSA, AFP, CEA, CA-125, CA 19-9)

MI zonal patterns and timeline of changes; glomerulonephritis types (minimal change, membranous, FSGS, IgA nephropathy); micronodular vs macronodular cirrhosis; thyroid tumours (papillary vs follicular vs medullary); anaemia classification (microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic); leukaemia vs lymphoma distinctions

Gell-Coombs classification (Type I — IgE/immediate; Type II — cytotoxic; Type III — immune complex; Type IV — delayed/cell-mediated); SLE pathology and LE cell; HIV immunopathology and CD4 count thresholds; organ transplant rejection types (hyperacute, acute, chronic)

Staph aureus toxins and diseases, Streptococcal classification (GABHS, viridans, pneumococcus), Mycobacterium tuberculosis lab diagnosis (ZN stain, Lowenstein-Jensen medium), MRSA and antibiotic resistance mechanisms (beta-lactamase, ESBL)

HIV replication cycle and ARV drug targets, CD4 count thresholds for OI prophylaxis, HBsAg/anti-HBs/HBeAg serological interpretation, Hepatitis C genotypes and treatment, TORCH infections in pregnancy, rabies Negri bodies

Malaria — life cycle, differences between P. falciparum and P. vivax, drug treatment (chloroquine, artemisinin); amoebic liver abscess (Anchovy sauce pus); Wuchereria bancrofti and lymphoedema; hydatid disease (Echinococcus); Leishmania species and sandfly vector

Immunoglobulin classes and functions, complement pathways (classical vs alternate), BCG vaccine and contraindications, Candida vs Cryptococcus differentiation (India ink stain), opportunistic fungi in HIV/immunocompromised (Pneumocystis jiroveci, Aspergillus)

Volume of distribution, first-pass effect, enzyme induction (rifampicin, phenobarbitone) vs inhibition (ketoconazole, erythromycin), half-life calculations, receptor types (Gs, Gi, Gq) and second messengers

Adrenaline uses (anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest), noradrenaline (septic shock), beta-blocker cardioselectivity (atenolol, metoprolol vs propranolol), atropine uses and side effects, neostigmine mechanism

Vaughan-Williams antiarrhythmic classification, ACE inhibitor side effects (cough, angioedema), thiazide vs loop diuretic (furosemide) uses, digoxin toxicity signs, nitrates mechanism and tolerance, statins and myopathy risk

Phenytoin mechanism, toxicity (gingival hyperplasia, ataxia, teratogenicity); valproate spectrum (all seizure types); haloperidol EPS and tardive dyskinesia; SSRI vs TCA differences; morphine pharmacology; benzodiazepine reversal with flumazenil

Beta-lactam mechanism (cell wall synthesis inhibition), aminoglycoside ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, quinolone contraindications (children, pregnancy), antiretroviral drug classes (NRTI, NNRTI, PI, INSTI), cell-cycle specific (vincristine, methotrexate) vs non-specific (alkylating agents) anticancer drugs

Timing of rigor mortis onset (2–6 hours), duration (24–48 hours), and resolution; factors affecting timing (temperature, muscle mass); medicolegal significance for post-mortem interval estimation; livor mortis fixation and its medicolegal use

Entry vs exit gunshot wound features (tattooing, blackening, inverted vs everted margins), contact vs distant range injuries, blunt vs sharp force injury differences, defence wounds, hanging vs strangulation differentiation

Organophosphate poisoning features (SLUDGE/DUMBELS) and antidotes (atropine + pralidoxime); cyanide poisoning and antidote (sodium thiosulphate + dicobalt edetate); heavy metal toxicity (arsenic — Mee’s lines, lead — basophilic stippling); carbon monoxide (cherry red colour); acute vs chronic alcohol poisoning

Types of consent (express vs implied, informed vs therapeutic privilege), exceptions to consent (emergency, mental illness), dying declaration admissibility conditions, exhumation rules, NDPS Act provisions, Consumer Protection Act and medical negligence

ECG interpretation (LBBB, RBBB, AF, AV blocks, WPW syndrome); STEMI management (thrombolysis vs PCI window); Killip classification; JNC criteria for hypertension staging; mitral stenosis signs (opening snap, rumbling diastolic murmur); infective endocarditis (Duke criteria)

DOTS regimen (RNTCP/NTEP categories); Mantoux interpretation; spirometry in obstructive vs restrictive disease (FEV1/FVC ratio); CURB-65 score for pneumonia; Light’s criteria (exudate vs transudate); atypical pneumonia organisms (Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia)

Child-Pugh score (cirrhosis prognosis), SAAG value in ascites (>1.1 portal hypertension), H. pylori triple therapy, Crohn’s vs UC differences (skip lesions vs continuous, transmural vs mucosal), HBsAg/anti-HBs/HBeAg serology interpretation

HbA1c targets (<7%), DKA vs HHS management; Graves’ disease vs Hashimoto’s thyroiditis autoantibodies; dexamethasone suppression test (low-dose vs high-dose); DI vs SIADH (urine osmolality and serum sodium); MEN1, MEN2A, MEN2B components

RIFLE and KDIGO criteria for AKI; GFR stages in CKD (G1–G5); minimal change disease (most common nephrotic in children); IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease — most common nephritic in adults); renal tubular acidosis types; indications for urgent dialysis

MCA vs ACA vs PCA territory stroke features; tPA window (4.5 hours); first-line antiepileptics per seizure type; CSF findings in bacterial vs viral vs TB meningitis; GBS vs MG distinction; Parkinson’s pathology (Lewy bodies, dopamine deficit in substantia nigra)

Widal test interpretation and its limitations; dengue NS1 antigen and IgM ELISA timing; WHO staging in HIV; falciparum malaria treatment (artesunate + lumefantrine); blood picture differences (iron-deficiency vs megaloblastic vs haemolytic anaemia); DIC diagnostic criteria

Alvarado score for appendicitis, Murphy’s sign and Courvoisier’s sign, Meckel’s diverticulum (rule of 2s), intussusception vs volvulus differences, Dukes’/Astler-Coller staging for colorectal cancer, obstructive vs paralytic ileus X-ray findings

Indirect vs direct inguinal hernia (lateral vs medial to inferior epigastric artery); Hasselbach’s triangle boundaries; femoral canal contents and femoral hernia demographics (middle-aged women); reducible vs irreducible vs strangulated hernia management

ATLS primary survey (ABCDE), Parkland formula for burns (4 mL/kg/% BSA — first 8 hours: half, next 16 hours: half), Rule of Nines for BSA estimation, Gustilo classification for open fractures, tetanus prophylaxis in wounds

TNM staging for breast cancer, BRCA1/2 significance, triple assessment (clinical + imaging + FNAC), Paget’s disease of nipple; thyroid FNAC Bethesda reporting, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury risk after thyroidectomy, post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia (Chvostek and Trousseau signs)

ESWL vs PCNL indications by stone size, PSA cut-off and interpretation, TURP syndrome, Virchow’s triad for DVT, ankle-brachial index in peripheral arterial disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm management threshold (5.5 cm)

ANC schedule (minimum 4 visits), preeclampsia diagnosis (BP ≥140/90 + proteinuria), eclampsia management (magnesium sulphate — Pritchard’s regimen), HELLP syndrome, gestational diabetes screening (GCT at 24–28 weeks), Rh isoimmunisation and anti-D timing

Bishop’s score for cervical ripening, cardiotocography interpretation (late decelerations = fetal distress), vacuum vs forceps indications, PPH management (HAEMOSTASIS mnemonic, oxytocin first-line), placenta praevia vs abruption clinical differences, PROM vs PPROM management

Placenta praevia grading (I–IV), painless vs painful bleeding distinction, Couvelaire uterus in abruption, DIC complication in severe abruption, expectant vs active management thresholds by gestation

FIGO staging for cervical cancer and endometrial cancer; CA-125 in ovarian cancer; Pap smear CIN grading; types of uterine prolapse (first, second, third degree); OCP for endometriosis treatment; infertility workup (semen analysis normal values — WHO 2021 criteria)

Pearl Index, IUCD contraindications (PID, uterine anomaly), emergency contraception window (levonorgestrel within 72 hours, ulipristal within 120 hours), MTP Act 1971 limits (up to 20 weeks with conditions), medical vs surgical MTP methods

RCT vs cohort vs case-control vs cross-sectional differences; incidence vs prevalence; odds ratio vs relative risk; sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV calculations; Bradford Hill criteria for causality; Berkson’s bias and selection bias

Normal distribution, standard error, type I and type II errors (alpha and beta), p-value interpretation (<0.05 = significant), chi-square test (categorical data), t-test (continuous data), ANOVA for multiple groups

National immunisation schedule under UIP (BCG, OPV, IPV, Hepatitis B, DPT, Hib, PCV, Rotavirus, MMR, JE — ages and doses); cold chain equipment (ILR, DF, cold box); DOTS protocol; malaria case definitions; Nikshay portal for TB notification

Gomez classification of PEM (% of expected weight), IAP classification, kwashiorkor vs marasmus clinical differences, Vitamin A supplementation doses and schedule, chlorination of water (residual chlorine 0.5 ppm), food adulteration detection tests

Current IMR and MMR values for India (NFHS-5 data); ANC visit schedule; APGAR score components and timing (1 and 5 minutes); birth weight cut-offs (LBW <2.5 kg, VLBW <1.5 kg); JSY incentive amounts; Janani Suraksha Yojana eligibility criteria

Phototherapy indications (bilirubin thresholds by age and gestational age), exchange transfusion criteria, Ballard score for gestational age, physiological vs pathological jaundice distinction, surfactant therapy in RDS, Kangaroo Mother Care benefits, APGAR scoring

Social smile (6–8 weeks), neck holding (3–4 months), sitting without support (6–7 months), standing with support (9 months), walking alone (12–15 months); Tanner stages; MUAC cut-offs; z-score interpretation in growth charts

UIP vaccine schedule ages (BCG at birth, Hepatitis B at 0/6/10/14 weeks, MMR at 9–12 months), Koplik’s spots in measles (before rash), staccato cough in pertussis, febrile convulsion management vs epilepsy, Mantoux interpretation in children (>10 mm positive)

TOF (4 features — VSD, overriding aorta, RVOT obstruction, RVH); TOF squatting and tet spells; VSD vs ASD murmur differences; nephrotic syndrome features in children (oedema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, hyperlipidaemia); ALL (most common childhood cancer) vs AML; haemophilia A vs B treatment

Trachoma WHO staging (TF, TI, TS, TT, CO), corneal vascularisation causes (superficial vs deep), SICS vs phacoemulsification indications, mature vs hypermature cataract signs, posterior capsular opacification (after-cataract), anterior uveitis vs acute glaucoma differentiation

Cup-disc ratio (>0.6 suspicious), normal IOP range (10–21 mmHg), Humphrey visual field defects in glaucoma (arcuate scotoma, nasal step), acute angle-closure treatment (pilocarpine, acetazolamide, laser iridotomy), buphthalmos in congenital glaucoma

NPDR vs PDR (neovascularisation = PDR), flame-shaped haemorrhages (CRVO), cherry red spot (CRAO), leukocoria causes (retinoblastoma, cataract, Toxocara), anti-VEGF for diabetic macular oedema, laser photocoagulation indications

Bitemporal hemianopia (pituitary lesion — optic chiasm), homonymous hemianopia (optic tract, radiation, cortex), Argyll Robertson pupil (syphilis), Horner’s syndrome (miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis), cover test for squint, myopia vs hypermetropia management

Rinne and Weber test interpretation (CHL vs SNHL); safe vs unsafe CSOM (cholesteatoma features — attic perforation, foul-smelling discharge, conductive HL); audiogram patterns; BPPV — Dix-Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre; Meniere’s disease triad (episodic vertigo + SNHL + tinnitus)

Killian’s dehiscence (pharyngeal pouch), Woodruff’s plexus (posterior epistaxis) vs Kiesselbach’s / Little’s area (anterior epistaxis), antrochoanal polyp vs ethmoidal polyp differences, FESS indications, halo test for CSF rhinorrhoea

Quinsy (peritonsillar abscess) — hot potato voice, uvular deviation; croup (subglottic — Steeple sign on X-ray) vs epiglottitis (supraglottic — thumb sign); laryngeal cancer staging (most common: glottic); tracheostomy tube types and complications; vocal cord paralysis laryngoscopic findings

ICD-10 / DSM-5 diagnostic criteria; schizophrenia — positive (hallucinations, delusions) vs negative (flat affect, avolition) symptoms; ECT indications (severe depression, catatonia); antipsychotic EPS (acute dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia) and management; SSRI uses and discontinuation syndrome; delirium vs dementia differentiation; alcohol withdrawal management (chlordiazepoxide)

Psoriasis (Auspitz sign, Koebner phenomenon, salmon-coloured plaques, silvery scales); lichen planus (6 P’s); pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid differences (acantholysis vs subepidermal); leprosy WHO classification (PB vs MB) and MDT regimen; syphilis stages (VDRL vs TPHA vs FTA-ABS); genital herpes HSV-2; condylomata acuminata (HPV 6, 11)

ASA physical status classification; Mallampati grading (class I–IV); Cormack-Lehane laryngoscopy grades; MAC values of inhalational agents; succinylcholine contraindications (hyperkalaemia risk — burns, crush injury, UMN lesion); neostigmine for reversal; 2020 AHA CPR guidelines (30:2 ratio, 100–120 compressions/min); failed intubation drill

Gustilo classification (open fractures, Grade I–IIIC); compartment syndrome (5 P’s: Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paraesthesia, Paralysis) and fasciotomy; Colles’ fracture (dinner fork deformity) vs Smith’s fracture; Pott’s disease (spinal TB — Gibbus deformity); osteosarcoma (sunburst pattern, Codman’s triangle) vs Ewing’s sarcoma (onion-peel periosteal reaction); CTEV management (Ponseti method)

Chest X-ray patterns (consolidation — air bronchogram, cavitation in TB/abscess, cardiomegaly >50% CTR, Kerley B lines in pulmonary oedema); USG vs CT vs MRI indications; IVP findings in renal calculi; barium swallow patterns (rat-tail in carcinoma oesophagus, bird-beak in achalasia); obstetric USG parameters (BPD, FL, AC, AFI)

Radiation units (Gray for absorbed dose, Sievert for effective dose, Becquerel for radioactivity); radiosensitive tumours (lymphoma, seminoma, Wilms’) vs radioresistant (glioblastoma, melanoma); brachytherapy (internal — cervical cancer) vs teletherapy (external); radioiodine I-131 for differentiated thyroid cancer; radiation side effects (mucositis, radiation recall, fibrosis); bone scan with Tc-99m for skeletal metastases