Anjali Mishra Content Writer-SME
Content Writer-SME
Budding and Grafting are two methods of vegetative propagation. These methods involve the creation of new plants by combining the scion with the rootstock. Grafting and budding are examples of artificial vegetative propagation. Plants utilize their vegetative parts, like shoots, stems, leaves, and buds, for propagation and reproduction.
- Successful propagation is influenced by three factors: time, temperature, and humidity.
- Two of the most widely used budding techniques are T-budding and chip-budding.
- Budding and grafting are used to produce new plants, usually for horticultural or agricultural use.
In this article, the difference between budding and grafting along with their uses and examples are discussed in detail:
| Table of Content |
Difference between Budding and Grafting
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Development of new plants can occur by both budding and grafting, but the difference between budding and grafting can be made on various parameters such as the plant part used, growth, growing season, time, speed of growing etc.
In case of grafting in plants, the upper part of the plant is taken and it is allowed to grow on another plant. In contrast, budding in plants occurs through the transfer of a bud from one plant to another plant to grow a new plant.Some more differences between budding and grafting are mentioned in the tabular form below:
| Basis of Comparison | Budding | Grafting |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | The method by which the bud of one plant is grown on the stem of the second plant is called budding. | The method by which the stem of one plant is joined with the stem of the second plant is called grafting. |
| Evolution | One of the newly emerged methods. | One of the oldest methods. |
| Season | The process is carried out in the summer season or early spring (growth season). | The process is carried out in the winter season (dormant season). |
| Scion | The scion in budding is the bud. | The scion in grafting is the stem. |
| Size | Smaller scion size | Larger scion size |
| Growth | Shows slower growth compared to grafting. | Shows fast growth. |
| Requirements | The process of handling requires less skilled individuals. | The process of handling requires highly skilled individuals. |
| Uses | Used for vegetative propagation of fruits, nuts, and trees. | Used for elevating the quality of fruits, leaves, and flowers. |
What is Budding?
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Budding is a method where small outgrowths called buds, from one plant, are combined with the second plant to form a new plant. Fruits and flowers are the vegetative parts of the plant that are produced from the bud. Budding is generally carried out in the summer, spring, and rainy seasons.
T-budding, patch budding, ring budding, and forket budding are the different techniques used in budding. Peach, apples, berries, roses, walnuts, grapes, and nut trees are examples of plants produced from the budding technique.
Budding in Plants
What is Grafting?
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Grafting is a method where the parts of two different plants are cut, joined together, and rooted in the soil. In this method, part of the stem is used as a scion. Grafting is carried out in early spring or winter (dormant condition). To ensure the proper growth of grafted plants, the scion and rootstock must be in contact with the cambium layer.
Whip Grafting, Side Grafting, Bridge Grafting, and Bark grafting are some of the techniques used in grafting. Watermelon, grapes, tomato, cucumber, and nut trees are examples of plants produced from grafting techniques.
Grafting in Plants
Reasons for Selecting Closely Related Plants
The closely related plants is necessary to carry out the process of budding and grafting in plants for some reasons:
- They give rise to healthy plants,
- Repair the damaged plants,
- Provide higher yields,
- Makes disease and drought-tolerant plants.
- Enhance the growth rate of seedlings.
Conclusion
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In conclusion, both budding and grafting are methods of vegetative propagation or asexual reproduction. The type of scion used in the process is the primary difference between budding and grafting. Apart from this, the comparison can be made on various parameters such as duration, healing time, number of plants produced, etc. Overall, both are important in plant breeding as they produces genetically identical and improved varities of plants.
Sample Questions
Ques. What is the approximate budding and grafting time? (1 mark)
Ans. Budding is mainly carried out from June to early September, and grafting is carried out from July to early September.
Ques. What are the two features of vegetative propagation? (2 marks)
Ans. Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction.
- It involves new plant formation from the existing ones.
- It utilizes parts of plants like roots, leaves, and stems to give rise to new ones.
Ques. Define the terms scion and rootstock. (2 marks)
Ans. A scion is the top portion of the plant, also called the shoot system.
The rootstock is the bottom portion of the plant, also called the root system, where the scion needs to be placed.
Ques. Explain Inlay Grafting. (2 marks)
Ans. Inlay grafting, also called veneer grafting, is one of the most common grafting methods.
- In this method, a rectangular portion is cut halfway through the rootstock, and a similar wedge-shaped cut is made on the scion.
- The scion is then placed in the rectangular space to secure them together.
Ques. Differentiate between budding and grafting? (2 marks)
Ans. Grafting and budding differ in their methods of insertion. In budding, a bud is placed in the rootstock of a different plant, whereas in grafting a stem is placed in the rootstock of another plant.
Ques. What is meant by patch-budding? Explain. (3 marks)
Ans. Patch budding is one of the simplest budding techniques. In this technique, a rectangular bud patch is removed and inserted in the rootstock with a similarly shaped patch. This is then covered with a polythene strip or wax, exposing only the bud.
Ques. Are budding and grafting examples of artificial vegetative propagation? (1 mark)
Ans. Yes, budding and grafting are examples of artificial vegetative propagation, as this type of propagation is carried out by humans or in laboratories.
Ques. What are some other examples of artificial vegetative propagation? Explain. (2 marks)
Ans. Cutting and layering are two examples of artificial vegetative propagation.
- In cutting, a part of the stem is directly planted in the soil. Gardeners use this method.
- Layering is a method that involves bending a portion of the stem and planting it in the soil.
Ques. What are the tools used in grafting? (2 marks)
Ans. Tools such as box cutters, grafting knives, and budding knives are some examples of grafting tools.
- These tools have been developed to make the process more efficient.
- They are used to make different and precise cuts.
Ques. What are the causes of graft failure? (2 marks)
Ans. Graft failure can be due to the following reasons:
- Scion damage during the winter.
- Scion dormancy.
- Unhealthy rootstock.
- Displacement of the scions by animals or wind.
- Poor wrapping of the graft.
Ques. Mention the disadvantages of grafting. (2 marks)
Ans. The following are the disadvantages of grafting:
- It is a costly practice.
- Performed by skilled workers.
- Grafted plants have a shorter life span.
- New variety plants are not produced.
Ques. State the reason for a successful grafting process. (2 marks)
Ans. When the scion and the rootstock are in contact with the cambium layer, the transport of water and nutrients occurs between them, leading to a successful grafting process.
Ques. What is the function of a cambium layer? (1 mark)
Ans. It is a layer of cells responsible for the growth and recovery of plants. The cambium layer is present between the tissues of the xylem and phloem.
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