Maharashtra Board Class 12 Economics 2025 Question Paper (Available): Download Question Paper with Answer Key And Solutions PDF

Question 1:

Give economic terms:

(i) A desire which is backed by willingness to purchase and ability to pay.
(ii) Deposits that are withdrawable on demand.
(iii) Wear and tear of capital assets, due to their use in the process of production.
(iv) Elasticity resulting from a proportionate percentage change in the quantity demanded due to a proportionate percentage change in price.
(v) The difference between the value of a country’s exports and imports for a given period.

Question 2:

Complete the correlation:

(i) Internal Trade : Home Trade :: International Trade : ..........
(ii) Discriminated prices : .......... :: Single price : ..........
(iii) .......... : Central Bank :: SBI : Commercial Bank.
(iv) Output method : .......... :: Income method : ..........
(v) The period of Inflation : Surplus Budget :: The Period of Depression : ..........

Question 3:

Find the odd word:

(i) Durable Goods :
Furniture, Cupboard, Washing Machine, Fish.
(ii) Cost Concepts :
Total cost, Average cost, Marginal cost, Selling cost.
(iii) Legal Monopoly :
Patent, OPEC, Copyright, Trademark.
(iv) Theory of Economic Welfare :
Theory of Income and Employment, Efficiency in production, Efficiency in Consumption, Overall Economic Efficiency.
(v) Exceptions to the Law of Demand:
Giffen’s paradox, Prestige goods, Price illusion, Supply of labour.

Question 4:

The terms of Micro Economics and Macro Economics were coined by Norwegian Economist .................

• (i) Adam Smith
• (ii) J.M. Keynes
• (iii) J.B. Say
• (iv) Ragnar Frisch

Question 5:

The Price Index number is used ........

• i) to measure the general changes in the prices of goods.
• ii) as a geographical tool.
• iii) to measure the air pressure.
• iv) in measurements of goods.

Question 6:

Development financial institutions were established to ..........

• i) provide short term funds.
• ii) develop industry, agriculture and other key sectors.
• iii) regulate the money market.
• iv) regulate the capital market.

Question 7:

Obligatory functions of the govt. is ............

• i) Provision of education and health services.
• ii) Provision of pensions.
• iii) Maintaining internal law and order.
• iv) Provision of welfare measures.

Question 8:

Abhijeet sold 15 chairs for Rs. 3000, for each chair he earned Rs. 200.

Question 9:

Rajaram produced 25 quintals of wheat in his field, from it he kept aside 2 quintals of wheat for his own family use.

Question 10:

Rani collected the data of India’s National Income for the purpose of study.

Question 11:

Amar demanded milk, sugar, and tea powder jointly to satisfy his want for tea.

Question 12:

Sunita madam satisfied her want to write on the blackboard by using a chalk.

Question 13:

Distinguish between Micro Economics and Macro Economics.

Question 14:

Distinguish between Perfectly elastic demand and Perfectly inelastic demand.

Question 15:

Distinguish between Quantity index number and Value index number.

Question 16:

Distinguish between Internal debt and External debt.

Question 17:

Distinguish between Expansion of supply and Increase in supply.

Question 18:

Explain any four features of micro economics.

Question 19:

Explain the functions of Commercial Banks.

Question 20:

Explain the classification of market on the basis of time.

Question 21:

Calculate price index number from the following data:

Question 22:

Explain any four points of the role of foreign trade in India.

Question 23:

Demand Curve slopes downward from the left to the right.

Question 24:

There are no limitations to the Index numbers.

Question 25:

Elasticity of demand depends upon several factors.

Question 26:

There are some exceptions to the law of supply.

Question 27:

Capital market plays a very important role in the Indian economy.

Question 28:

Observe the given table and answer the questions below.

(a) Complete Market Demand Schedule.
(b) Draw Market Demand Curve Based on the Above Market Demand

Question 29:

Observe the following diagram of the non-linear demand curve and answer the questions given below.

(1) If \( EB = EA \) (\( Ed = 1 \)) = .......

(2) If \( EB > EA \) (\( Ed > 1 \)) = .......

(3) If \( EB < EA \) (\( Ed < 1 \)) = .......

(4) The 'x' axis represents ........ of commodity and 'y' axis represents ........ of commodity.

Question 30:

Regulated Market
Regulated market is a wholesale market where buying and selling are regulated and controlled by the state government through the market committee.

Regulated market aims at the elimination of unhealthy and unscrupulous practices regarding charges and providing facilities to producers and sellers in the market. The poor standards of primary and secondary markets in agricultural market are cash transactions, short weights, excessive market charges, unauthorized deduction, and the absence of machinery to settle disputes between sellers and buyers. These defects and malpractices can be recovered by the establishment of Regulated market. According to the Bombay Agricultural Product Market Act-1939, this market is controlled. In this market mainly the trade of cereals, fruits, tobacco, cotton, groundnut, coconut, betel nut, potatoes and turmeric, etc. are controlled.


Questions:
(1) Which act regulates the market?
(2) What are the poor standards in primary and secondary markets?
(3) Give your opinion with reference to the above passage.

Question 31:

State and explain the law of diminishing marginal utility with its assumptions.

Question 32:

State the meaning of National Income and explain the features of National Income.

Question 33:

Explain various reasons for the growth of government’s public expenditure.