Chemistry Compound Formulas: Types & List of Compounds

Content Writer-SME | Updated On - Oct 25, 2024

Chemistry formulas represent elements and compounds through symbols and help in understanding the number of atoms, bonding type and the number of elements present in each element. Some of the basic chemistry formulas are NH₃(Ammonia), CO₂(Carbon dioxide), CH₄(Methane), SO₂(Sulfur dioxide). In this article, we have covered a detailed list of all the chemical formulas related to the CBSE examination.

What are Chemical Formulas?

Every compound is a collection of two or more elements and chemistry formulas identify the proportion of each element in a particular compound. Chemistry formulas can vary from simple such as O₂(Oxygen) to complex CH₃CH₂OH (ethanol) and help in writing various type of chemical reactions. Formulas of chemical compounds can be classified into:

List of Chemical Formula: Acids, Bases & Salts

Some formulas of the chemical compounds are:

1. Common Acids

Acids are chemical substances which dissociate into H⁺ ions. Some of the commonly known acids and their formulas are given below.

Acid	Chemical Formula
Sulfuric acid	H₂SO₄
Hydrochloric acid	HCl
Nitric acid	HNO₃
Carbonic acid	H₂CO₃
Acetic acid	CH₃COOH
Phosphoric acid	H₃PO₃
Citric acid	C₆H₈O₇
Formic acid	HCOOH

2. Common Bases

Bases are chemical substances that dissociate into OH^-ions. Some of the common bases are given below.

Base	Chemical Formula
Lithium Hydroxide	LiOH
Sodium Hydroxide	NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide	KOH
Calcium Hydroxide	Ca(OH)₂
Barium Hydroxide	Ba(OH)₂
Ammonium Hydroxide	NH₄OH
Lead (IV) Hydroxide	Pb(OH)₄
Tin (II) Hydroxide	Sn(OH)₂

3. Common Cations

Cations are those atoms which donate a pair of electrons and gain a positive charge.

Cation	Chemical Formula
Ammonium	NH⁴⁺
Calcium	Ca²⁺
Potassium	K⁺
Sodium	NA⁺
Copper	Cu²⁺
Zinc	Zn²⁺
Magnesium	Mg²⁺
Lead	Pb²⁺

4. Common Anions

Anions are atoms which receive a pair of electrons and gains negative charge.

Anion	Chemical Formula
Acetate	CH₃COO^-
Carbonate	CO_3^2-
Chloride	Cl^-
Cyanide	CN^-
Fluoride	F^-
Oxide	O^2-
Phosphate	PO_4^3-
Sulfate	SO_4^2-

5. Double Salt

Double salts are those which are made up of two or more simple salts. In other words, double salts have more than one type of cations or anions.

Double Salt	Chemical Formula
Mohr’s salt	(NH₄)₂ Fe (SO₄)₂.6H₂O
Potassium Alum	K₂SO₄ Al₂ (SO₄)₃.24H2O

6. Mixed Salt

Mixed salts are formed by the combination of one or more acids and bases. Some of the most common examples of mixed salts are:

Mixed Salt	Formula
Glucose	C₆H₁₂O₆
Sugar	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Oxygen	O₂
Carbon Dioxide	CO₂
Ammonia	NH₃
Ethanol	C₂H₅OH
Vinegar	C₂H₄O₂
Baking Soda	NaHCO₃

Important Chemical Formulas Table

Some of the most important compounds are mentioned in tabular form below along with their chemical formula. These are valuable chemical formula charts for students to learn from simple to complex chemical equations and reactions.

Chemical Compounds	Chemical Formulas	Chemical Compounds	Chemical Formulas	Chemical Compounds	Chemical Formulas
Aluminum Sulfide	Al₂S₃	Acetamide	C₂H₅NO	Acetonitrile	C₂H₃N
Aluminum Bromide	AlBr₃	Aluminum Fluoride	AlF₃	Aspirin	C₉H₈O
Ammonium Carbonate	(NH₄)₂CO₃	Sodium Nitride	Na₃N	Ammonium Acetate	CH₂COONH₄
Ammonia	NH₄	Ammonium Bicarbonate	NH₄HCO₃	Ammonium Bromide	NH₄Br
Ammonium Hydroxide	NH₄OH	Ammonium Iodide	NH₄I	Ammonium nitrite	NH₄NO₂
Ammonium Nitrate	NH₄NO₃	Ammonium Phosphate	(NH₄)₃PO₄	Ammonium Sulfide	(NH₄)₂S
Arsenic acid	H₃AsO₄	Barium Oxide	BaO	Azelaic Acid	C₉H₁₆O₄
Barium Bromide	BaBr₂	Antimony(V) Chloride	SbCl₅	Barium Hydroxide	Ba(OH)₂
Barium Fluoride	BaF₂	Cadmium Nitrate	Cd(NO₃)₂	Barium phosphate	Ba₃(PO₄)₂
Bismuth(III) Chloride	BiCl₃	Caffeine	C₈H₁₀N₄O₂	Butyric Acid	C₄H₇O₂
Carbon Monoxide	CO	Camphor	C₁₀H₁₆O	Calcium Bromide	CaBr₂
Cadmium Sulphate	CdSO₄	Ethyl Acetate	C₄H₈O₂	Calcium Iodide	CaI₂
Calcium Chloride	CaCl₂	Chloroplatinic Acid	H₂PtCl₆	Borax	Na₂{B₄O₅(OH)₄].8H₂0
Acetone	C₃H₆O	Ammonium Chloride	NH₄Cl	Chlorous Acid	HClO₂
Formaldehyde	CH₂O	Cobalt II Nitrate	Co(NO₃)₂	Chromium III Chloride	CrCl₃
Chloroauric Acid	HAuCl₄	Copper (II) Carbonate	CuCO₃	Chromium III Nitrate	Cr(NO₃)₃
Chromium III Sulfate	Cr₂(SO₄)₃	Dinitrogen Pentoxide	N₂O₅	Copper I Chloride	CuCl
Cinnamic Acid	C₉H₈O₂	Gluconic Acid	C₆H₁₂O₇	Copper II Nitrate	Cu(NO₃)₂
Hydrazine	N₂H₄	Dichloroacetic Acid	C₂H₂Cl₂O₂	Hypophosphoric Acid	H₄P₂O₆
Glutaric Acid	C₅H₈0₄	Formic Acid	CH₂O₂	Hydrobromic Acid	HBr
Hydrofluoric Acid	HF	Hypobromous Acid	HBrO	Hydrogen Sulphate	HSO₄
Hyponitrous Acid	H₂N₂O₂	Iron Oxide	Fe₂O₃	Iodic Acid	HIO₃
Hydrosulfuric Acid	H₂S	Lactose	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁	Iron III Nitrate	Fe(NO₃)₃
Iron (III) Oxide	Fe₂O₃	Lead II Nitrate	Pb(NO₃)₂	Iron III Hydroxide	Fe(OH)₃
Iron(II) sulfate	Fe₂(SO₄)₃	Lithium Bromide	LiBr	Lead Iodide	PbI₂
Lead IV Oxide	PbO₂	Magnesium Carbonate	MgCO₃	Lithium Iodide	LiI
Lithium Hydroxide	LiOH	Magnesium Hydroxide	Mg(OH)₂	Magnesium Bromide	MgBr₂
Lithium Oxide	Li₂O	Magnesium Phosphate	Mg₃(PO₄)₂	Magnesium Nitrate	Mg(NO₃)₂
Magnesium Acetate	Mg(CH₃COO)₂	Maltose	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁	Magnesium Sulphate	MgSO₄
Magnesium Iodide	MgI₂	Mercury (II) Sulphate	HgSO₄	Mercury (II) Chloride	HgCl₂
Malic Acid	C₄H₆O₅	Methyl acetate	C₃H₆O₂	Monosodium Glutamate	C₅H₈NO₄Na
Mercury II Nitrate	Hg(NO₃)₂	Nickel Sulphate	NiSO₄	Nickel Nitrate	Ni(NO₃)₂
Methane	CH₄	Maleic Acid	C₄H₄O₄	Octane	C₈H₁₈
Galactose	C₆H₁₂0₆	Potassium Chromate	K₂CrO₄	Potassium Carbonate	K₂CO₃
Nitrogen Dioxide	NO₂	Potassium dihydrogen phosphate	KH₂PO₄	Potassium Acetate	CH₃CO₂K
Oxalic Acid	C₂H₂O₄	Potassium Iodide	KI	Potassium Hydrogen Phosphate	K₂HPO₄
Periodic Acid	HIO₄or H₅IO₆	Silicon Dioxide	SiO₂	Propan-2-Ol	C₃H₈O
Potassium Chlorate	KClO₃	Sodium Bromide	NaBr	Pyrophosphoric Acid	H₄P₂O₇
Potassium Bromate	B₄K₂O₇	Sodium Cyanide	NaCN	Selenic Acid	H₂SeO₄
Potassium Iodate	KIO₃	Sodium Nitrate	NaNO₃	Silver Chloride	AgCl₂
Potassium Permanganate	KMnO₄	Lead ii chloride	PbCl₂	Sodium Chromate	Na₂CrO₄
Propionic Acid	C₃H₆O₂	Sodium Sulfide	Na₂S	Silver Acetate	AgC₂H₃O₂
Resorcinol	C₆H₆O₂	Stearic Acid	C₁₈H₃₆O₂	Sodium Chlorate	NaClO₃
Selenous Acid	H₂SeO₃	Sulfur Trioxide	SO₃	Sodium Hypochlorite	NaClO
Silicic Acid	H₄O₄Si	Mercury ii sulfate	HgSO₄	Sodium Fluoride	NaF
Silver Phosphate	Ag₃PO₄	Zinc Sulphide	ZnS	Uric Acid	C₅H₄N₄O₃
Sodium Acetate	C₂H₃NaO₂	Pyrosulfuric Acid	H₂S₂O₇	Zinc Chloride	ZnCl₂
Sodium Dichromate	Na₂Cr₂O₇	Sulfurous Acid	H₂SO₃	Sodium Thiosulfate	Na₂S₂O₃
Sodium Iodide	NaI	Tartaric Acid	C₄H₆O₆	Sodium peroxide	Na₂O2

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn(s) + 2Ag⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2Ag(s) takes place. Further show:
(i) Which of the electrode is negatively charged?
(ii) The carriers of the current in the cell.
(iii) Individual reaction at each electrode.

View Solution

2.
Which of the following compounds would undergo aldol condensation, which the Cannizzaro reaction and which neither? Write the structures of the expected products of aldol condensation and Cannizzaro reaction.
\((i) Methanal \)
\((ii) 2-Methylpentanal \)
\((iii) Benzaldehyde \)
\((iv) Benzophenone \)
\((v) Cyclohexanone \)
\((vi) 1-Phenylpropanone \)
\((vii) Phenylacetaldehyde \)
\((viii) Butan-1-ol \)
\((ix) 2, 2-Dimethylbutanal\)

View Solution

3.
Write equations of the following reactions:
(i)Friedel-Crafts reaction–alkylation of anisole.
(ii)Nitration of anisole.
(iii)Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.
(iv)Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

View Solution

4.
Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

View Solution

5.
Write down the electronic configuration of:
(i) Cr³⁺ (iii) Cu⁺ (v) Co²⁺ (vii) Mn²⁺
(ii) Pm³⁺ (iv) Ce⁴⁺ (vi) Lu²⁺ (viii) Th⁴⁺

View Solution

6.
Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.

View Solution

View All

CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

Chemistry

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Chemistry NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12: Download Free NCERT Solutions PDFs

Chemistry Compound Formulas: Types & List of Compounds

What are Chemical Formulas?

List of Chemical Formula: Acids, Bases & Salts

1. Common Acids

3. Common Cations

4. Common Anions

5. Double Salt

6. Mixed Salt

Important Chemical Formulas Table

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn(s) + 2Ag⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2Ag(s) takes place. Further show:
(i) Which of the electrode is negatively charged?
(ii) The carriers of the current in the cell.
(iii) Individual reaction at each electrode.

3.
Write equations of the following reactions:
(i)Friedel-Crafts reaction–alkylation of anisole.
(ii)Nitration of anisole.
(iii)Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.
(iv)Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

4.
Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

5.
Write down the electronic configuration of:
(i) Cr³⁺ (iii) Cu⁺ (v) Co²⁺ (vii) Mn²⁺
(ii) Pm³⁺ (iv) Ce⁴⁺ (vi) Lu²⁺ (viii) Th⁴⁺

6.
Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.

Comments

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWS LETTER

Chemistry Compound Formulas: Types & List of Compounds

What are Chemical Formulas?

List of Chemical Formula: Acids, Bases & Salts

1. Common Acids

3. Common Cations

4. Common Anions

5. Double Salt

6. Mixed Salt

Important Chemical Formulas Table

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1. Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn(s) + 2Ag+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + 2Ag(s) takes place. Further show: (i) Which of the electrode is negatively charged? (ii) The carriers of the current in the cell. (iii) Individual reaction at each electrode.

3. Write equations of the following reactions: (i)Friedel-Crafts reaction–alkylation of anisole.(ii)Nitration of anisole.(iii)Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.(iv)Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

4. Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

5. Write down the electronic configuration of:(i) Cr3+ (iii) Cu+ (v) Co2+ (vii) Mn2+ (ii) Pm3+ (iv) Ce4+ (vi) Lu2+ (viii) Th4+

6. Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.

Comments

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWS LETTER

1.
Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn(s) + 2Ag⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + 2Ag(s) takes place. Further show:
(i) Which of the electrode is negatively charged?
(ii) The carriers of the current in the cell.
(iii) Individual reaction at each electrode.

3.
Write equations of the following reactions:
(i)Friedel-Crafts reaction–alkylation of anisole.
(ii)Nitration of anisole.
(iii)Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.
(iv)Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

4.
Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.

5.
Write down the electronic configuration of:
(i) Cr³⁺ (iii) Cu⁺ (v) Co²⁺ (vii) Mn²⁺
(ii) Pm³⁺ (iv) Ce⁴⁺ (vi) Lu²⁺ (viii) Th⁴⁺

6.
Comment on the statement that elements of the first transition series possess many properties different from those of heavier transition elements.